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² Besides the program at Institut Catholique in Paris and the Institute di Spiritualità at the Gregorian University in Rome there are several doctoral programs in the United States, notably at Fordham University in New York City and at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, California.

³ The Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Herbermann, C. G.et al. (New York: Encyclopedia Press, 1913–1922).Google Scholar

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⁶ The series began under the general editorship of Richard Payne and is being carried forward by John Farina.

⁷ Westminster Dictionary of Christian Spirituality, ed. Wakefield, Gordon (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1983).Google Scholar

⁸ The history of the term “spirituality” was studied in great detail by Tinsely, Lucy, The French Expression for Spirituality and Devotion: A Semantic Study Studies in Romance Languages and Literatures, 47 (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1953).Google Scholar

⁹ See Jean Leclercq, augmenting Tinsley's work, in an article entitled “‘Spiritualitas’”, Studi Medievali 3 (1963), Ser. 3, 279–96.Google Scholar In this section of the paper I am much indebted to Leclercq.

¹⁰ For a brief summary of the relevant biblical material, see Sudbrack, Josel, “Spirituality,” Sacramentum Mundi (New York: Herder and Herder, 1970), 6:148–49.Google Scholar

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¹³ Pourrat, Pierre, Christian Spirituality, 4 vols., tr. Mitchell, W. H. and Jacques, S. P. (Westminster: Newman, 1953–1955 [1927]).Google Scholar

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¹⁵ Ibid., p. vii.

¹⁶ Ibid., p. 1.

¹⁷ Ibid., p. 5.

¹⁸ Ibid., pp. 5-26.

¹⁹ Pourrat, , Christian Spirituality, 1:v.Google Scholar

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²⁸ Duquoc, Christian, “Theology and Culture: Religious Culture, Critical Spirit, the Humility of Faith, and Ecclesiastical Obedience,” tr. Foster, J. R., in Concilium 19 (New York: Paulist, 1966), 89.Google Scholar

²⁹ See Ricoeur, Paul, Interpretation Theory: Discourse and the Surplus of Meaning (Fort Worth: Texas Christian University Press, 1976), p. 79.Google Scholar

³⁰ See, on the nature of the field-encompassing field, Harvey, Van A., The Historian and the Believer: The Morality of Historical Knowledge and Christian Belief (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1966), pp. 38–67, esp. 54–59.Google Scholar