Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T11:13:21.867Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dead Bodies in the Postwar Discourse of Identity in Seventeenth-Century Korea: Subversion and Literary Production in the Private Sector

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2010

Jahyun Kim Haboush
Get access

Extract

As katherine verdery notes, dead bodies have had political lives in virtually every civilization since antiquity. They frequently emerge as powerful metaphors of change, especially after a time of crisis when the meaning of political symbols is redefined. This is vividly exemplified by what happened to the exhumed bodies of various ethnic groups in the former Yugoslavia (Verdery 1999, 1–22). Postwar discourse is another site in which dead bodies frequently emerge as metaphors. Some of the most unforgettable sights concerning World War II are pictures of huge piles of exhumed human bodies from the mass graves of Jews. We know that these are not skeletons of those who have died natural deaths because these images have often been shown along with the pictures of inmates of the concentration and death camps, emaciated to the point of nonrecognition as living human beings. Through this process, the pictures have acquired an independent status as encoded language: they signify unbelievable evil committed against humanity, and they display the moral weakness of the rest of humanity that failed to resist and end such atrocities.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , May 2003 , pp. 415 - 442
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Bakhtin, M. M. 1981. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Edited by Holquist, Michael. Translated by Emerson, Caryl and Holquist, Michael. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Berling, Judith. 1980. The Syncretic Religion of Lin Chao-en. New York: Columbia University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, Mary Elizabeth. 1982. Hideyoshi. Harvard East Asian series, no. 97. Cambridge: Harvard University.Google Scholar
Buswell, Robert E. Jr, 1999. “Buddhism Under Confucian Domination: The Synthetic Vision of Sŏsan Hyujŏng.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea, edited by Haboush, JaHyun Kim and Deuchler, Martina. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.Google Scholar
Munsŏp, Ch'a. 1996. Chosŏn sidae kunsa kwan'gye yŏn'gu (A study of military affairs during the Chosŏn period). Seoul: ‘Γan'guk taehakkyo ch'ulpanbu.Google Scholar
Yongju, Ch'a. 1981. Mongyurok kyekujo ŭi punsŏchŏk yŏn'gu (An analysis of the structure of the dream journeys). Seoul: Changhaksa.Google Scholar
Kyŏngnam, Cho. [1618] 1972. Nanjung chapnok (Miscellaneous records of war years). 4 vols. In vol. 6 of Taedong yasŭng (The unofficial narratives of the Great East). Seoul: Minjok munhwa ch'ujinhoe.Google Scholar
Tongil, Cho. 1994. Han'guk munhak t'ongsa (History of Korean literature). 3d ed. 5 vols. Seoul: Chisik sanŏpsa.Google Scholar
Ch'oe, Yong-Ho. 1999. “Private Academies and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea, edited by Haboush, JaHyun Kim and Deuchler, Martina. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.Google Scholar
Kubok, Chŏng. 1992. Han'guk kojŏn munhak ŭi wŏnjŏn pi'pyŏngjŏk yŏn'gu (A critical study of editions of Korean classics). Seoul: Koryŏ taehakkyo minjok munhwa yŏn'guso.Google Scholar
Okcha, Chŏng. 1998. Chosŏn hugi Chosŏn chungbwa sasang yŏn'gu (A study of Korea-centered ideology in late Chosŏn). Seoul: Ilchisa.Google Scholar
Chosŏn wangjo ŏi chesa (Sacrificial rites of the Chosŏn court). 1967. Seoul: Munhwajae kwalliguk.Google Scholar
Chŭngbo munhŏn pigo (Expanded encyclopedia of Korea). 1959. Vol. 3. Seoul: Kojŏn kanhaenghoe.Google Scholar
Colley, Linda. 1992. Britons: Forging the Nation, 1707–1837. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Deuchler, Martina. 1992. The Confucian Transformation of Korea: A Study of Society and Ideology. Harvard-Yenching Institute monograph series, no. 36. Cambridge: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University.Google Scholar
Deuchler, Martina. 1999. “Despoilers of the Way—Insulters of the Sages: Controversies over the Classics in Seventeenth-Century Korea.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea, edited by Haboush, JaHyun Kim and Deuchler, Martina. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.Google Scholar
Duara, Prasenjit. 2001. “The Regime of Authenticity: Timelessness, Gender, and National History in Modern China.” In Constructing Nationhood in Modern East Asia, edited by Chow, Kai-wing, Doak, Keven M., and Fu, Poshek. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Frédéric, Louis. 1995. Buddhism: Flammarion Iconographie Guides. Paris: Flammarion.Google Scholar
Goodman, David. 1988. Japanese Drama and Culture in the 1960s: The Return of Gods. Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Haboush, Jahyun Kim. 1995. “Dreamland: Korean Dreamscapes as an Alternative Confucian Space.” In Das andere China (The other China), edited by Schmidt-Glintzer, Helwig. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Haboush, Jahyun Kim. 1999. “Constructing the Center: The Ritual Controversy and the Search for a New Identity in Seventeenth-Century Korea.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea, edited by Haboush, JaHyun Kim and Deuchler, Martina. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haboush, Jahyun Kim. 2001. The Confucian Kingship in Korea: Yŏngjo and the Politics of Sagacity. Studies in Asian Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Haboush, JaHyun Kim, and Deuchler, Martina. 1999. “Introduction.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.Google Scholar
Myŏnggi, Han. 1998. Imjin waeran kwa Han-Jung kwan'gwe (The Imjin War and Sino-Korean relations). Seoul: Yŏksa pip'yŏngsa.Google Scholar
Han'guksa (History of Korea). 1995. Vol. 29. Seoul: Kuksa py'ŏnch'an wiwŏnhoe.Google Scholar
Hass, Kristin Ann. 1998. Carried to the Wall: American Memory and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Sŏndo, Hŏ. 1994. Chosŏn sidae hwayak pyŏnggisa yŏn'gu (A study of firearms and weapons of the Chosŏn period). Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
Hobsbawm, E. J. 1990. Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chungyun, Hwang. 1984. Talchŏn mongyurok (Dream journey to Talch'ŏn). In Hwang Tongmyŏng sosŏlchip (Collected novels of Hwang Tongmyŏng). Taegu: Munhak kwa ŏnŏ yŏn'guhoe.Google Scholar
Ch'Ŏlho, Im. 1986. Imjinnok yŏn'gu (A study of The Record of the Black Dragon Year). Seoul: Chŏngŭmsa.Google Scholar
Ch'Ŏlho, Im. 1989. Sŏlhwa wa minjung ŭi yŏksa ŭisik (Legends and people's historical consciousness). Seoul: Chimmundang.Google Scholar
Iwagichi, Inaba. 1933. Kokaikun jidai no Man-Sen kankei (The relations between the Manchus and Korea during the reign of Kwanghae). Seoul: Osakayago shoten.Google Scholar
Iser, Wolfgang. 1987. Walter Pater: The Aesthetic Moment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jackson, Rosemary. 1981. Fantasy: The Literature of Subversion. New York: Methuen.Google Scholar
Kangdo mongyurok. N.d. Manuscript. Kungnip tosŏgwan, Seoul.Google Scholar
Ilgŭn, Kim. 1986. Ŏn'gan ŭi yŏn'gu (A study of letters in Korean). Seoul: Kŏn'guk taehakkyo ch'ulp'anbu.Google Scholar
Kim, Samuel Dukhae. 1978. “The Korean Monk-Soldiers in the Imjin Wars: An Analysis of Buddhist Resistance to the Hideyoshi Invasion, 1592–1598.” Ph.D. diss., Columbia University.Google Scholar
Kim, Seong Nae. 1989. “Lamentations of the Dead: The Historical Imagery of Violence on Cheju Island, South Korea.” Journal of Ritual Studies 3(2):251–85.Google Scholar
T'Aejun, Kim et al. 1992. Imjin waeran kwa Han'guk munhak (The Imjin War and Korean literature). Seoul: Minŭmsa.Google Scholar
Tonghwa, Kim et al. 1971. “Hoguk taesŏng Samyŏng taesa yŏn'gu” (A study of the great patriotic monk, Samyŏng). Pulkyo hakpo 8:13–205.Google Scholar
Kuno, Yoshi Saburo. 1937. Japanese Expansion on the Asiatic Continent: A Study in the History of Japan with Special Reference to her international Relations with China, Korea, and Russia. 2 vols. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Laqueur, Thomas. 1994. “Memory and the Naming in the Great War.” In Commemorations: The Politics of National Identity, edited by Gillis, John R.. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ledyard, Gari. 1988–1989. “Confucianism and War: The Korean Security Crisis of 1598.” Journal of Korean Studies 6:81–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Ki-Baek. 1984. A New History of Korea. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Lee, Peter H. 1981. Anthology of Korean Literature. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Lee, Peter H. 2000. The Record of the Black Dragon Year. Seoul: Institute of Korean Culture, Korea University.Google Scholar
Lewis, Mark Edward. 1999. Writing and Authority in Early China. Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Lincoln, Abraham. 1863. “Gettysburg Address” delivered at the Soldiers’ National Cemetery dedication, 19 November.Google Scholar
Lopez, Donald S., ed. 1996. Religions of China in Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mayo, James. 1988. War Memorials as Political Landscape: The American Experience and Beyond. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
McMullen, David. 1973. “Historical and Literary Theory in the Mid-Eighth Century.” In Perspectives on the T'ang, edited by Wright, Arthur F. and Twitchett, David. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Man'gap, Na. 1977. Pyŏngja Namhan ilgi (The records of the Namhan Castle in 1636). Seoul: Sundang.Google Scholar
Shumpo, Naitō. 1976. Bunrokŭ Kenchŏ eki ni okeru hiryojin no kenkyŭ (A study of prisoners of war from 1592 to 1598). Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku shuppankai.Google Scholar
Naquin, Susan. 1988. “Funerals in North China: Uniformity and Variation.” In Death Ritual in Late Imperial and Modern China, edited by Watson, James and Rawski, Evelyn. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Morishige, Ōtani. 1985. Chosŏn hugi sosŏltokcha yŏn'gu (A study of readership of novels in late Chosŏn). Seoul: Koryŏ taehakkyo minjok munhwa yŏn'guso.Google Scholar
Chonghwa, Pak. 1972. Imjin waeran (The Imjin War). 3 vols. Seoul: Ŭryu munhwasa.Google Scholar
Chu, Pak. 1990. Chosŏn sidae ŭi chŏngp'yo chŏngch'aek (Policies on the conferrai of honors during the Chosŏn period). Seoul: Ilchogak.Google Scholar
“Pakssi chon” (The tale of Madam Pak). 1984. In Han'guk kojŏn munhak taegye (Compendium of Korean classical literature), edited by Chang Tŏksun and Ch'oe Chinwŏn. Vol. 1. Seoul: Kyomunsa.Google Scholar
Peterson, Charles A. 1973. “The Restoration Completed: Emperor Hsien-tsung and the Provinces.” In Perspectives on the T'ang, edited by Wright, Arthur F. and Twitchett, David. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
P'isaeng mongyurok. N.d. Manuscript. Kungnip tosŏgwan, Seoul.Google Scholar
Pollock, Sheldon. 1998. “The Cosmopolitan Yemacular.” Journal of Asian Studies 57(1):16–37.Google Scholar
Renan, Ernest. [1882] 1990. “What is a Nation?” In Nation and Narration, edited by Bhabha, Homi K.. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Sansŏng ilgi (The diary of mountain castle). 1985. Naksŏnjae edition; modern translation by Kim Kwangsun. Seoul: Hyŏngsŏl ch'ulp'ansa.Google Scholar
Sartre, Jean Paul. 1947. “‘Aminadab’ of the Fantastic Considered as a Language.” Situations (Paris) 1:56–72.Google Scholar
Sharpe, Jenny. 1994. “The Unspeakable Limits of Rape: Colonial Violence and Counter-Insurgency.” In Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory, edited by Williams, Patrick and Chrisman, Laura. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Anthony D. 1986. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Chaeyŏng, So. 1980. Im-Byŏng yangnan kwa munhak ŭisak (The Imjin and Pyongja Wars and literary consciousness). Seoul: Han'guk yŏn'guwŏn.Google Scholar
Chaeyŏng, So. 1992. “Imjin waeran kwa sosŏl munhak” (The Imjin War and the novel). In Imjin waeran kwa Han'guk munhak (Imjin War and Korean literature). Seoul: Minümsa.Google Scholar
Taesŏk, Sŏ. 1975. “Mongyurok ŭi genre chŏk sŏnggyŏk kwa munhaksachŏk ŭiŭi” (Generic characteristics of dream journeys and their literary historical significance). Kyemyŏngdae Han'gukhak nonmunjip 3:531–52.Google Scholar
Sŭngch'Ŏl, Son. 1994. Chosŏn sidae Han-Il kwan'gyesa yŏn'gu (A study of Korean-Japanese relations during the Chosŏn period). Seoul: Chisŏng ŭi saem.Google Scholar
Chŏnghyŏn, Song. 1998. Chosŏn sahoe wa Imjin ŭibyŏng yŏn'gu (A study of Chosŏn society and the volunteer army). Seoul: Haggyŏn munhwasa.Google Scholar
Sŏnjo sillok (Veritable records of Sŏnjo's reign). 1955–63. 221 kwŏn. Vols. 21–25 of Chosŭn wangjo sillok (Veritable records of Chosŏn dynasty). 48 vols. Seoul: Kuksa p'yŏnch'an wiwŏnhoe.Google Scholar
Sŏnjo sujŏng sillok (Veritable records of Sŏnjo's reign, corrected). 1971. 42 kwŏn. Vol. 25 of Chosŏn wangjo sillok (Veritable records of Chosŏn dynasty). Seoul: Kuksa p'yŏnch'an wiwŏnhoe.Google Scholar
Sotheby's, . 1993. Korean Works of Art. New York, 18 June.Google Scholar
Todorov, Tzvetan. 1975. The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. 1999. The Political Lives of Dead Bodies: Reburial and Postsocialist Change. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Wakemen, Frederic Jr. 1985. The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-Century China. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Walraven, B. C. A. 1985. “Muga: The Songs of Korean Shamanism.” Ph.D. diss., Leiden University.Google Scholar
Walraven, B. C. A. 1999. “Popular Religion in Confucianized Society.” In Culture and the State in Late Chosŏn Korea, edited by Haboush, JaHyun Kim and Deuchler, Martina. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.Google Scholar
Williams, Raymond. 1977. Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ch'Aeyŏn, Yi. 1995. Imjin waeran p'oro silgi yŏn'gu (A study of the records of prisoners of war of the Imjin War). Seoul: Pagijŏng ch'ulp'ansa.Google Scholar
Changhŭi, Yi. 1999. Imjin waeransa yŏn'gu (A study of the Imjin War). Seoul: Asea munhwasa.Google Scholar
T'Aejin, Yi. 1985. Chosŏn hugi ŭi chŏngch'i wa kunyŏngje pyŏnch'ŏn (Politics in the late Chosŏn and changes in the military structure). Seoul: Han'guk yŏn'guwŏn.Google Scholar
Yunsŏk, Yi. 1997. Hong Kiltong chŏn yŏn'gu (A study of the Tale of Hong Kiltong). Taegu: Kyemyŏng taehakkyo ch'ulp'anbu.Google Scholar
Chongguk, Yu. 1987. Mongyurok sosŏl yŏn'gu (A study of dream journey novels). Seoul: Asea munhwasa.Google Scholar
Kyesŏn, Yun. [1600] 1982. “Talch'on mongyurok.” In Hanmun sosŏlsŏn (A collection of stories in literary Chinese), edited by hakhoe, Kugŏ kungmun. Seoul: Taejegak.Google Scholar
Zeitlin, Judith. 1993. Historian of the Strange: Pu Songling and the Chinese Classical Tale. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar