Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-x4r87 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T09:10:33.334Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Gender Transgression in Colonial and Postcolonial Indonesia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2007

Evelyn Blackwood
Affiliation:
blackwood@purdue.eduAssociate Professor of Anthropology and Women's Studies in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Purdue University.
Get access

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Asian Studies 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Abdullah, Taufik 1971. Schools and Politics: The Kaum Muda Movement in West Sumatra (1927–1933). Ithaca, N.Y.:Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Cornell University.Google Scholar
Alhamidy, Li 1951. Islam dan Perkawinan. [Islam and Marriage]. Jakarta:Penerbit al Ma'arif.Google Scholar
Andaya, Barbara Watson 1994. “The Changing Religious Role of Women in Pre-modern South East Asia.” South East Asia Research 2(2):99116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andaya, Barbara Watson 2000. “Delineating Female Space: Seclusion and the State in Pre-modern Island Southeast Asia.” In Other Pasts: Women, Gender, and History in Early Modern Southeast Asia. Honolulu: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Hawai'i.Google Scholar
Andaya, Leonard 2000. “The Bissu: Study of a Third Gender in Indoneais.” In Other Pasts: Women, Gender, and History in Early Modern Southeast Asia, ed. Andaya, Barbara Watson. Honolulu: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Hawai'i.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. 1990. Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Aripurnami, Sita 1996. “A Feminist Comment on the Sinetron Presentation of Indonesian Women.” In Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia, ed. Sears, Laurie J.. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Atkinson, Jane Monnig. 1990. “How Gender Makes a Difference in Wana Society.” In Power and Difference: Gender in Island Southeast Asia, ed. Atkinson, Jane Monning and Errington, Shelly. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Atkinson, Jane Monnig and Errington, Shelly, eds. 1990. Power and Difference: Gemder in Island Southeast Asia. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Belo, Jane. 1949. Bali: Rangda and Barong. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Benda, Harry J.. 1972. Continuity and Change in Southeast Asia: Collected JOurnal Articles. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 1995. “Senior Women, Model MOthers, and Dutiful Wives: Managing Gender Contradictions in a Minangkabau Village.” In Bewitching Women, Pious Men: Gender and Body Politics in Southeast Asia, ed. Ong, Aihwa and Oeletz, Michael G.. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 1997. “Native American Genders and Sexualities: Beyond Anthropological Modela and Misrepresentations.” In Two-Spirit People: Native American Gender Identity, Sexuality, and Spiriruality, ed. Jacobs, Sue-Ellen, Thomas, Wesley and Lang, Sabine. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 1998. “Tombois in West Sumatra: Constructing Masculinity and Erotic Desire.” Cultural Anthropology 13(4):491521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 2000. Webs of Power: Women, Kin, and Community in a Sumatran Village. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 2001. “Representing Women: The Politics of Minangkabau Adat Writing.” Journal of Asian Studies 60(1):125–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn 2005. “Transnational Sexualities in One Place: INdonesian Readings.” Gender & Society 19(2):221–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackwood, Evelyn and Wieringa, Saskia E. 1999. “Sapphic Shadows: Challenging the Silence in the Study of Sexuality.” In Female Desires: Same-Sex Relations and Transgender Practices across Cultures. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Boellstorff, Thomas David 2000. “The Gay Archipelago: Postcolonial Sexual Subjectivities in Indonesia.” PhD diss. Stanford University.Google Scholar
Bornstein, Kate. 1995. Gender Outlaw: On Men, Women, and the Rest of Us. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Bowen, John R. 1993. Muslims through Discourse: Religion and Ritual in Gayo Society. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brewer, Carolyn. 2000. “Researching the Fraagment: Old Women and Idols in Sixteenth Century Cebu.” In Researching the Frangments: Histories of Women in the Asian Context, ed. Brewer, Carolyn and Medcalf, Anne-Marie. Quezon City: New Day Publilshers.Google Scholar
SirBrooke, James. 1848. Narrative of Events in Borneo and Celebes down to the Occupation of Labuan, form the Journals of James Brooke, Esq. Ed. Mundy, Rodney. Vol. 1. London: John Murray, Albermarle Strret.Google Scholar
Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender Troube: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Carey, Peter, and Houben, Vincent. 1987. “Spirited Srikandhis and Sly Sumbadras: The Social, Political, and Economic Rold of Women at the Central Javanese Courts in the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries.” In Indonesian Women in Focus: Past and Present Notions, ed. Loucher-Scholten, Elsbeth and Niehof, Anke. Dordresht: Foris Publications.Google Scholar
Chabot, H. Th. 1960. Kinship, Status, and Sex in the South Celebes. Trans. Neuse, Richard. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files.Google Scholar
Collier, Jane Fishburne, and Yanagisako, Sylvia Junko, eds. 1987. Gender and Kinship: Essays toward a Unified Analysis. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Comaroff, Jean, and Comaroff, John. 1992. Ethnographty and the Historical Imagination. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Cornwall, Andrea, and Lindisfaran, Nancy, eds. 1994. Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies. New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crompton, Louis. 1981. “The Myth of Lesbian Impunity: Capital Laws from 1270 to 1791.” Journal of Homosexuality 6(1–2): 1125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dekker, Rudolf M., and van der Pol, Lotte C.. 1989. The Tradition of Female Transvestism in Early Modern Europe. New York: St. Martin's Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delaney, Carol. 1995. “Father State, Motherland, and the Birth of Modern Turkey.” In Naturalizing Power: Essays in Feminist Cultural Analysis, ed. Yanagisako, Sylvia and Delaney, Carol. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Djajadiningrat-Nieuwenhuis, Madelon. 1987. “Ibuism and Priyayization: Path to Power?” In INdonesian Women in Focus: Past and Present Notions, ed. Locher-Scholten, Elsbeth and Niehof, Anke. Dordrecht: Foris Publications.Google Scholar
Duff-Cooper, Andrew. 1985. “Notes about Some Balinese Ideas and Practices Connected with Sex from Western Lombok.” Anthropos, no. 80:403–19.Google Scholar
Epstein, Julia, and Straub, Kristina, eds. 1991. Body Guards: The Cultural Politics of Gender Ambiguity. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Errington, Shelly. 1990. “Recasting Sex, Gender, and Power: A Theoretical and Regional Overview.” In Power and Difference: Gender in Island Southeast Asia, ed. Atkinson, Jane Monnig and Errington, Shelly. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1980. The History of Sexuality. Trans. Hurley, Robert. Vol. 1. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Garber, Marjorie. 1993. Vested Inerests: Cross-Dressing and Cultural Anxiety. London: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Gayatri, . 1993. “Coming Out but Remaining HIdden: A Portrait of Lesbians in Java.” Paper presented at the International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, July 28-August 5, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Geertz, Clifford. 1960. The Religion of Java. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gennep, Arnold van. 1960. The Rites of Passage Trans. Vizedom, M. and Caffee, G.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gouda, Frances. 1995. Dutch Culture Overseas: Colonial Practice in the Netherlands Indies, 1900–1942. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, Penelope. 1987. Iban Shamanism: An Analysis of the Ethnographic Literature. Occasional paper, Department of Anthropology, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra.Google Scholar
Graham, Sharyn. 2003. “Hunters, Wedding Mothers, and Androgynous Priests: Conceptualising Gender among Bugis is South Sulawesi, Indonesia.” PhD diss., University of Western Australia.Google Scholar
Graham, Sharyn. Forthcoming. “Hunting Down Love: Performing Masculinity in Bugis Society.” In Invisible Love: Women's Same-Sex Practices in an Asian Context, ed. Wierings, Saskia E., Blackwood, Evelyn, and Bhaiya, Abha.Google Scholar
Grewal, Inderpal, and Kaplan, Caren. 2001. “Global Identities: Theorizing Transnational Studies of Sexuality.” GLO, a Journal of Gay and Lesbian Studies 7(4):663–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hatley, Barbara. 1990. “Theatrical Imagery and Gender Ideology in Jave.” In Power and Difference: Gender in Island Southeast Asia, ed. Atkinson, Jane Monnign and Errington, Shelly Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Hefner, Robert W.. 2000. Cicil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hefner, Robert W., and Horvatich, Patricia, eds. 1997. Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Hicks, David. 1976. Tetum Ghosts and Kin: Fieldwork in an Indonesian Community. Palo Alto, Calif.: Mayfield Publishing.Google Scholar
Hobart, Mark. 1995. “Engendering Disquiet: On Kinship and Gender in Bali.” In “Male” and “Female” in Developing Southeast Asia, ed. Karim, Wazir Jahan. Washington, D.C.: Berg Publishers.Google Scholar
Hoskins, Janet. 1990. “Doubling Deities, Descent, and Personhood: An Exploration od Kodi Gender Categories.” In Power and Difference: Gender in Island Southeast Asia, ed. Atkinson, Jone Monnig and Errington, Shelly. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Howell, Julia Day 2001. “Sufism and the Indonesian Islamic Revival.” Journal of Asian Studies 60(3):701–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes-Freeland, Felicia. 1995. “Performance and Gender in Javanese Palace Tradition.” In “Male” and “Female” in Developing Southeast Asia, ed. Karim, Wazir Jahan. Washington, D.C.: Berg Publishers.Google Scholar
Hupe, C. 1846. “Korte verhandeling over de godsdienst, zeden, enz. der Dajakkers” [A Short Treatise on the Religion, Tradition, etc. of the Dayaks]. Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indiē 8(3):127–72, 245–80.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Sue-Ellen, Thomas, Wesley, and Sabine, Lang, eds. 1997. Two-Spirit People: Native American Gender Identity, Sexuality, and Spirituality. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Johns, Anthony H. 1995. “Sufism in Southeast Asia: Reflections and Reconsiderations.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 26(1):169–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, Mark. 1997. Beauty and Power: Transgendering and Cultural Transformation in thwe Southern Philippines. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
Karsch-Haack, Ferdinand. 1911. Das gleichgechlechtlige Leben der Naturvōlker [The Homosexual Life of Primitive Peoples]. Munich: Reinhardt.Google Scholar
Keeler, Ward. 1987. Javanese Shadow Play, Javanese Selves. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Kroef, Justus M. Van Der. 1954. “Transvestitism and the Religious Hermaphrodite in Indonesia.” Journal of East Asiatic Studies 3(3):257–65.Google Scholar
Kruyt, A. C. 1938. De West-Toradjas op Midden-Celebes [The West Toraja of Central Celebes]. Vol. 2. Amsterdam: N.p.Google Scholar
Kumar, Ann. 1980. “Javanese Court Society and Politics in the Late Eighteenth Century: The Record of a Lady Soldier; Part I: The Religious, Social, and Economic Life of the Court.” Indonesia, no. 29:146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, Ann. 2000. “Imagining Women in Javanese Religion: Goddesses, Ascetes, Queens, Consorts, Wives.” In Other Pasts: Women, Gender, and History in Early Modern Southeast Asia, ed. Andaya, Barbara Watson. Honolulu: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Hawai'i.Google Scholar
Locher-Scholten, Elsabeth. 2003. “Morals, Harmony, and National Identity: ‘Companionate Feminism’ in Colonial Indonesia in the 1930s.” Journal of Women’s History 14(4):3858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loos, Tamara. 2005. “Sex in the Inner City: The Fidelity between Sex and Politics in Siam.” Journal of Asian Studies 64(4):881909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manderson, Lenore, and Jolly, Margaret, eds. 1997. Sites of Desire, Economies of Pleasure: Sexualities in Asia and the Pacific. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Maxwell, Sir William George. 1907. In Malay Forests. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meer, Theo Van Der. 1991. “Tribades on Trial: Female Same-Sex Offenders in Late Eighteenth-Century Amsterdam.” Journal of the History of Sexuality 1(3):424–45.Google ScholarPubMed
Meer, Theo Van Der. 1994. “Sodomy and the Pursuit of the Third Sex in the Early Modern Period.” In Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History, ed. Herdt, Gilbert. New York: Zone Books.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Barbara D. 1995. “Presidential Address–Too Little and Too Much: Reflections on Muslims in the History of India.” Journal of Asian Studies 54(4):951–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalf, Barbara D. 1997. “Islam in Contemporary Southeast Asia: History, Community, Morality.” In Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia, ed. Hefner, Robert W. and Patricia, Horvatich Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.Google Scholar
Murray, Alison. 1999. “Let Them Take Ecstasy: Class and Jakarta Lesbians.” In Female Desires: Same-Sex Relations and Transgender Practices across Cultures, ed. Blackwood, Evelyn and Wieringa, Saskia E. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Oetomo, Dede. 1996. “Gender and Sexual Orientation in Indonesia.” In Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia, ed. Sears, Laurie J. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Ong, Aihwa, and Peletz, Michael G., eds. 1995. Bewitching Women, Pious Men: Gender and Body Politics in Southeast Asia. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pausacker, Helen. 1991. “Srikandhi and Sumbadra: Stereotyped Role Models or Complex Personalities?” In The Art and Culture of South-East Asia, ed. Chandra, Lokesh. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan.Google Scholar
Peacock, James. 1968. Rites of Modernization: Symbolic Aspects of Indonesian Proletarian Drama. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Peletz, Michael G. 1996. Reason and Passion: Representations of Gender in a Malay Society. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peletz, Michael G. 1997. “‘Ordinary Muslims’ and Muslim Resurgents in Contemporary Malaysia: Notes on an Ambivalent Relationship.” In Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia, ed. Hefner, Robert W. and Horvatich, Patricia. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.Google Scholar
Peletz, Michael G. 2002. Islamic Modern: Religious Courts and Cultural Politics in Malaysia. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Peletz, Michael G. Forthcoming. “Transgenderism and Gender Pluralism in Southeast Asia since Early Modern Times.” Current Anthropology.Google Scholar
Pelras, Christian. 1996. The Bugis. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar
Rajo Penghulu, H. Idrus Hakimy Dt. 1994. Pegangan Penghulu, Bundo Kanduang, dan Pidato Alua Pasambahan Adat di Minangkabau [Guide for Titled Men and Senior Women, with Ceremonial Speeches of the Minangkabau]. 4th ed. Bandung: Remadja Rosdakarya.Google Scholar
Reid, Anthony. 19881993. Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450–1680. Vols. 1 and 2. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ricklefs, M. C. 2001. A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1200. 3rd ed. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Rubin, Gayle. 1975. “The Traffic in Women: Notes on the ‘Political Economy’ of Sex.” In Towards an Anthropology of Women, ed. Reiter, Rayna R. New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Sanday, Peggy Reeves, and Goodenough, Ruth Gallagher, eds. 1990. Beyond the Second Sex: New Directions in the Anthropology of Gender. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Sanders, Paula. 1991. “Gendering the Ungendered Body: Hermaphrodites in Medieval Islamic Law.” In Women in Middle Eastern History: Shifting Boundaries in Sex and Gender, ed. Keddie, Nikki R. and Baron, Beth New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sandin, B. 1983. “Mythological Origins of Iban Shamanism.” Sarawak Museum Journal 32:235–50.Google Scholar
Schārer, Hans. 1963. Ngaju Religion: The Conception of God among a South Borneo People. Trans. Needham, Rodney. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 1997. Small Sacrifices: Religious Change and Cultural Identity among the Ngaju of Indonesia. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwaner, C. A. L. M. 1853. Borneo. Vol. 1. Amsterdam: P. N. van Kampen.Google Scholar
Sears, Laurie J., ed. 1996. Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Siapno, Jacqueline Aquino. 2002. Gender, Islam, Nationalism, and the State in Aceh. New York: Routledge Curzon.Google Scholar
Soekarno, . 1964. Srikandi Tjut Njak Dhien, Pahlawan Nasional [Srikandi Tjut Nyak Dhien, National Hero]. Jakarta: Departemen Penerangan.Google Scholar
Stoler, Ann Laura. 1991. “Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Gender, Race, and Morality in Colonial Asia.” In Gender at the Crossroads: Feminist Anthropology in the Postmodern Era, ed. Leonardo, Micaela di Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Stoler, Ann Laura. 1995. Race and the Education of Desire: Foucault’s History of Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Sutlive, Vinson H. Jr. 1992. “The Iban Manang in the Sibu District of the Third Division of Sarawak: An Alternate Route to Normality.” In Oceanic Homosexualities, by Stephen O. Murray. New York: Garland Press.Google Scholar
Swettenham, Frank Athelstane. 1895. Malay Sketches. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Talsya, T. Alibasjah. 1982. Cut Nyak Meutia: Srikandi yang Gugur di Medan Perang Aceh [Cut Nyak Meutia: A Srikandi Killed in Medan during the Aceh War]. Jakarta: Mutiara.Google Scholar
Taylor, Jean Gelman. 1996. “Nyai Dasima: Portrait of a Mistress in Literature and Film.” In Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia, ed. Sears, Laurie J. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Jean Gelman. 1997. “Introduction.” In Women Creating Indonesia: The First Fifty Years. Clayton, Vic.: Monash Asia Institute.Google Scholar
Tiwon, Sylvia. 1996. “Models and Maniacs: Articulating the Female in Indonesia.” In Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia, ed. Sears, Laurie J. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Trumbach, Randolph. 1994. “London’s Sapphists: From Three Sexes to Four Genders in the Making of Modern Culture.” In Third Sex, Third Gender: BeyondSexual Dimorphism in Culture and History, ed. Herdt, Gilbert. New York: Zone Books.Google Scholar
Turner, Victor W. 1969. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Chicago: Aldine Publishing.Google Scholar
Penny, Van Esterik, ed. 1982. Women of Southeast Asia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Wahid, Abdurrahman. 1994. “Islam and Women’s Rights.” Trans. Lily, Munir. In Islam and the Advancement of Women, ed. Lily, Zakiyah Munir, Abdul, Mun’im, and Soraya, Nani. Jakarta: Forum for Islam and the Advancement of Women.Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 1963. The Sociology of Religion. Trans. Fischoff, Ephraim. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Whalley, Lucy A. 1998. “Urban Minangkabau Muslim Women: Modern Choices, Traditional Concerns in Indonesia.” In Women in Muslim Societies: Diversity within Unity, ed. Bodman, Herbert L. and Tohidi, Nayereh Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers.Google Scholar
Wieringa, Saskia E. 1992. “Ibu or the Beast: Gender Interests, Ideology, and the Practice in Two Indonesian Women’s Organizations.” Feminist Review, no. 41:98114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wieringa, Saskia E. 1999. “Desiring Bodies or Defiant Cultures: Butch-Femme Lesbians in Jakarta and Lima.” In Female Desires: Same-Sex Relations and Transgender Practices across Cultures, ed. Blackwood, Evelyn and Wieringa, Saskia E.. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Wieringa, Saskia E. 2000. “Communism and Women’s Same-Sex Practises in post-Suharto Indonesia.” Culture, Health, and Sexuality 2(4):441457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilchins, Riki Anne. 1997. Read My Lips: Sexual Subversion and the End of Gender. Ithaca, N.Y.: Firebrand Books.Google Scholar
Woodward, Mark R. 1989. Islam in Java: Normative Piety and Mysticism in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Yanagisako, Sylvia Junko, and Delaney, Carol. 1995. “Naturalizing Power.” In Naturalizing Power: Essays in Feminist Cultural Analysis. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Yengoyan, Aram A. 1983. “Transvestitism and the Ideology of Gender: Southeast Asia and Beyond.” In Feminist Revisions: What Has Been and Might Be, ed. Patraka, Vivian and Tilly, Louise. Ann Arbor: Women’s Studies Program, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Yusda, H. Nyak, and Aly, Bachtiar. 1989. Pahlawan Nasional Tjoet Nyak Dhien [National Hero Tjoet Nyak Dhien]. Jakarta: Pimpinan Pusat Taman Iskandar Muda.Google Scholar
Zaina-Lajoubert, Monique. 1996. Syair Cerita Siti Akbari karya Lie Kim Hok (1884), penjelmaan Syair Abdul Muluk (1846) [The Story of Siti Akbari Written by Lie Kim Hok (1884), Based on the Story of Abdul Muluk (1846)]. In Sastra Peranakan Tionghoa Indonesia [Chinese-Indonesian Literature], ed. Leo, Suryadinata. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia.Google Scholar
Zainuddin, H. M. 1966. Srikandi Atjeh [The Acehnese Srikandi]. Medan: Pustaka Iskandar Muda.Google Scholar