Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T09:48:55.059Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Use of Excess Cash and Debt Capacity as a Motive for Merger

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Abstract

This study explores the hypothesis that capital structure change provides bidders and targets a motive for merger. After a brief review of theories that would support the hypothesis, the paper reports results of tests on (1) leverage in bidder and target firms, and (2) change in shareholder wealth associated with change in leverage. The findings support the theory of Myers and Majluf that “slack-rich” bidders pair with “slack-poor” targets to create value. These results are contrary to other studies, which find highly levered bidders.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asquith, P.; Bruner, R. F.; and Mullins, D. W. Jr, “The Gains to Bidding Firms from Merger.” Journal of Financial Economics, 11 (04 1983), 121139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asquith, P., and Kim, E. H.. “The Impact of Merger Bids on the Participating Firm's Security Holders.” Journal of Finance, 37 (12 1982), 12091228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asquith, P., and Mullins, D. W. Jr, “Equity Issues and Offering Dilution.” Journal of Financial Economics, 15 (01/02 1986), 6189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeAngelo, H., and Masulis, R. W.. “Optimal Capital Structure under Corporate and Personal Taxation.” Journal of Financial Economics, 8 (03 1980), 329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, F. M.Tests of Equality between Sets of Coefficients in Two Linear Regressions: An Expository Note.” Econometrica, 38 (03 1970), 361366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galai, D., and Masulis, R. W.. “The Option Pricing Model and the Risk Factor of Stock.” Journal of Financial Economics, 3 (10 1973), 5381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guerard, J. B. Jr, “The Role of Employment and Capital Expenditure in the Merger and Acquisition Process.” In Mergers and Acquisitions, Keenan, M. and White, L. J., eds. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books (1982), 243265.Google Scholar
Harris, R. S.; Stewart, J. F.; and Carleton, W. T.. “Financial Characteristics of Acquired Firms.” In Mergers and Acquisitions, Keenan, M. and White, L. J., eds. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books (1982), 223242.Google Scholar
Kim, E. H.A Mean-Variance Theory of Optimal Capital Structure and Corporate Debt Capacity.” Journal of Finance, 33 (03 1978), 4564.Google Scholar
Kim, E. H., and McConnell, J. J.. “Corporate Mergers and the Co-Insurance of Corporate Debt.” Journal of Finance, 22 (05 1977), 349370.Google Scholar
Lev, B., and Mandelker, G.. “The Microeconomic Consequences of Corporate Mergers.” Journal of Business, 45 (01 1972), 85104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, H., and Sarnat, M.. “Diversification, Portfolio Analysis, and the Uneasy Case for Conglomerate Mergers.” Journal of Finance, 25 (09 1970), 795802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewellen, W. G.A Pure Financial Rationale for the Conglomerate Merger.” Journal of Finance, 26 (05 1971), 521535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masulis, R., and Korwar, A.. “Seasoned Equity Offerings: An Empirical Investigation.” Journal of Financial Economics, 15 (01/02 1986), 91118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melicher, R. W., and Rush, D. F.. “The Performance of Conglomerate Firms: Recent Risk and Return Experience.” Journal of Finance, 28 (05 1973), 381388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, M.Debt and Taxes.” Journal of Finance, 32 (05 1977), 261276.Google Scholar
Modigliani, F., and Miller, M.. “Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A Correction.” American Economic Review, 53 (06 1963), 433443.Google Scholar
Mueller, D. C. “The United States, 1962–1972.” in The Determinants and Effects of Mergers, Mueller, D.C., ed. Cambridge: Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain (1980), 271298.Google Scholar
Mullins, D. W. Jr, “Investors' Personal Taxes, the Corporate Use of Discretionary Cash, and Internal Diversification.” Manuscript, Harvard University (1982).Google Scholar
Myers, S. C, and Majluf, N. S.. “Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions when Firms Have Information That Investors Do Not Have.” Journal of Financial Economics, 13 (06 1984), 187221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, D. F. Jr, and Martin, J. D.. “Industry Influence on Financial Structure.” Financial Management, 4 (Spring 1975), 6773.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shrieves, R. E., and Pashley, M. M.. “Evidence on the Association between Mergers and Capital Structure.” Financial Management, (Autumn 1984), 3948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapleton, R. C. “Mergers, Debt Capacity, and the Valuation of Corporate Loans.” In Mergers and Acquisitions, Keenan, M. and White, L. J., eds. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books (1982), 928.Google Scholar
Stevens, D. L.Financial Characteristics of Merged Firms: A Multivariate Analysis.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 8 (03 1973), 149158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weston, J. F., and Mansinghka, S. K.. “Tests of the Efficiency Performance in Conglomerate Firms.” Journal of Finance, 26 (09 1971), 919936.CrossRefGoogle Scholar