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Swirling flow states of compressible single-phase supercritical fluids in a rotating finite-length straight circular pipe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 June 2018

Nguyen Ly ,
Zvi Rusak Open the ORCID record for Zvi Rusak [Opens in a new window]  and
Shixiao Wang Open the ORCID record for Shixiao Wang [Opens in a new window]
Nguyen Ly
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
Zvi Rusak*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
Shixiao Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
*
†Email address for correspondence: rusakz@rpi.edu
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Abstract

Steady states of inviscid, compressible and axisymmetric swirling flows of a single-phase, inert, thermodynamically supercritical fluid in a rotating, finite-length, straight, long circular pipe are studied. The fluid thermodynamic behaviour is modelled by the van der Waals equation of state. A nonlinear partial differential equation for the solution of the flow streamfunction is derived from the fluid equations of motion in terms of the inlet flow specific total enthalpy, specific entropy and circulation functions. This equation reflects the complicated, nonlinear thermo-physical interactions in the flows, specifically when the inlet state temperature and density profiles vary around the critical thermodynamic point, flow compressibility is significant and the inlet swirl ratio is high. Several types of solutions of the resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equation for the axially independent case describe the flow outlet state when the pipe is sufficiently long. The approach is applied to an inlet flow described by a solid-body rotation with uniform profiles of the axial velocity and temperature. The solutions are used to form the bifurcation diagrams of steady compressible flows of real fluids as the inlet swirl level and the centreline inlet density are increased at a fixed inlet Mach number and temperature. Focus is on heavy-molecule fluids with low values of $R/C_{v}$. Computed results provide theoretical predictions of the critical swirl levels for the exchange of stability of the columnar state and for the appearance of non-columnar states and of vortex breakdown states as a function of inlet centreline density. The difference in the dynamical behaviour between that of a calorically perfect gas and of a real gas is explored. The analysis sheds new fundamental light on the complex dynamics of high-Reynolds-number, compressible, subsonic swirling flows of real gases.

JFM classification

Compressible Flows: Compressible Flows Vortex Flows: Vortex breakdown Vortex Flows: Vortex Flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 849 , 25 August 2018 , pp. 576 - 614
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Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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