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Eutectoid temperature of carbon steel during laser surface hardening

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Chin-Cheng Chen ,
Chun-Ju Tao  and
Lih-Tyan Shyu
Chin-Cheng Chen*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
Chun-Ju Tao
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
Lih-Tyan Shyu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
*
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

A new method was developed to determine the eutectoid temperature, Ac1, of carbon steel during laser surface hardening. In the method a three-dimensional heat flow model with temperature-dependent physical properties was set up and solved for the temperature distribution employing a finite element method (FEM). Workpieces were heat-treated to produce a melted and hardened zone by a single pass of a continuous-wave TEM00 CO2 laser beam. The depth profile of the melted zone was used as a calibrator to solve the uncertainty imposed by the unknown surface absorptivity. Obtained was an Ac1 of, on average, 770 °C, a superheat of 47 °C compared to the equilibrium Ac1 of 723 °C. Furthermore, the numerical model was also employed to predict the hardened depth, and the results show that, for a depth of more than 100 μm, the eutectoid temperature 770 °C leads to a depth about 10% smaller than that predicted at 723 °C. The use of the temperature-dependent physical properties is critical; an error up to 80% could result if constant physical properties are used.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , February 1996 , pp. 458 - 468
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

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