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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
The sombre picture of the economic situation in most developing countries, and not least in Africa, has become increasingly familiar in the last two or three years. Foreign aid is at best not increasing and the terms on which it is offered are hardening. There has been little or no relaxation of the obstacles to increased trade between the developed and the under-developed world. The growth of many poor countries has been limited; and, indeed, within the developing world, the gap between those at the top and those at the bottom is growing, as is that between the developed and the under-developed world as a whole.
Page 361 note 1 The main problems are analysed in some detail in a remarkable article by Green, Reginald H., ‘U.N.C.T.A.D. and After: anatomy of a failure’, in The Journal of Modern African Studies (Cambridge), v, 2, 1967,Google Scholar published on the eve of the conference. Not even Cassandra could have expected such gloomy prognostications to come to pass so rapidly.
Page 362 note 1 Report of the Conference of African Planners, Second Session, document E/CN.14/407, Addis Ababa, Jaunary 1968.
Page 362 note 2 Hunter, Guy, The Best of Both Worlds (London, 1967).Google Scholar
Page 362 note 3 These problems are examined in detail in the writer's Industry in Africa (London, 1968).Google Scholar
Page 363 note 1 Giri, J., ‘Réflexions sur l'industrialisation de I'Afnique’, in Coopération et Développement (Paris), 1967.Google Scholar
Page 363 note 2 Johnson, Harry G., Economic Policies towards Less Developed Countries (London, 1967), pp. 69–70.Google Scholar
Page 363 note 3 Ibid. p. 77.
Page 363 note 4 Hunter, op.cit.
Page 364 note 1 Report of the Conference of African Planners, Second Session.
Page 364 note 2 R. Julienne has pointed out that the first plans drawn up in Senegal, Mali, and Madagascar attempted to promote balanced regional development, but that this approach had to be modified subsequently to give proper weight to the need to concentrate scarce resources on key growth points. La Définition des régions de l'Afrique inter-tropicale, Réunion annuelle des directeurs d'instituts de formation et de recherche pour le développement, O.E.C.D., Montpellier, September 1967.
Page 365 note 1 Statement by the director of the New York office of U.N.C.T.A.D. at the second meeting of the third committee, 8 February 1960 document TD/II/C.3/L.I.
Page 366 note 1 These and subsequent figures are extracted from U.N.C.T.A.D., The Mobilisation of Domestic Resources by Developing Countries, document TD/7/Supp.2, 1967. See also U.N.I.D.O., Domestic Financing of Industrial Development, document ID/Conf. 1/7, 1967.
Page 368 note 1 See E.C.A. document E/CN. 14/356. See also the Third Report of the U.N. Advisory Committee on the Application of Science and Technology to Development (New York, 1967),Google Scholar whose recommendations were largely followed by the African Regional Group.
Page 369 note 1 Hunter, Guy, Manpower, Employment and Education in the Rural Economy of Tanzania (Paris, 1966).Google Scholar
Page 370 note 1 Science and Technical Education in Africa, document E/CN.14/398, Addis Ababa, 1967.
Page 370 note 2 Ibid.
Page 371 note 1 For a fully documented discussion of these problems based on case studies, see Wilde, John C. de et al. , Agricultural Development in Tropical Africa (New York, 1967).Google Scholar See also Dumont, René, Développement agricole africain (Paris, 1965).Google Scholar
