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Microstructure of the Corpus Callosum Long after Pediatric Concussion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 March 2020

Maya N. Sohn ,
Shane Virani Open the ORCID record for Shane Virani [Opens in a new window] ,
Helen L. Carlson ,
Shelby MacPhail ,
Trevor A. Low ,
Vickie Plourde Open the ORCID record for Vickie Plourde [Opens in a new window] ,
Keith Owen Yeates ,
Catherine Lebel  and
Brian L. Brooks
Maya N. Sohn
Affiliation:
Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Shane Virani
Affiliation:
Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Neuropsychology Service, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
Helen L. Carlson
Affiliation:
Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
Shelby MacPhail
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience, Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States of America
Trevor A. Low
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Vickie Plourde
Affiliation:
École de Psychologie, Faculté des sciences de la santé et des services communautaires, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
Keith Owen Yeates
Affiliation:
Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
Catherine Lebel
Affiliation:
Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Brian L. Brooks*
Affiliation:
Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada Neuropsychology Service, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Dr. Brian L. Brooks, Alberta Children’s Hospital, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada, T3B 6A8. Phone: 403-955-2597. Fax: 403-955-7086. Email: brian.brooks@ahs.ca
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Abstract

Objective:

The long-term effects of pediatric concussion on white matter microstructure are poorly understood. This study investigated long-term changes in white matter diffusion properties of the corpus callosum in youth several years after concussion.

Methods:

Participants were 8–19 years old with a history of concussion (n = 36) or orthopedic injury (OI) (n = 21). Mean time since injury for the sample was 2.6 years (SD = 1.6). Participants underwent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, completed cognitive testing, and rated their post-concussion symptoms. Measures of diffusivity (fractional anisotropy, mean, axial, and radial diffusivity) were extracted from white matter tracts in the genu, body, and splenium regions of the corpus callosum. The genu and splenium tracts were further subdivided into 21 equally spaced regions along the tract and diffusion values were extracted from each of these smaller regions.

Results:

White matter tracts in the genu, body, and splenium did not differ in diffusivity properties between youth with a history of concussion and those with a history of OI. No significant group differences were found in subdivisions of the genu and splenium after correcting for multiple comparisons. Diffusion metrics did not significantly correlate with symptom reports or cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that at approximately 2.5 years post-injury, youth with prior concussion do not have differences in their corpus callosum microstructure compared to youth with OI. Although these results are promising from the perspective of long-term recovery, further research utilizing longitudinal study designs is needed to confirm the long-term effects of pediatric concussion on white matter microstructure.

Keywords

Mild traumatic brain injuryAdolescenceWhite matterLong-termDiffusion tensor imagingPost-concussion syndrome
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 26 , Issue 8 , September 2020 , pp. 763 - 775
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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Footnotes

†

Equal co-first authors

References

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