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Auxin production by the plant trypanosomatid Phytomonas serpens and auxin homoeostasis in infected tomato fruits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2014

SUSAN IENNE ,
LUCIANO FRESCHI ,
VANESSA F. VIDOTTO ,
TIAGO A. DE SOUZA Open the ORCID record for TIAGO A. DE SOUZA [Opens in a new window] ,
EDUARDO PURGATTO  and
BIANCA ZINGALES
SUSAN IENNE
Affiliation:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
LUCIANO FRESCHI
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
VANESSA F. VIDOTTO
Affiliation:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
TIAGO A. DE SOUZA
Affiliation:
CEFAP-USP (Centro de Facilidades de Apoio à Pesquisa-USP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
EDUARDO PURGATTO
Affiliation:
Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, NAPAN – Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
BIANCA ZINGALES*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: zingales@iq.usp.br
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Summary

Previously we have characterized the complete gene encoding a pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC)/indolepyruvate decarboxylase (IPDC) of Phytomonas serpens, a trypanosomatid highly abundant in tomato fruits. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the clade that contains the trypanosomatid protein behaves as a sister group of IPDCs of γ-proteobacteria. Since IPDCs are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the ability for IAA production by P. serpens was investigated. Similar to many microorganisms, the production of IAA and related indolic compounds, quantified by high performance liquid chromatography, increased in P. serpens media in response to amounts of tryptophan. The auxin functionality was confirmed in the hypocotyl elongation assay. In tomato fruits inoculated with P. serpens the concentration of free IAA had no significant variation, whereas increased levels of IAA-amide and IAA-ester conjugates were observed. The data suggest that the auxin produced by the flagellate is converted to IAA conjugates, keeping unaltered the concentration of free IAA. Ethanol also accumulated in P. serpens-conditioned media, as the result of a PDC activity. In the article we discuss the hypothesis of the bifunctionality of P. serpens PDC/IPDC and provide a three-dimensional model of the enzyme.

Keywords

Indole-3-acetic acidconjugated auxinindole-pyruvate decarboxylasePhytomonas-plant interaction
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 141 , Issue 10 , September 2014 , pp. 1299 - 1310
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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