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The kinetics of exsheathment of infective nematode larvae is disturbed in the presence of a tannin-rich plant extract (sainfoin) both in vitro and in vivo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

S. BRUNET ,
J. AUFRERE ,
F. El BABILI ,
I. FOURASTE  and
H. HOSTE
S. BRUNET
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherches 1225 INRA/DGER, ‘Interactions Hôte Agents Pathogènes’, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
J. AUFRERE
Affiliation:
INRA, Unité de Recherche sur la Nutrition des Herbivores (équipe RAPA), Centre de Clermont Ferrand, Theix, 63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
F. El BABILI
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherche 152 IRD/UPS, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
I. FOURASTE
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherche 152 IRD/UPS, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
H. HOSTE*
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherches 1225 INRA/DGER, ‘Interactions Hôte Agents Pathogènes’, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
*
*Corresponding author: Unité Mixte de Recherches 1225 INRA/DGER, ‘Interactions Hôte Agents Pathogènes’, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, F31076 Toulouse, France. Tel: +33 05 61 19 38 75. Fax: +33 05 61 19 32 43. E-mail: h.hoste@envt.fr
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Summary

The mode of action of bioactive plants on gastrointestinal nematodes remains obscure. Previous in vitro studies showed that exsheathment was significantly disturbed after contact with tannin-rich extracts. However, the role of important factors (extract concentration, parasite species) has not been assessed and no information is available on the occurrence in vivo. These questions represent the objectives of this study. The model incorporated the parasites Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis with sainfoin as the bioactive plant. A set of in vitro assays was performed, measuring the changes observed, after 3 h of contact with increasing concentrations of sainfoin, on the rate of artificial exsheathment. The results indicated that sainfoin extracts interfered with exsheathment in a dose-dependent manner and the process overall was similar for both nematodes. The restoration of control values observed after adding PEG to extracts confirms a major role for tannins. A second study was performed in vivo on rumen-cannulated sheep fed with different proportions of sainfoin in the diet to verify these in vitro results. The consumption of a higher proportion of sainfoin was indeed associated with significant delays in Haemonchus exsheathment. Overall, the results confirmed that interference with the early step of nematode infection might be one of the modes of action that contributes to the anthelmintic properties of tanniniferous plants.

Keywords

sainfoinparasitic nematodelarval exsheathmenttanninsHaemonchus contortusTrichostrongylus colubriformisrumen-cannulated sheep
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 134 , Issue 9 , August 2007 , pp. 1253 - 1262
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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