Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T18:49:27.163Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Schistosome vaccines: current progress and future prospects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. Sher ,
Stephanie L. James ,
R. Correa-Oliveira ,
Sara Hieny  and
E. Pearce
A. Sher
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Stephanie L. James
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. 20037, USA
R. Correa-Oliveira
Affiliation:
Centro de Pesquisas ‘Rene Rachou’, Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil
Sara Hieny
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
E. Pearce
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Vaccination against human schistosomes in laboratory hosts is now a reality. A number of different parasite molecules have been shown to confer partial protective immunity against challenge infection with Schistosoma mansoni or Schistosoma japonicum in rodent or primate hosts. These antigens are unusually diverse in their structure and stage specificity. Interestingly, although all of the vaccine molecules characterized are situated in the tegument, their exposure on the parasite surface, in most instances, is transient and/or non-essential. The properties of four of these immunogens, glutathione-S-transferase (P26,28), paramyosin (Sm97), GP38, and GP18 are discussed. Despite the identification and recombinant synthesis of several promising protective antigens, vaccination of humans against schistosomiasis remains in the realm of fantasy. At the technical level, a major problem is the failure of any of the current vaccine immunogens and immunization protocols to induce levels of resistance sufficient for significant reduction of human infection or disease. Once this important hurdle is passed, human immunization trials should be attempted as the potential beneficial impact of a vaccine against schistosomiasis remains enormous.

Keywords

schistosome vaccineshuman trialsvaccine immunogensfuture prospects
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 98 , supplement S1: Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology Volume 26:Vaccines and vaccination strategies , January 1989 , pp. S61 - S68
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Balloul, J. M., Sondermeyer, P., Dreyer, D., Capron, M., Grzych, J. M., Pierce, R. J., Carvallo, D., Lecocq, J. P. & Capron, A. (1987). Molecular cloning of a protective antigen against schistosomiasis. Nature, London 326, 149–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butterworth, A. E. (1988). Control of schistosomiasis in man. In The Biology of Parasitism (ed. Englund, P. T. and Sher, A.), pp. 43–59. New York: Alan R. Liss.Google Scholar
Capron, A., Dessaint, J. P., Capron, M., Ouma, J. H. & Butterworth, A. E. (1987). Immunity to schistosomes: progress toward a vaccine. Science 238, 1065–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coles, G. C., Bruce, J. I., Kinoti, G. K., Mutahi, W. T., Dias, E. P. & Katz, N. (1986). Drug resistance in schistosomiasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 80, 347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dalton, J. P., Tom, T. & Strand, M. (1987). Cloning of a cDNA encoding a surface antigen of Schistosoma mansoni recognized by sera of vaccinated mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 84, 4268–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
James, S. L. (1987). A review: Schistosoma spp. Progress toward a defined vaccine. Experimental Parasitology 63, 247–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, S. L., Correa-Oliveira, R., McCall, D. & Sher, A. (1985). Genetics of resistance to schistosomes. In Genetic Control of Host Resistance to Infection and Malignancy (ed. Skamene, E.), pp. 523–30. New York: Alan R. Liss.Google Scholar
James, S. L. & Pearce, E. J. (1988). The influence of adjuvant on induction of protective immunity by a non-living vaccine against schistosomiasis. Journal of Immunology 140, 2753–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanar, D., Pearce, E. J., James, S. L. & Sher, A. (1986). Identification of paramyosin as the schistosome antigen recognized by intradermally vaccinated mice. Science 234, 593–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangold, B. & Dean, D. A. (1986). Passive transfer with serum and IgG antibodies of irradiated cercariaeinduced resistance against Schistosoma mansoni in mice. Journal of Immunology 136, 2644–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto, V., Perry, C., Levine, R. J., Blanton, R., Mahmoud, A. A. F. & Aikawa, M. (1988). Paramyosin and actin in schistosomal teguments. Nature, London 333, 76–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mckerrow, J. H., Pino-heiss, S., Linoquist, R. & Werb, Z. (1985). Purification and characterization of an elastinolytic proteinase secreted by cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Biological Chemistry 260, 3703–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mclaren, D. J. & Smithers, S. R. (1987). The immune response to schistosomes in experimental hosts. In The Biology of Schistosomes: from Genes to Latrines (ed. Rollinson, D. and Simpson, A. J. G.), pp. 238–64. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Mitchell, G. F., Beall, J. A., Cruise, K. M., Tui, W. V. & Garcia, E. G. (1985). Antibody responses to the antigen Sj 26 of Schistosoma japonicum worms that is recognized by genetically resistant 129/J mice. Parasite Immunology 7, 165–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearce, E. J., James, S. L., Dalton, J. P., Barral, A., Ramos, C., Strand, M. & Sher, A. (1986). Immunochemical characterization and purification of Sm-97, a Schistosoma mansoni antigen monospecifically recognized by antibodies from mice protectively immunized with a non-living vaccine. Journal of Immunology 137, 3593–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearce, E. J., James, S. L., Hieny, S., Lanar, D. & Sher, A. (1988). Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni by vaccination with schistosome paramyosin (Sm 97), a non-surface parasite antigen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 85, 5678–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearce, E. J. & Sher, A. (1989). Three major surface antigens of Schistosoma mansoni are linked to the membrane by glycosylphosphatidyl inositol. Journal of Immunology (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schofield, L., Villaguiran, J., Ferreira, A., Schellekens, H., Nussenzweig, R. S. & Nussenzweig, V. (1987). Gamma interferon, CD8+ T cells and antibodies required for immunity to malaria sporozoites. Nature, London 330, 664–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, P. A., Pearce, E. J., Natovitz, P. & Sher, A. (1988). An approach for identifying protective leishmanial antigens by T cell cloning and immunoblotting. In Vaccines 88 (ed. Channock, R., Lerner, R. and Ginsberg, H.). Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Press (in the Press).Google Scholar
Sher, A., Hieny, S., James, S. & Asofsky, R. (1982). Mechanisms of protective immunity in mice vaccinated with irradiated cercariae. II. Analysis of immunity in hosts deficient in T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes or complement. Journal of Immunology 128, 1880–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sher, A. & James, S. (1988). Genetic control of vaccine-induced immunity against a parasitic helminth, Schistosoma mansoni. Bioessays 9, 163–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simpson, A. J. G. & Cioli, D. (1987). Progress towards a molecularly defined vaccine for schistosomiasis. Parasitology Today 3, 26–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D. B., Davern, K. M., Board, P. G., Tiu, W. V., Garcia, E.G. & Mitchell, G. F. (1987). The Mr 26000 antigen of Schistosoma japonicum recognized by resistant WEH1 129/J mice is a parasite glutathione 5-transferase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 83, 8703–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, J. A. & Warren, K. S. (1979). Selective primary health care: an interim strategy for disease control in developing countries. New England Journal of Medicine 301, 967–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, R. A. (1987). Cercariae to liver worms: development and migration in the mammalian host. In The Biology of Schistosomes from Genes to Latrines (ed. Rollinson, D. and Simpson, A. J. G.), pp. 115–46. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar