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Species and site contributions to β-diversity in fleas parasitic on the Palearctic small mammals: ecology, geography and host species composition matter the most

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2018

Boris R. Krasnov Open the ORCID record for Boris R. Krasnov [Opens in a new window] ,
Georgy I. Shenbrot ,
Elizabeth M. Warburton ,
Luther van der Mescht ,
Elena N. Surkova ,
Sergei G. Medvedev ,
Nadezhda Pechnikova ,
Natalia Ermolova ,
Boris K. Kotti  and
Irina S. Khokhlova
Boris R. Krasnov*
Affiliation:
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute of Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
Georgy I. Shenbrot
Affiliation:
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute of Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
Elizabeth M. Warburton
Affiliation:
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute of Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
Luther van der Mescht
Affiliation:
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute of Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
Elena N. Surkova
Affiliation:
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute of Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Sergei G. Medvedev
Affiliation:
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
Nadezhda Pechnikova
Affiliation:
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia V.A. Almazov National North-West Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15b Parkhomenko pr., Saint-Petersburg194156, Russia
Natalia Ermolova
Affiliation:
Stavropol Antiplague Scientific Research Institute, Sovetskaya str. 13/15, Stavropol 355035, Russia
Boris K. Kotti
Affiliation:
North Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin St. 1, Stavropol 355000, Russia
Irina S. Khokhlova
Affiliation:
Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
*
Author for correspondence: Boris R. Krasnov, E-mail: krasnov@bgu.ac.il
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Abstract

The β-diversity of fleas parasitic on small mammals in 45 regions of the Palearctic was partitioned into species [species contributions to β-diversity (SCBD)] and site ( = assemblage) contributions [local contributions to β-diversity (LCBD)]. We asked what are the factors affecting SCBD and LCBD and tested whether (a) variation in ecological, morphological, life history and geographic traits of fleas can predict SCBD and (b) variation in flea and host community metrics, off-host environmental factors, host species composition of flea assemblages can predict LCBD. We used spatial variables to describe geographic distribution of flea assemblages with various LCBD values. SCBD significantly increased with an increase in abundance and a decrease in phylogenetic host specificity of a flea as well as with size and latitude of its geographic range, but was not associated with any morphological/life history trait. LCBD of flea assemblages did not depend on either flea or host species richness or environmental predictors, but was significantly affected by compositional uniqueness ( = LCBD) of regional host assemblages and variables describing their species composition. In addition, variation in LCBD was also explained by broad-to-moderate-scale spatial variables. We conclude that SCBD of fleas could be predicted via their ecological and geographic traits, whereas LCBD of their assemblages could be predicted via host composition.

Keywords

β-diversityenvironmentfleashostsPalearctictraits
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 5 , April 2019 , pp. 653 - 661
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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