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Rethinking stereotype reliance: Understanding the connection between female candidates and gender stereotypes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2016

Nichole M. Bauer
Nichole M. Bauer*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1100 E. Seventh Street, Bloomington, IN 47405 nmbauer@indiana.edu
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Abstract

Increasing numbers of female candidates are running for Congress in American national elections. Despite the rise in female candidates running for office, women are not significantly increasing their presence in the House and Senate. A much hypothesized influence over the electoral fates of female candidates is the role of gender stereotypes. However, political science scholars have struggled to pinpoint the effect of stereotypes on vote choice, if there is any effect. This essay compares the way social psychology and political science scholars theoretically, conceptually and empirically test for gender stereotype influence over evaluations of female candidates and politicians. Differences emerge in the theoretical assumptions made in the two disciplines, the types of measures used in research, and the empirical tests conducted to demonstrate the presence or absence of stereotypes in evaluations of women. The discussion explores how scholars studying female candidates and politicians can integrate insights from social psychology to clarify the role of stereotypes in candidate evaluation and choice.

Keywords

Gender stereotypesfemale candidateswomen in politicsgender prejudicestereotype activationstereotype reliancecounter-stereotypic information
Type
Research Articles
Information
Politics and the Life Sciences , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , Spring 2013 , pp. 22 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Politics and the Life Sciences 

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