We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 May 2014
Ten years ago the prehistoric soil of Europe was literally riddled with ‘pit dwellings’ in which our ancestors slept and cooked, huddled together like soldiers in a bell tent. I suppose it was wraithes from Tacitus and Xiphilinus combining in the minds of 16th century antiquaries with more exact travellers' tales of the earth lodges of the Red Indians that caused this overcrowding of the pits. For the holes in the ground are there right enough: it is only in the last ten years that Bersu and Paret have evicted their human occupants to make room for the pigs and weevils these would properly accommodate. Thanks to them we realize that neither Stone Age Danubians nor Iron Age Britons were housed in subterranean silos or semi-subterranean sties. But it is only fair to remark that Laszlo and Marton in Hungary and Schuchhardt in Germany before the first world war had identified commodious houses built above the ground on a frame of stout posts. Today it is plain that such farm houses were normal from the beginning of the new stone age wherever excavators' technique is adequate for their recognition, and it is to their description that I must devote most of this sketch.
page 77 note 1 Buttler, and Haberey, , Das bandkeramische Dorf Köln-Lindenthal; Germania, XXI (1937), 213–7Google Scholar (Ansbach near Cassel).
page 77 note 2 Germania, XXI, 219Google Scholar.
page 78 note 1 Germania, XXVI (1942), 90 ffGoogle Scholar.
page 78 note 2 Westfalen, XIX (1934), 100Google Scholar.
page 79 note 1 Wiadomosci Archeol., XV (1938), 1–105Google Scholar.
page 79 note 2 Germania, XX (1936), 230Google Scholar.
page 79 note 3 Schmidt, R. R., Steinzeitliche Siedelungen im Federseemoor, Augsburg and Stuttgart, 1930–1937Google Scholar.
page 79 note 4 Childe, , Danube in Prehistory, 99Google Scholar.
page 79 note 5 LAAA., XVII (1930), 23Google Scholar; it was only 6.6 by 5 m. and Kozlowski's plan leaves much to be desired. On the other hand some of the ploshchadki at Kolomishchina seem to have been larger and were certainly two-roomed.
page 79 note 6 Heierli, and Scherer, , ‘Die neolithische Pfahlbauten des ehemaligen Wauwilersees’, Mitt. d. Naturforschenden Gesell. in Luzern, IX, 1924Google Scholar.
page 79 note 7 MAGZ., XXIX, 163 ffGoogle Scholar.
page 81 note 1 Reinerth, in Mannus, Erganz. Band, VI, 214–8Google Scholar.
page 81 note 2 Altschlesien, V, 62Google Scholar.
page 81 note 3 Germania, XXI, 149–158Google Scholar.
page 81 note 4 Schmidt, op. cit., vol. II.
page 82 note 1 BJ., 143–4, pp. 355–6.
page 82 note 2 J. Böhm, Kronika Objeveneho Veku, fig. 25 and pl. 21.
page 82 note 3 ibid., p. 201; cf., Fewkes, , Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., LXXI, 1932Google Scholar.
page 82 note 4 Wace, and Thompson, , Prehistoric Thessaly, 53, 80Google Scholar.
page 82 note 5 AJA., XLVIII (1944), pp. 342–8Google Scholar.
page 83 note 1 Wace and Thompson, op. cit., 115–8.
page 83 note 2 Schmidt, R. R., Die Burg Vucedol, Zagreb, 1945, p. 25Google Scholar. (Apsidal 2.10 m. long by 1.65 m. wide).
page 83 note 3 Tripil'ska Kul'tura na Ukraini, Kiev, 1926, 43–66Google Scholar.
page 83 note 4 Suriatowit, XVI, Warsaw, 1936, h. 164Google Scholar.
page 84 note 1 Vassits, , Prehistor. Vinca, I (Belgrad, 1932), 12–13Google Scholar.
page 84 note 2 Goldman, , Eutresis, p. 43Google Scholar, fig. 47.
page 84 note 3 AJA., XXXVIII (1934), 229Google Scholar.
page 84 note 4 Tsountas, , Ἁι ηροϊστορικαὶ Ἀκροπόλεις Διμινίον καὶ Σέσκλομ, 52, 100, 104Google Scholar.
page 84 note 5 JNES., IV (1945) b. 267Google Scholar.
page 84 note 6 Fra Nationalmuseets Arbejdsmark, 1949; the later houses at Ornekul, measuring 5 m. by 4.3 m., were also entered through the long side; cf. Acta Arch., VII (1936)Google Scholar.
page 85 note 1 Winther, J., Troldebjerg, Rudkobing, 1935Google Scholar.
page 84 note 2 Winther, J., Troldebjerg, Tillaeg, 1938Google Scholar.
page 86 note 1 Sprockhoff, E., Die nordische Megalithkultur, Berlin, 1938, 132Google Scholar; Offa, I (1936), 77Google Scholar; cf. e.g., Grimm, , JST., XXIX (1938), 32Google Scholar.
page 86 note 2 Tripil'ska Kul'tura, Kiev, 1941, 17Google Scholar.
page 86 note 3 BJ., 127 (1922), III;
page 86 note 4 PZ., V (1913), pp. 161–5Google Scholar.
