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Crop Performance and Weed Suppression by Weed-Suppressive Rice Cultivars in Furrow- and Flood-Irrigated Systems under Reduced Herbicide Inputs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

David R. Gealy ,
Merle Anders ,
Bradley Watkins  and
Sara Duke
David R. Gealy*
Affiliation:
Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Stuttgart, AR 72160
Merle Anders
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160
Bradley Watkins
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160
Sara Duke
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Area, College Station, TX 77845
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: David.Gealy@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Weed control in rice is challenging, particularly in light of increased resistance to herbicides in weed populations and diminishing availability of irrigation water. Certain indica rice cultivars can produce high yields and suppress weeds in conventional flood-irrigated, drill-seeded systems in the southern United States under reduced herbicide inputs, but their response to reduced irrigation inputs in these systems in not known. Rice productivity and weed control by weed-suppressive cultivars and conventional nonsuppressive cultivars were evaluated in a nonflooded furrow-irrigated (FU) system and a conventionally flooded (FL) system under three levels of weed management (herbicide inputs) in a 3-yr field study. Rice yields across all weed management levels yielded ∼ 76% less in the FU system than in the FL system. The allelopathic indica cultivar, ‘PI 312777’, and commercial hybrid rice ‘CLXL729’ generally produced the highest grain yields and greatest suppression of barnyardgrass in both irrigation systems. ‘Bengal’ and ‘Wells’ were the top-yielding conventional cultivars whereas ‘Lemont’ and ‘CL171AR’ yielded the least. Weed suppression by PI 312777 and CLXL729 under “medium” weed management was equivalent to that of Lemont and CL171AR at the “high” management level, suggesting that the weed-suppressive cultivars may be able to compensate for suboptimal herbicide inputs or incomplete weed control.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauvrice, Oryza sativa L., ‘Bengal’, ‘CLXL729’, ‘Lemont’, ‘PI 312777’, ‘Wells’.Allelopathybed-planted riceacifluorfenbentazonclomazonefenoxapropflood irrigationfurrow irrigationglyphosatehalosulfuronherbicidespropanilquincloracweed controlweed suppression
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , June 2014 , pp. 303 - 320
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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