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Within-field soil heterogeneity effects on herbicide-mediated crop injury and weed biomass

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Martin M. Williams II ,
David A. Mortensen ,
Alex R. Martin  and
David B. Marx
David A. Mortensen
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Alex R. Martin
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
David B. Marx
Affiliation:
Department of Biometry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0712
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Abstract

Soil organic carbon (OC), clay content, water content, and pH often influence the bioactivity of soil-applied herbicides, and these soil properties can vary greatly within fields. The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of within-field soil heterogeneity on the efficacy of RPA-201772 where corn, shattercane, and velvetleaf were seeded as bioassays. An experimental approach was developed to quantify RPA-201772 dose–response across a range of soil conditions in an agricultural field. Based on a logistic model, crop injury was quantified with the I20 parameter, the dose eliciting 20% greenness reduction, using a series of photographic standards. Weed biomass was quantified with the I80 parameter, the dose eliciting 80% biomass reduction, relative to the untreated control. Crop and weed responses varied by two orders of magnitude. Significant correlation, as high as 0.76, was observed between measures of plant response and soil properties, namely particle size and OC. Furthermore, native velvetleaf spatial distribution at the study site was heterogeneous, and seedlings were observed in plots where seeded velvetleaf biomass was high. Spatial heterogeneity of soil affinity for herbicide results in differential weed fitness and contributes to weed “patchiness.”

Keywords

RPA-201772, 5-cyclopropyl-4-(2-methylsulphonyl-4-trifluoromethyl-benzoyl)isoxazolecorn, Zea mays L.shattercane, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. SORBIvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ABUTHDose–responsesite-specificspatial
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 49 , Issue 6 , December 2001 , pp. 798 - 805
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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