Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T10:03:59.162Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A holistic carrot production system for season-long weed management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2020

Jed B. Colquhoun*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Richard A. Rittmeyer
Affiliation:
Senior Research Specialist, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Daniel J. Heider
Affiliation:
Distinguished Outreach Specialist, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Jed B. Colquhoun, Department of Horticulture, 1575 Linden Dr., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706. (Email: colquhoun@wisc.edu)

Abstract

Weed management in carrot is challenging, given slow and inconsistent crop emergence and early-season growth and the lack of practical season-long management tools such as herbicides. We investigated holistic carrot production systems with a focus on minimizing inputs while optimizing resource use. In an overall sense, results of this work were consistent between years, and stark. The choice of carrot variety had a moderate influence on carrot foliar canopy development and, subsequently, weed density. For example, ‘Cupar’ carrot formed a complete crop canopy sooner than the other dicer-type ‘Canada’ variety. Likely as a result, density of weed species such as spotted ladysthumb and common lambsquarters was less where ‘Cupar’ was grown compared with where ‘Canada’ was grown. Gibberellic acid as a foliar application was not successful in these studies and, in a few cases, may have even increased weed-seed germination and establishment. Adding two carrot rows to the current regional industry-standard three-row bed system not only enhanced competitiveness with weeds but also improved carrot yield without additional fertilizer, water, or pest management inputs. By far, though, the most successful strategy to reduce weed density while maintaining or improving carrot yield was to delay seeding by 17 to 19 d. We anticipate more holistic production system research that integrates low-input alternatives in other crops as herbicide-resistant weeds proliferate while few new herbicides are developed. As was demonstrated in this research, such novel approaches can be successful without adding significant economic burden to the farmer or increasing risk of crop failure.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Robert Nurse, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

References

Bellinder, RR, Kirkwyland, JJ, Wallace, RW (1997) Carrot (Daucus carota) and weed response to linuron and metribuzin applied at different crop stages. Weed Technol 11:235240 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coelho, M, Bianco, S, Carvalho, LB (2009) Weed interference on carrot crop (Daucus carota). Planta Daninha 27:913920 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colquhoun, J, Chapman, S, Gevens, A, Groves, R, Heider, D, Jensen, B, Nice, G, Ruark, M, Wang, Y (2020) Commercial Vegetable Production in Wisconsin. UW-Extension Bulletin A3422. https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0145/8808/4272/files/A3422-2020.pdf. Accessed: May 14, 2020Google Scholar
Colquhoun, J, Rittmeyer, R, Heider, D (2017) Tolerance and suppression of weeds varies among carrot varieties. Weed Technol 31:897902 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freitas, FC, Almeida, MEL, Negreiros, MZ, Honorato, ARF, Mesquita, HC, Silva, SVOF. (2009) Periods of weed interference in carrot in function of spacing between rows. Planta Daninha 27:473480 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2020) The international survey of herbicide resistant weeds. weedscience.org. Accessed: May 14, 2020Google Scholar
Swanton, CJ, O’Sullivan, J, Robinson, DE (2010) The critical weed-free period in carrot. Weed Sci 58:229233 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, TH, Barnes, A, Rankin, WEF, Hole, CC (1983) Dry matter distribution between the shoot and storage root of carrot (Daucus carota L.). II. Effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid. Ann Bot 51:189199 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Heemst, HD (1985) The influence of weed competition on crop yield. Agric Syst 18:8193 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
William, RD, Warren, GF (1975) Competition between purple nutsedge and vegetables. Weed Sci 23:317323 CrossRefGoogle Scholar