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Morphometric investigation of the Pentremites fauna from the Glen Dean Formation, Kentucky

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

James W. Atwood  and
Colin D. Sumrall
James W. Atwood
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA,
Colin D. Sumrall
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA,
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Abstract

New techniques involving three-dimensional (3D) data collection and landmark analysis provide an opportunity to make considerable advances in understanding blastoid morphology. This pilot study examines four species (Pentremites pyriformis, P. tulipaformis, P. fredericki n. sp. and P. meganae n. sp.) using 3D morphological variation and geometric morphometrics to discriminate between species. All specimens were collected from a single shale unit within the Upper Mississippian Glen Dean Formation near Hopkinsville, Kentucky. A 3D laser scanner was used to acquire 3D images for all specimens. Conservative blastoid thecal plating allowed the collection of 3D coordinates for a series of homologous landmarks from these laser images that fully describe specimen morphology. Data were analyzed using the R (language and environment for statistical computing and graphics) packages SHAPES and MCLUST. Mixture modeling identified and separated all four species based on shape alone. In addition, three new species were discovered during this study, including: Pentremites fredericki, P. meganae and Diploblastus fadigai.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 86 , Issue 5 , September 2012 , pp. 813 - 828
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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