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Planum temporale asymmetry and ear advantage in dichotic listening in developmental dyslexia and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2002

LORI M. FOSTER ,
GEORGE W. HYND ,
ALLISON E. MORGAN  and
KENNETH HUGDAHL
LORI M. FOSTER
Affiliation:
Virginia Beach City Public Schools, Virginia Beach City, Virginia
GEORGE W. HYND
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
ALLISON E. MORGAN
Affiliation:
Baltimore Public Schools, Baltimore, Maryland
KENNETH HUGDAHL
Affiliation:
University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Abstract

The planum temporale is clearly involved in language processing, for it serves as the auditory association cortex. Research has consistently demonstrated that 60 to 70% of the population has leftward asymmetry of the planum temporale. Research has also suggested that dyslexic individuals tend to have either rightward asymmetry or symmetrical plana. Moreover, many studies have found a relationship between the presence of dyslexia and/or language impairment and deficits in the normal right ear advantage found in dichotic listening paradigms. In this context, this study examined the relationship between planum temporale asymmetry and ear preference in dichotic listening performance in children with Developmental Dyslexia and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Subjects included 19 children with dyslexia (10 of whom had a comorbid diagnosis of ADHD), 23 children with ADHD, and 12 diagnosed normal control children. Dichotic listening data were not collected for 8 of the 12 normal control children and for 3 of the 23 ADHD children. Results revealed no significant difference between ADHD and dyslexic subjects in regard to ear advantage on the free recall dichotic listening task. In addition, although the directed dichotic listening tasks were not related to degree of planum asymmetry, as predicted, results indicated that subjects who consistently displayed an atypical left ear advantage tended to have larger right bank lengths than those who consistently displayed a typical right ear advantage. These findings support the notion that some individuals with dyslexia or language deficits tend to have a larger right planum temporale and that performance on dichotic listening tasks may reflect this relatively unusual pattern. (JINS, 2002, 8, 22–36.)

Keywords

Dichotic listeningPlanum temporaleDyslexiaADHD
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 8 , Issue 1 , January 2002 , pp. 22 - 36
Copyright
© 2002 The International Neuropsychological Society

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