Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T23:55:52.368Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Vernalization responses of field grown jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), winter wheat, and spring wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Lynn Fandrich  and
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, 107 Crop Science Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3002
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Numerous studies have quantified the developmental responses of wheat to vernalization, but its response compared to a weedy relative, jointed goatgrass, remains relatively unknown. Six paired jointed goatgrass collections gathered from Washington and Oregon fields, and winter and spring wheat, were grown in field studies to quantify yield and germination in response to vernalization. Monthly planting dates initiated in October and concluded in March were used to vary the vernalization durations for plants sown at three Oregon locations (Corvallis, Moro, and Pendleton) over two growing seasons. Minimum vernalization requirements to produce reproductive spikes were similar among plants of six jointed goatgrass collections. Jointed goatgrass collections grown at Corvallis required a minimum of 89 and 78 vernalization days (January 17, 2003 and January 22, 2004 sowing, respectively) to produce reproductive spikes, and plants grown at Moro required 60 vernalization days (March 3 and February 23) in both years, and 48 and 44 vernalization days (March 3 and February 24) were required by plants to produce spikes at Pendleton. Jointed goatgrass spikelet and winter wheat seed yield were positively influenced by vernalization days, experiment location, and year. The strength of the interactions among these main effects differed among jointed goatgrass collections and winter wheat. The effects of vernalization on jointed goatgrass yields and seed quality were more pronounced at Pendleton, OR, a location where jointed goatgrass has adapted, compared to Corvallis, OR, where it has not adapted. The minimum vernalization days required to produce germinable seed differed among jointed goatgrass collections, winter and spring wheat. There was not a selection of spring-adapted jointed goatgrass populations in the populations tested. Yet if spring temperatures are cool, minimum conditions for vernalization may be satisfied, and the benefits of planting spring crops to control jointed goatgrass would be reduced.

Keywords

Jointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica Host AEGCYwinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Madsen’spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., ‘Penawawa.’Germinationgrowing degree daysreproductive tillersvernalization daysyield
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 695 - 704
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Allan, R. E., Patterson, C. J. Jr., Rubenthaler, G. L., Line, R. F., and Roberts, D. E. 1989. Registration of Madsen wheat. Crop Sci 29:1575–1576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baloch, D. M., Karow, R. S., Marx, E., Kling, J. G., and Witt, M. D. 2003. Vernalization studies with Pacific Northwest wheat. Agron. J 95:1201–1208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chouard, P. 1960. Vernalization and its relation to dormancy. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol 11:191–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, J. P. 1956. Developmental analysis of populations in the cereals and herbage grasses. I. Methods and techniques. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 47:262–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copeland, L. O. and McDonald, M. B. 2001. Principles of Seed Science and Technology. 4th ed. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic. 467 p.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. 1984. Vernalization requirements for flowering of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci 32:631–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dotray, P. A. and Young, F. L. 1988. Rooting development and its relationship to shoot growth in jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci 41:74.Google Scholar
Fenster, C. R. and Wicks, G. A. 1976. Jointed goatgrass. Lincoln. NE: University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service G 75-210. 2 p.Google Scholar
Flood, R. G. and Halloran, G. M. 1986. Genetics and physiology of vernalization response in wheat. Adv. Agron 39:87–125.Google Scholar
Haley, S. D., Lazar, M. D., Quick, J. S., Johnson, J. J., Peterson, G. L., Stromberger, J. A., Clayshulte, S. R., Clifford, B. L., Pester, T. A., Nissen, S. J., Westra, P. H., Peairs, F. B., and Rudolph, J. B. 2003. Above winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci 83:107–108.Google Scholar
Hanavan, D., Ogg, A. Jr., and White, T. 2004. Aegilops cylindrica (jointed goatgrass)—Executive Summary of the National Jointed Goatgrass Research Program CSREES–USDA Special Grant. http://www.jointedgoatgrass.org/.Google Scholar
Hegde, S. G., Waines, J. G., and Valkoun, J. 2002. Genetic diversity in wild and weedy Aegilops, Amblyopyrum, and Secale species—a preliminary survey. Crop Sci 42:608–614.Google Scholar
Johnston, C. O. and Heyne, E. G. 1960. Distribution of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) in Kansas. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci 63:239–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, C. O. and Parker, J. H. 1929. Aegilops cylindrica Host, a wheat-field weed in Kansas. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci 32:80–84.Google Scholar
Karow, R., Marx, E., McDonald, S., Bafus, R., Bohle, M., Eldredge, E., Hayes, P., Peterson, J., Reed, G., Shock, C., and Smiley, D. 2000. Winter grain varieties for 2000. Revised June 2000. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Ext. and Exp. Stn. Commun., Special Report No. 775.Google Scholar
Lazar, J. S., Haley, S. D., Quick, J. S., Johnson, J. J., Peterson, G. L., Stromberger, J. A., Clayshulte, S. R., Clifford, B. L., Pester, T. A., Nissen, S. J., Westra, P. H., Peairs, F. B., and Rudolph, J. B. 2003. AP502 CL winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci 83:109–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, J. and Peterson, M. L. 1972. Responses of spring wheats to vernalization and photoperiod. Crop Sci 12:487–490.Google Scholar
Morrison, K. J., Konzak, C. F., Reisenauer, P., Davis, M., and Rubenthaler, G. L. 1988. Penawawa Spring Wheat. Pullman, WA: Washington State University Report No. 1482. 2 p.Google Scholar
Nuttonson, M. Y. 1955. Wheat–Climate Relationships and the Use of Phenology in Ascertaining the Thermal and Photo-Thermal Requirements of Wheat. Washington, D.C.: Am. Inst. Crop Ecol. 388 p.Google Scholar
Ogg, A. G. 1993. Jointed goatgrass survey−1993. Magnitude and scope of the problem. Pages 6–12 in Westra, P. and Anderson, R. L. eds. Jointed Goatgrass: A Threat to U.S. Winter Wheat. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University.Google Scholar
Pester, T. A., Ward, S. M., Fenwick, A. L., Westra, P., and Nissen, S. J. 2003. Genetic diversity of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) determined with RAPD and AFLP markers. Weed Sci 51:287–293.Google Scholar
Quick, J. S. (ed.). 1994. Annual Wheat Newsletter. http://grain.jouy.inra.fr/ggpages/awn/40/.Google Scholar
Quinn, M. 2004. Physiological Maturation of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) Caryopses and Best Management Practices for Jointed Goatgrass in the Intermountain Region. . Moscow, ID: University of Idaho. 60 p.Google Scholar
Rawson, H. M., Zajac, M., and Penrose, L. D. J. 1998. Effect of seedling temperature and its duration on development of wheat cultivars differing in vernalization response. Field Crops Res 57:289–300.Google Scholar
Richardson, J. M., Morrow, L. A., and Gealy, D. R. 1986. Floral induction of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) as influenced by temperature and photoperiod. Weed Sci 34:698–703.Google Scholar
Ritchie, J. T., Singh, U., Godwin, D. C., and Bowen, W. T. 1998. Cereal growth, development and yield. Pages 79–98 in Tsuji, G. Y., Hoogenboom, G., and Thornton, P. K. eds. Understanding Options for Agricultural Production. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar
Silvertown, J. and Charlesworth, D. 2001. Introduction to plant population biology. United Kingdom: Blackwell Science. 347 p.Google Scholar
Sutton, R. L. and Bacon, R. K. 1988. Vernalization requirement of wheat cultivars. Arkansas Farm Res. Arkansas Agric. Exp. Stn 37:19.Google Scholar
Veseth, R. 1988. Jointed goatgrass seed longevity. Chapter 5, No. 9. Pacific Northwest Conservation Farming Handbook. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University; Moscow, ID: University of Idaho; Pullman, WA: Washington State University.Google Scholar
Walenta, D. L., Yenish, J. P., Young, F. L., and Ball, D. A. 2002. Vernalization response of plants grown from spikelets of spring and fall cohorts of jointed goatgrass. Weed Sci 50:461–465.Google Scholar
Wall, P. C. and Cartwright, P. M. 1974. Effects of photoperiod, temperature, and vernalization on the phenology and spikelet numbers of spring wheats. Ann. Appl. Biol 72:299–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, F. L., Yenish, J. P., Walenta, D. L., Ball, D. A., and Alldrege, J. R. 2003. Spring-germinating jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) produces viable spikelets in spring-seeded wheat. Weed Sci 51:379–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar