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Germination Requirements Differ between Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl Resistant and Susceptible Japanese Foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus) Biotypes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Xibao Wu ,
Teng Zhang ,
Lang Pan ,
Lingyue Wang ,
Hongle Xu  and
Liyao Dong
Xibao Wu
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Teng Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Lang Pan
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Lingyue Wang
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Hongle Xu
Affiliation:
Institute of Plant Protection, Henan province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control in Henan province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Liyao Dong*
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dly@njau.edu.cn
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Abstract

Herbicide-resistant (R biotype) and -sensitive (S biotype) individuals were identified from the same population, and seed was increased for each biotype for three generations. We conducted laboratory experiments to determine the effects of temperature, light, salt stress, osmotic stress, pH, and burial depth on the germination and emergence of resistant and sensitive biotypes of Japanese foxtail. The results revealed that there was no difference in the final germination rate between the two biotypes under different temperature conditions, but time to obtain 50% germination or emergence (tE50) and mean germination time of the R biotype were higher than that of the S biotype at 10 C and 15/10 C 12-h day/night regime. In dark conditions, the final germination rate of the S biotype was higher and lower than that of the R biotype at 10 and 25 C, respectively. The overall germination rate of the R biotype was lower than that in the S biotype, and extended germination time was required in extreme conditions, such as 250 mM NaCl and −0.4 MPa osmotic potential. The change in environmental pH had no effect on the germination of the two biotypes. Emergence of the R biotype was lower than the S biotype when seed was buried at least 8 cm deep in an organic matter substrate. This study demonstrated the pleiotropic effects of a resistance allele on seed germination and emergence under different environmental conditions. Deep tillage could be used to reduce the growth and spread of resistant Japanese foxtail individuals.

Keywords

Fenoxaprop-P-ethylJapanese foxtail, Alopecurus japonicus SteudLightosmotic potentialpHsalt stressseed burial depthtemperature
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 653 - 663
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Ramon G. Leon, University of Florida.

References

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