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Stratigraphy and environmental reconstruction at the middle Wisconsinan Gilman Canyon formation type locality, Buzzard's Roost, southwestern Nebraska, USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

William C. Johnson ,
Karen L. Willey ,
Joseph A. Mason  and
David W. May
William C. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7613, USA
Karen L. Willey
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7613, USA
Joseph A. Mason
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1491, USA
David W. May
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0406, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Fax: +1 785 864 5378. E-mail address:wcj@ku.edu (W.C. Johnson).
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Abstract

The middle Wisconsinan Gilman Canyon Formation at the Buzzard's Roost type locality in southwestern Nebraska was investigated to document the stratigraphy and to reconstruct the environmental and climate record. The Gilman Canyon Formation was subdivided into three loess units and three soils, with radiocarbon ages constraining it between about 40 ka and 25 ka. Stable carbon isotope ratios, magnetic susceptibility, and carbon content were used to define and characterize soils within both the Gilman Canyon Formation and underlying Illinoian Loveland Loess. At the height of soil development within the Gilman Canyon Formation, climate was supporting C4-dominated grassland, with July temperatures equal to or exceeding those of today. Soil-forming intervals within the Loveland Loess, including the Sangamon Soil, also exhibited relative increases in C4 biomass. Climate, as recorded in the Gilman Canyon Formation, is corroborated by regional proxy data. The formation accumulated during MIS 3, and concurrent soil formation coincided with a summer insolation maximum.

Keywords

PaleoclimateLoessMiddle WisconsinanGilman Canyon FormationLoveland LoessMIS 3Stable isotopesMagnetic susceptibilityBuzzards RoostNebraska
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , May 2007 , pp. 474 - 486
Copyright
University of Washington

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