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In Palæolithic times when each family was self-contained, before social laws and customs had bound such units together to form tribes and clans, the hunters, for such they all were, followed their quarry through the forests and along the valleys, keeping to no set trackways. They needed none, for trackways imply thoroughfares to and from fixed sites or habitations—and the Palaeolithic hunter was a nomad.
When the amalgamation of families took place in early Neolithic or Epipalaeolithic times, no doubt the marsh-dwellers had recognized paths across the swamps to the mainland, and those who formed the shell-mounds of Ertebolle may have used beaten paths along the shore from estuary to estuary.
1 Mr A. Keiller has recently found at Windmill Hill, near Avebury, several saddle querns and grain rubbers associated with round-bottomed bowls. This appears to be the earliest proof of corn growing in Britain, but Kossina credits the Ertebolle peoples of Denmark with the cultivation of local grains (see Childe, , Dawn of European Civilization, p. 16)Google Scholar.
2 Wilts. Arch. & Nut. Hist. Mag., xlii, 457.
3 Ibid. xliii, 59.
4 The great sheep fairs at Yarnbury Castle, Weyhill and Tan Hill may owe their origin to their position on the junctions of such roads.
5 Antiq. Jour., ii, 27 and W. A. & N. H. M., xliii, 313.
6 Arch. Jour. (1920), 27, 27.Google Scholar
7 To be published shortly in Wessex from the Air.
8 Arch.Jour. (1919), 26, 193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9 Very similar in design to Chiselbury.
10 Mr Newall’s excavations have proved this site to date from La Tène III.
11 Just after the war I examined a portion of the rampart on the north side that had been damaged by a bomb and in the material forming the rampart found a large piece of pottery that is unquestionably Early Iron Age in date.
12 Crawford, . Observer, 4 Oct. 1925.Google Scholar
13 Freeman, Williams. Field Archceology (map at end of book).Google Scholar
14 Curwen. Sussex Arch. Coll. lxiv ; also Williamson. Brighton & Hove Arch. ii, P. 55.
15 Geographical Jour., lxi, 342.
16 The Antiquary, Nov. 1911 ; also Procs. Dorset N. H. & A. Field Club, 1925.
17 Wilts 6-inch O.S. 59 SW.
18 Curwen, Sussex Arch. Coll., Ixiv.
19 Curwen, , Brighton & Hove Arch., i, 36 Google Scholar ; also Freeman, Williams, Field Arch., P. 47.Google Scholar
20 Ancient Wilts., South, p. 244.Google Scholar
21 Curwen, Sussex Arch. Coll., lix. See also Warne, , Ancient Dorset, p. 25 Google Scholar. Philips, , The Rivers, Mountains and Sea Coast of Yorks., p. 215 Google Scholar. Rivers, Pitt , Brit. Assoc.Report, 1881, p. 690 Google Scholar. Greenwell, British Barrows, p. iii. Guest, Origines Celticæ, ii, p. 200. Cole, , Yorks. Geol. & Polytechnic Soc. Proc., 1888, p. 45 Google Scholar. Mortimer, Forty Years’ Researches, p. 379. Clark, Kitson, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Lond. xxiii, p. 309 Google Scholar. Wilts A. and N.H.M., xxxviii, p. 69.
22 For example see Wilts 6-inch o.s. 69, NE, SE, and NW.
23 Sussex Arch. Coil., Ixvii, 138–45.Google Scholar
24 W. A. & N. H. M., xliii, 435.
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