Abdy, R. (2006). “In the Pay of the Emperor: Coins from the Beaurains (Arras) Treasure.” In Constantine the Great: York's Roman Emperor, ed. Hartley, E., Hawkes, J., and Henig, M., with Mee, F., pp. 52–58. York.
Adler, W. (2008). “Early Christian Historians and Historiography.” In The Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Studies, ed. Harvey, S. A. and Hunter, D. G., pp. 584–602. Oxford.
Alcock, S. E. (2001). “The Reconfiguration of Memory in the Eastern Roman Empire.” In Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History, ed. Alcock, S. E., D'Altroy, T. N., Morrison, K. D., and Sinopoli, C. M., pp. 323–50. Cambridge.
Alföldi, A. (1932). “The Helmet of Constantine with the Christian Monogram.” Journal of Roman Studies 22:9–23.
Alföldi, A. (1947). “On the Foundation of Constantinople: A Few Notes.” Journal of Roman Studies 37:10–16.
Alföldi, A. (1948). The Conversion of Constantine and Pagan Rome, tr. H. Mattingly. Oxford.
Amerise, M. (2008). “Das Bild Konstantins des Großen in der Bibliothéke des Photios.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Das Bild des Kaisers im Wandel der Zeiten, ed. Goltz, A. and Schlange-Schöningen, H., pp. 23–34. Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 66. Cologne.
Amici, A. (2000). “Divus Constantinus: Le testimonianze epigrafiche.” Rivista storica dell'antichità 30:187–216.
Amis, M. (1991). Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence. London.
Arnold, J. J. (2008). “Theoderic, the Goths, and the Restoration of the Roman Empire.” Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of History, University of Michigan.
Ashby, T., and Fell, R. A. L. (1921). “The Via Flaminia.” Journal of Roman Studies 11:125–90.
Athanassiadi, P. (1981). Julian and Hellenism: An Intellectual Biography. Oxford.
Barnes, T. D. (1973). “Lactantius and Constantine.” Journal of Roman Studies 63:29–46. Reprinted in T. D. Barnes, Early Christianity and the Roman Empire, Chapter 6. London, 1984.
Barnes, T. D. (1975a). “Publilius Optatianus Porfyrius.” American Journal of Philology 96:173–86. Reprinted in T. D. Barnes, Early Christianity and the Roman Empire, Chapter 10. London, 1984.
Barnes, T. D. (1975b). “Two Senators under Constantine.” Journal of Roman Studies 64:40–49. Reprinted in T. D. Barnes, Early Christianity and the Roman Empire, Chapter 9. London, 1984.
Barnes, T. D. (1980). “The Editions of Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History.” Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 21:191–201. Reprinted in T. D. Barnes, Early Christianity and the Roman Empire, Chapter 20. London, 1984.
Barnes, T. D. (1981). Constantine and Eusebius. Cambridge, Mass.
Barnes, T. D. (1982). The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine. Cambridge, Mass.
Bastien, P. (1992–1994). Le buste monétaire des empereurs romains, 3 vols. Numismatique romaine, Essais, recherches et documents 19. Wetteren.
Bauer, F. A., and Heinzelmann, M. (1999). “The Constantinian Bishop's Church at Ostia: Preliminary Report on the 1998 Season.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 12:342–53.
Baynes, N. H. (1931). Constantine the Great and the Christian Church. The British Academy: The Raleigh Lecture on History 1929. London.
Beacham, R. C. (1999). Spectacle Entertainments of Early Imperial Rome. New Haven, Conn.
Beacham, R. C. (2005). “The Emperor as Impresario: Producing the Pageantry of Power.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Augustus, ed. Galinsky, K., pp. 151–74. Cambridge.
Beard, M., North, J., and Price, S. (1998). Religions of Rome, 2 vols. Cambridge.
Berger, A. (2008). “Legitimation und Legenden: Konstantin der Große und sein Bild in Byzanz.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Das Bild des Kaisers im Wandel der Zeiten, ed. Goltz, A. and Schlange-Schöningen, H., pp. 5–21. Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 66. Cologne.
Bleckmann, B. (1992). “Pagane Visionen Konstantins in der Chronik des Johannes Zonaras.” In Costantino il Grande dall'antichità all'umanesimo: Colloquio sul Cristianesimo nel mondo antico. Macerata 18–20 Dicembre 1990, ed. Bonamente, G. and Fusco, F., Vol. 1:151–70. Macerata.
Bleckmann, B. (2004). “Bemerkungen zum Scheitern des Mehrherrschaftssystems: Reichsteilung und Territorialanspruche.” In Diokletian und die Tetrarchie: Aspekte einer Zeitenwende, ed. Demandt, A., Goltz, A., and Schlange-Schöningen, H., pp. 74–94. Millennium-Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. 1. Berlin.
Bleckmann, B. (2006). “Späte historiographische Quellen zu Konstantin dem Grossen: Überblick und Fragestellungen.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 21–30. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Bleckmann, B. (2007). “Einleitung.” In H. Schneider (tr.), Eusebius von Caesarea, De vita Constantini: Über das Leben Konstantins, pp. 7–106. Fontes Christiani 83. Turnhout.
Blockley, R. C. (1981–1983). The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus, 2 vols. ARCA Classical and Medieval Texts, Papers and Monographs 6, 10. Liverpool.
Boor, C., ed. (1978). Georgii Monachi Chronicon, 2 vols. Corrected edition edited by Wirth, P.. Bibliotheca scriptorum graecorum et romanorum Teubneriana (Leipzig and Stuttgart). Stuttgart.
Bowersock, G. W. (2005). “Peter and Constantine.” In St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. Tronzo, W., pp. 5–15. Cambridge.
Bowes, K. (2008). Private Worship, Public Values, and Religious Change in Late Antiquity. Cambridge.
Brown, T. S. (1995). “Byzantine Italy, c. 680-c. 876.” In The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume II c. 700–c. 900, ed. McKitterick, R., pp. 320–48. Cambridge.
Brubaker, L. (1994). “To Legitimize an Emperor: Constantine and Visual Authority in the Eighth and Ninth Centuries.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 139–58. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Bruggisser, P. (2002). “Constantin aux Rostres.” In Historiae Augustae Colloquium Perusinum, ed. Bonamente, G. and Paschoud, F., pp. 73–91. Historiae Augustae Colloquia, n.s. 8 = Munera 18. Bari.
Bruun, C. (1995). “The Thick Neck of the Emperor Constantine: Slimy Snails and ‘Quellenforschung.’” Historia 44:459–80.
Bruun, P. M. (1954). “The Consecration Coins of Constantine the Great.” In Commentationes in honorem Edwin Linkomies sexagenarii A.D. MCMLIV editae, ed. Zilliacus, H. and Henriksson, K.-E. = Arctos n.s. 1:19–31.
Bruun, P. M. (1958). “The Disappearance of Sol from the Coins of Constantine.” Arctos n.s. 2:15–37. Reprinted in P. Bruun, Studies in Constantinian Numismatics: Papers from 1954 to 1988, pp. 37–48. Acta Instituti Romani Finlandiae 12. Rome, 1991.
Bruun, P. M. (1962). “The Christian Signs on the Coins of Constantine.” Arctos n.s. 3:5–35. Reprinted in P. Bruun, Studies in Constantinian Numismatics: Papers from 1954 to 1988, pp. 53–69. Acta Instituti Romani Finlandiae 12. Rome, 1991.
Bruun, P. M. (1966). The Roman Imperial Coinage, VII: Constantine and Licinius A.D. 313–337. London.
Bruun, P. M. (1997). “The Victorious Signs of Constantine: A Reappraisal.” Numismatic Chronicle 157:41–59.
Burckhardt, J. (1949). The Age of Constantine the Great, tr. M. Hadas. Reprinted Berkeley, 1983.
Burgess, R. W., ed. (1993). The Chronicle of Hydatius and the Consularia Constantinopolitana: Two Contemporary Accounts of the Final Years of the Roman Empire. Oxford Classical Monographs. Oxford.
Burgess, R. W. (1997). “The Dates and Editions of Eusebius' Chronici canones and Historia ecclesiastica.” Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 48:471–504.
Burgess, R. W., with Witakowski, W.. (1999a). Studies in Eusebian and Post-Eusebian Chronography. Historia, Einzelschriften 135. Stuttgart.
Burgess, R. W. (1999b). “ΑΧΥΡΩΝ or ΠΡΟΑΣΤΕΙΟΝ? The Location and Circumstances of Constantine's Death.” Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 50:153–161.
Burgess, R. W. (2008). “The Summer of Blood: The ‘Great Massacre’ of 337 and the Promotion of the Sons of Constantine.” Dumbarton Oaks Papers 62: 5–51.
Busch, A. W. (2007). “‘Militia in urbe’: The Military Presence in Rome.” In The Impact of the Roman Army (200 B.C.–A.D. 476): Economic, Social, Political, Religious and Cultural Aspects. Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, 200 B.C.–A.D. 476), Capri, March 29–April 2, 2005, ed. Blois, L. and Lo Cascio, E., with Hekster, O. and Kleijn, G., pp. 315–41. Impact of Empire 6. Leiden.
Cameron, Av. (1983). “Constantinus Christianus.” Journal of Roman Studies 73:184–90.
Cameron, Av. (1997). “Eusebius' Vita Constantini and the Construction of Constantine.” In Portraits: Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire, ed. Edwards, M. J. and Swain, S., pp. 145–74. Oxford.
Cameron, Av. (2005). “The Reign of Constantine, A.D. 306–337.” In The Cambridge Ancient History, Second Edition, Volume XII: The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193–337, ed. Bowman, A. K., Garnsey, P., and Cameron, Av., pp. 90–109. Cambridge.
Cameron, Av., and Hall, S. G., tr. (1999). Eusebius, Life of Constantine: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Oxford.
Cameron, Av., and Herrin, J., with Cameron, Al., Cormack, R., and Roueché, C. (1984). Constantinople in the Early Eighth Century: The Parastaseis Syntomoi Chronikai. Columbia Studies in the Classical Tradition 10. Leiden.
Carriker, A. (2003). The Library of Eusebius of Caesarea. Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae 67. Leiden.
Charron, A., and Heijmans, M. (2001). “L'obélisque du cirque d'Arles.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 14:373–80.
Chastagnol, A. (1962). Les fastes de la préfecture de Rome au Bas-Empire. Études prosopographiques 2. Paris.
Chausson, F. (2002a). “La famille du préfet Ablabius.” Pallas 60:205–29.
Chausson, F. (2002b). “Une soeur de Constantin: Anastasia.” In “Humana sapit”: Études d'antiquité tardive offertes à Lellia Cracco Ruggini, ed. Carrié, J.-M. and Testa, R. L., pp. 131–55. Bibliothèque de l'Antiquité tardive 3. Turnhout.
Chausson, F. (2007). Stemmata aurea: Constantine, Justine, Theodose. Revendications généalogiques et idéologie impériale au IVe siècle ap. J.-C. Centro ricerche e documentazione sull'antichità classica, Monografie 26. Rome.
Chenault, R. R. (2008). “Rome without Emperors: The Revival of a Senatorial City in the Fourth Century CE.” Ph.D. Dissertation, Interdepartmental Program in Greek and Roman History, University of Michigan.
Christensen, A. S. (1980). Lactantius the Historian: An Analysis of the De mortibus persecutorum. Opuscula Graecolatina 21. Copenhagen.
Christensen, T. (1983). “The So-Called Appendix to Eusebius' Historia Ecclesiastica VIII.” Classica et Mediaevalia 34:177–209.
Christensen, T. (1989). Rufinus of Aquileia and the Historia Ecclesiastica, Lib. VIII–IX, of Eusebius. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 58. Copenhagen.
Christie, N. (2006). From Constantine to Charlemagne: An Archaeology of Italy, A.D. 300–800. Aldershot.
Clarke, G. (2005). “Third-Century Christianity.” In The Cambridge Ancient History, Second Edition, Volume XII: The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193–337, ed. Bowman, A. K., Garnsey, P., and Cameron, Av., pp. 589–671. Cambridge.
Clauss, M. (2006). “Die alten Kulte in konstantinischer Zeit.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 39–47. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Coarelli, F. (1986). “L'urbs e il suburbio.” In Società romana e imperio tardoantico 2, Roma: Politica, economia, paesaggio urbano, ed. Giardina, A., pp. 1–58, 395–412. Rome.
Coarelli, F. (2007). Rome and Environs: An Archaeological Guide, tr. J. J. Clauss and D. P. Harmon. Berkeley, Calif.
Coates-Stephens, R. (2001). “Muri dei bassi secoli in Rome: Observations on the Re-Use of Statuary in Walls Found on the Esquiline and Caelian after 1870.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 14:217–38.
Coleman, K. (2000). “Entertaining Rome.” In Ancient Rome: The Archaeology of the Eternal City, ed. Coulston, J. and Dodge, H., pp. 210–58. Oxford University School of Archaeology, Monograph 54. Oxford.
Conlin, D. A., Haeckl, A. E., and Ponti, G. (2006/2007). “The Villa of Maxentius on the Via Appia: Report on the 2005 Excavations.” Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 51–52, pp. 347–70.
Conti, S., ed. (2004). Die Inschriften Kaiser Julians. Altertumswissenschaftliches Kolloquium, Interdisziplinäre Studien zur Antike und zu ihrem Nachleben 10. Stuttgart.
Cooley, A. E. (2009). Res Gestae Divi Augusti: Text, Translation, and Commentary. Cambridge.
Corbier, M. (2006). “L'écriture dans l'espace public romain.” In Corbier, M., Donner à voir, donner à lire: Mémoire et communication dans la Rome ancienne, pp. 53–75. Paris.
Corcoran, S. (1996). The Empire of the Tetrarchs: Imperial Pronouncements and Government AD 284–324. Oxford.
Creed, J. L., ed. and tr. (1984). Lactantius, De mortibus persecutorum. Oxford Early Christian Texts. Oxford.
Cullhed, M. (1994). Conservator urbis suae: Studies in the Politics and Propaganda of the Emperor Maxentius. Skrifter Utgivna av Svenska Institutet I Rom, 8o, 20. Stockholm.
Curran, J. (2000). Pagan City and Christian Capital: Rome in the Fourth Century. Oxford.
Dagron, G. (1984). Constantinople imaginaire: Études sur le recueil des “Patria.” Bibliothèque byzantine, Études 8. Paris.
Davies, P. S. (1989). “The Origin and Purpose of the Persecution of AD 303.” Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 40:66–94.
Davis, R., tr. (2000). The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis): The Ancient Biographies of the First Ninety Roman Bishops to A.D. 715, 2nd ed. TTH 6. Liverpool.
Dearn, A. (2003). “The Coinage of Vetranio: Imperial Representation and the Memory of Constantine the Great.” Numismatic Chronicle 163:169–91.
Decker, D. (1968). “La politique religieuse de Maxence.” Byzantion 38:472–562.
Decker, D. (1978). “Le «Discours à l'Assemblée des Saints» attribué à Constantin et l'oeuvre de Lactance.” In Lactance et son temps: Recherches actuelles. Actes du IVe Colloque d'études historiques et patristiques, Chantilly 21–23 septembre 1976, ed. Fontaine, J. and Perrin, M., pp. 75–87. Théologie historique 48. Paris.
Degrassi, A., ed. (1963). Inscriptiones Italiae, Volumen XIII: Fasti et Elogia. Fasciculus II: Fasti anni Numani et Iuliani, accedunt Ferialia, Menologia rustica, Parapegmata. Rome.
DeLaine, J. (1997). The Baths of Caracalla: A Study in the Design, Construction, and Economics of Large-Scale Building Projects in Imperial Rome. Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series 25. Portsmouth.
Demandt, A. (2006). “Wenn Kaiser träumen…Die Visionen Konstantins des Grossen.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 49–59. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Demandt, A., and Engemann, J., ed. (2007). Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantinus: Konstantin der Grosse. Ausstellungskatalog. Mainz.
Maria, S. (1988). Gli archi onorari di Roma e dell'Italia romana. Bibliotheca archaeologica 7. Rome.
Devos, P. (1982). “Une recension nouvelle de la Passion grecque BHG 639 de saint Eusignios.” Analecta Bollandiana 100:209–28.
Diehl, E., ed. (1925–1931). Inscriptiones latinae Christianae veteres, 3 vols. Berlin.
Digeser, E. D. (1994). “Lactantius and Constantine's Letter to Arles: Dating the Divine Institutes.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 2:33–52.
Digeser, E. D. (1997). “Lactantius and the Edict of Milan: Does It Determine His Venue?” In Studia Patristica Vol. XXXI: Papers Presented at the Twelfth International Conference on Patristic Studies Held in Oxford 1995. Preaching, Second Century, Tertullian to Arnobius, Egypt before Nicaea, ed. Livingstone, E. A., pp. 287–95. Leuven.
Digeser, E. D. (1998). “Lactantius, Porphyry, and the Debate over Religious Toleration.” Journal of Roman Studies 88:129–46.
Digeser, E. D. (2000). The Making of a Christian Empire: Lactantius and Rome. Ithaca, N.Y.
Digeser, E. D. (2002). “Porphyry, Julian, or Hierokles? The Anonymous Hellene in Makarios Magnes' Apokritikos.” Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 53:466–502.
Dindorf, G., ed. (1829). Georgius Syncellus et Nicephorus Cp., Vol. 1. Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae. Bonn.
Dolbeau, F., ed. (1996). Augustin d'Hippone, Vingt-six sermons au peuple d'Afrique. Collection des Études augustiniennes, Série antiquité 147. Paris.
Drake, H. A. (1988). “What Eusebius Knew: The Genesis of the Vita Constantini.” Classical Philology 83:20–38.
Drake, H. A. (2000). Constantine and the Bishops: The Politics of Intolerance. Baltimore.
Drake, H. A. (2009). “Solar Power in Late Antiquity.” In The Power of Religion in Late Antiquity, ed. Cain, A. and Lenski, N., pp. 215–26. Farnham.
Drijvers, J. W. (1992). Helena Augusta: The Mother of Constantine the Great and the Legend of Her Finding of the True Cross. Brill's Studies in Intellectual History 27. Leiden.
Drijvers, J. W. (2004). Cyril of Jerusalem: Bishop and City. Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae 72. Leiden.
Drijvers, J. W. (2007). “Eusebius' Vita Constantini and the Construction of the Image of Maxentius.” In From Rome to Constantinople: Studies in Honour of Averil Cameron, ed. Amirav, H. and Haar Romeny, B., pp. 11–27. Late Antique History and Religion. Leuven.
Drijvers, J. W. (2009). “The Power of the Cross: Celestial Cross Appearances in the Fourth Century.” In The Power of Religion in Late Antiquity, ed. Cain, A. and Lenski, N., pp. 237–48. Farnham.
Drinkwater, J. F. (1983). Roman Gaul: The Three Provinces, 58 BC–AD 260. Ithaca, N.Y.
Drinkwater, J. F. (2000). “The Revolt and Ethnic Origin of the Usurper Magnentius (350–353), and the Rebellion of Vetranio (350).” Chiron 30:131–59.
Drinkwater, J. F. (2007). The Alamanni and Rome 213–496 (Caracalla to Clovis). Oxford.
Dumser, E. A. (2006). “The aeternae memoriae Coinage of Maxentius: An Issue of Symbolic Intent.” InImaging Ancient Rome: Documentation – Visualization – Imagination, ed. Haselberger, L. and Humphrey, J., pp. 107–18. Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series 61. Portsmouth.
Eder, W. (2005). “Augustus and the Power of Tradition.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Augustus, ed. Galinsky, K., pp. 13–32. Cambridge.
Edwards, M., tr. (2003). Constantine and Christendom: The Oration to the Saints, the Greek and Latin Accounts of the Discovery of the Cross, the Edict of Constantine to Pope Silvester. TTH 39. Liverpool.
Ehling, K. (2001). “Kaiser Julian, der Senat, und die Stadt Rom.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 137:292–96.
Elliott, T. G. (1987). “Constantine's Conversion: Do We Really Need It?” Phoenix 41:420–38.
Ensoli, S. (2000). “I colossi de bronzo a Roma in età tardoantica: Dal Colosso di Nerone al Colosso di Costantino. A proposito dei tre frammenti bronzei dei Musei Capitolini.” In Aurea Roma: Dalla città pagana alla città cristiana, ed. Ensoli, S. and Rocca, E., pp. 66–90. Rome.
Evers, C. (1991). “Remarques sur l'iconographie de Constantin: A propos du remploi de portraits des «bons empereurs».” Mélanges de l'École française de Rome, Antiquité 103:785–806.
Evers, C. (1992). “Betrachtungen zur Ikonographie des Maxentius: Zu einer neuen Portrat-Replik im Kestner-Museum Hannover.” Niederdeutsche Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte 31:9–22.
Evrard, G. (1962). “Une inscription inédite d'Aqua Viva et la carrière des Iunii Bassi.” Mélanges de l'École française de Rome, Antiquité 74:607–47.
Ewig, E. (1956). “Der Bild Constantins des Grossen in den ersten Jahrhunderten des abendländischen Mittelalters.” Historisches Jahrbuch 75:1–46. Reprinted in E. Ewig, Spätantikes und frankisches Gallien: Gesammelte Schriften (1952–1973), ed. H. Atsma (Munich, 1976–1979), 1:72–113.
Favro, D. (2005). “Making Rome a World City.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Augustus, ed. Galinsky, K., pp. 234–63. Cambridge.
Feeney, D. (2007). Caesar's Calendar: Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History. Sather Classical Lectures 65. Berkeley, Calif.
Fehl, P. P. (1993). “Raphael as a Historian: Poetry and Historical Accuracy in the Sala di Costantino.” Artibus et historiae 14, no. 28:9–76.
Feissel, D. (1985). “Inscriptions du IVe au VIe siècle.” In D. Feissel and A. Philippidis-Braat, “Inventaires en vue d'un recueil des inscriptions historiques de Byzance, III: Inscriptions du Péloponnèse (à l'exception de Mistra),” Travaux et Mémoires 9:267–395.
Ferguson, T. C. (2005). The Past Is Prologue: The Revolution of Nicene Historiography. Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae 75. Leiden.
Fittschen, K., and Zanker, P. (1985). Katalog der römischen Portrats in den Capitolinischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom, I: Kaiser- und Prinzenbildnisse. Beiträge zur Erschließung hellenistischer und kaiserzeitlicher Skulptur und Architektur 3. Mainz.
Flower, H. I. (2006). The Art of Forgetting: Disgrace and Oblivion in Roman Political Culture. Studies in the History of Greece and Rome. Chapel Hill, N.C.
Foss, C. (1995). “Nicomedia and Constantinople.” In Constantinople and Its Hinterland: Papers from the Twenty-Seventh Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Oxford, April 1993, ed. Mango, C. and Dagron, G., with Greatrex, G., pp. 181–90. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 3. Aldershot.
Fowden, G. (1994a). “Constantine, Silvester and the Church of S. Polyeuctus in Constantinople.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 7:274–84.
Fowden, G. (1994b). “The Last Days of Constantine: Oppositional Versions and Their Influence.” Journal of Roman Studies 84:146–70.
Frazer, A. (1966). “The Iconography of the Emperor Maxentius' Buildings in Via Appia.” Art Bulletin 48:385–92.
Fried, J. (2007). Donation of Constantine and Constitutum Constantini: The Misinterpretation of a Fiction and its Original Meaning. Millennium-Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. 3. Berlin.
Frothingham, A. L. (1883). “Une mosaique constantinienne inconnue à Saint-Pierre de Rome.” Revue archéologique, série 3, 1:68–72.
Frothingham, A. L.. (1915). “The Roman Territorial Arch.” American Journal of Archaeology 19:155–74.
Fuhrmann, H., ed. (1968). Das Constitutum Constantini (Konstantinische Schenkung): Text. Fontes iuris Germanici antiqui in usum scholarum ex Monumentis Germaniae Historicis separatim editi 10. Hannover.
Gascou, J. (1967). “Le rescrit d'Hispellum.” Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire 79:609–59.
Giavarini, C., ed. (2005). The Basilica of Maxentius: The Monument, Its Materials, Construction, and Stability. Studia Archaeologica 140. Rome.
Gibbon, E. (1932). The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 3 vols. The Modern Library. New York.
Girardet, K. M. (2006a). Die Konstantinische Wende: Voraussetzungen und geistige Grundlagen der Religionspolitik Konstantins des Großen. Darmstadt.
Girardet, K. M. (2006b). “Konstantin und das Christentum: Die Jahre der Entscheidung 310 bis 314.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 69–80. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Giuliano, A. (1955). Arco di Costantino. Milan.
Giuliano, A. (1991). “Augustus-Constantinus.” Bollettino d'arte 68–69:3–10.
Gradel, I. (2002). Emperor Worship and Roman Religion. Oxford Classical Monographs. Oxford.
Grafton, A., and Williams, M. (2006). Christianity and the Transformation of the Book: Origen, Eusebius, and the Library of Caesarea. Cambridge, Mass.
Grant, R. M. (1980). Eusebius as Church Historian. Oxford.
Grégoire, H., ed. (1922). Recueil des inscriptions grecques chrétiennes d'Asie Mineure. Paris.
Grégoire, H. (1932). “La statue de Constantin et le signe de la croix.” L'antiquité classique 1:135–43.
Grig, L. (2006). “Throwing Parties for the Poor: Poverty and Splendour in the Late Antique Church.” In Poverty in the Roman World, ed. Atkins, M. and Osborne, R., pp. 145–61. Cambridge.
Grig, L. (2009). “Imagining the Capitolium in Late Antiquity.” In The Power of Religion in Late Antiquity, ed. Cain, A. and Lenski, N., pp. 279–91. Farnham.
Grigg, R. (1977). “Constantine the Great and the Cult without Images.” Viator 8:1–32.
Grillet, B. (1983). “Introduction: Chapitre I, La vie et l'oeuvre.” In B. Grillet, G. Sabbah, and A.-J. Festugière, Sozomène, Histoire ecclésiastique, Livres I-II: Texte grec de l'édition J. Bidez, pp. 9–31. SChr. 306. Paris.
Groag, E. (1926). “Der Dichter Porfyrius in einer stadtrömischer Inschrift.” Wiener Studien 45:102–9.
Grünewald, T. (1989). “Ein epigraphisches Zeugnis zur Germanenpolitik Konstantins des Grossen: Die Bauinschrift des Deutzer Kastells (CIL XIII 8502).” In Labor omnibus unus: Gerold Walser zum 70. Geburtstag dargebracht von Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, ed. Herzig, H. E. and Frei-Stolba, R., pp. 171–85. Historia, Einzelschriften 60. Stuttgart.
Grünewald, T. (1990). Constantinus Maximus Augustus: Herrschaftspropaganda in der zeitgenössischen Überlieferung. Historia, Einzelschriften 64. Stuttgart.
Guidi, M. (1907). “Un ΒΙΟΣ di Constantino.” Rendiconti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche, Serie quinta, 16:304–40, 637–62.
Guillaumin, M.-L. (1978). “L'exploitation des «Oracles Sibyllins» par Lactance et par le «Discours à l'Assemblée des Saints».” In Lactance et son temps: Recherches actuelles. Actes du IVe Colloque d'études historiques et patristiques, Chantilly 21–23 septembre 1976, ed. Fontaine, J. and Perrin, M., pp. 185–200. Théologie historique 48. Paris.
Gundlach, W., ed. (1892). Epistolae Merowingici et Karolini aevi. MGH, Epistolae 3. Berlin.
Haldon, J. F. (1994). “Constantine or Justinian? Crisis and Identity in Imperial Propaganda in the Seventh Century.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 95–107. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Hall, L. J. (1998). “Cicero's instinctu divino and Constantine's instinctu divinitatis: The Evidence of the Arch of Constantine for the Senatorial View of the ‘Vision’ of Constantine.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 6:647–71.
Hall, S. G. (1993). “Eusebian and Other Sources in Vita Constantini I.” In Logos: Festschrift für Luise Abramowski zum 8. Juli 1993, ed. Brennecke, H. C., Grasmück, E. L., and Markschies, C., pp. 239–63. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche 67. Berlin.
Hallett, J. P. (1970). “‘Over Troubled Waters’: The Meaning of the Title Pontifex.” Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 101:219–27.
Hamilton, F. J., and Brooks, E. W., tr. (1899). The Syriac Chronicle Known as That of Zachariah of Mitylene. London.
Hannestad, N. (1994). Tradition in Late Antique Sculpture: Conservation – Modernization – Production. Acta Jutlandica 69.2, Humanities Series 69. Aarhus.
Hannestad, N. (2007). “Die Portratskulptur zur Zeit Konstantins des Grossen.” In Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantinus: Konstantin der Grosse. Ausstellungskatalog, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 96–112. Mainz.
Harris, W. V. (2005). “Constantine's Dream.” Klio 87:488–94.
Hartley, E., Hawkes, J., and Henig, M., with Mees, F., ed. (2006). Constantine the Great: York's Roman Emperor. York.
Heck, E. (1972). Die dualistischen Zusätze und die Kaiseranreden bei Lactantius:Untersuchungen zur Textgeschichte der Divinae Institutiones und der Schrift De opificio Dei. Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse 1972, 2. Heidelberg.
Hedrick, C. W.. (2000). History and Silence: Purge and Rehabilitation of Memory in Late Antiquity. Austin, Tex.
Heijmans, M. (2004). Arles durant l'antiquité tardive: De la Duplex Arelas à l'Urbs Genesii. Collection de l'École française de Rome 324. Rome.
Heijmans, M. (2006). “Constantina urbs. Arles durant le IVe siècle: une autre résidence impériale?” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 209–19. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Heim, F. (2001). “Constantin dans l'«Histoire ecclésiastique» de Rufin: fidélités et infidélités à Eusebe.” Euphrosyne 29:201–10.
Hekster, O. (1999). “The City of Rome in Late Imperial Ideology: The Tetrarchs, Maxentius, and Constantine.” Mediterraneo Antico 2:717–48.
Hendy, M. F. (1985). Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300–1450. Cambridge.
Heres, T. L. (1982). Paries: A Proposal for a Dating System of Late-Antique Masonry Structures in Rome and Ostia. Studies in Classical Antiquity 5. Amsterdam.
Herzig, H. E. (1989). “Regio XI Italiae: Auf den Spuren Konstantins des Grossen.” In Labor omnibus unus: Gerold Walser zum 70. Geburtstag dargebracht von Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern, ed. Herzig, H. E. and Frei-Stolba, R., pp. 59–69. Historia, Einzelschriften 60. Stuttgart.
Humphrey, J. H. (1986). Roman Circuses: Arenas for Chariot Racing. Berkeley, Calif.
Humphries, M. (1997). “In nomine patris: Constantine the Great and Constantius II in Christological Polemic.” Historia 46:448–64.
Humphries, M. (2007). “From Emperor to Pope? Ceremonial, Space, and Authority at Rome from Constantine to Gregory the Great.” In Religion, Dynasty, and Patronage in Early Christian Rome, 300–900, ed. Cooper, K. and Hillner, J., pp. 21–58. Cambridge.
Humphries, M. (2008a). “From Usurper to Emperor: The Politics of Legitimation in the Age of Constantine.” Journal of Late Antiquity 1:82–100.
Humphries, M. (2008b). “Rufinus's Eusebius: Translation, Continuation, and Edition in the Latin Ecclesiastical History.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 16:143–64.
Humphries, M. (2009). “The Mind of the Persecutors: ‘By the Gracious Favour of the Gods.’” In The Great Persecution: The Proceedings of the Fifth Patristic Conference, Maynooth, 2003, ed. Twomey, D. V. and Humphries, M., pp. 11–32. Irish Theological Quarterly Monograph Series 4. Dublin.
Jaïdi, H. (2003). “L'annone de Rome au Bas-Empire: difficultés structurelles, contraintes nouvelles et volonté impériale.” In Nourrir les cités de Méditerranée: Antiquité – Temps modernes, ed. Marin, B. and Virlouvet, C., pp. 83–102. L'Atelier Méditerranéen. Paris.
Jeffreys, E., Jeffreys, M., and Scott, R., tr. (1986). The Chronicle of John Malalas: A Translation. Byzantina Australiensia 4. Melbourne.
Johnson, M. J. (2009). The Roman Imperial Mausoleum in Late Antiquity. Cambridge.
Jones, A. H. M. (1954). “Notes on the Genuineness of the Constantinian Documents in Eusebius's Life of Constantine.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 5:196–200. Reprinted in A. H. M. Jones, The Roman Economy: Studies in Ancient Economic and Administrative History, ed. P. A. Brunt, pp. 257–62. Oxford, 1974.
Jones, A. H. M. (1964). The Later Roman Empire. Oxford.
Jones, A. H. M. (1972). Constantine and the Conversion of Europe. Harmondsworth. First published in 1949.
Kaegi, W. E., Jr. (1968). Byzantium and the Decline of Rome. Princeton, N.J.
Kazhdan, A. (1987). “‘Constantin imaginaire’: Byzantine Legends of the Ninth Century about Constantine the Great.” Byzantion 57:196–250.
Kelly, C. (2004). Ruling the Later Roman Empire. Revealing Antiquity 15. Cambridge, Mass.
Kent, J. P. C. (1981). The Roman Imperial Coinage, VIII: The Family of Constantine I, A.D. 337–364. London.
Kinney, D. (2005). “Spolia.” In St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. Tronzo, W., pp. 16–47. Cambridge.
Kluge, E. (1924). “Studien zu Publilius Optatianus Porfyrius.” Münchener Museum 4:323–48.
Koeppel, G. M. (1986). “Die historischen Reliefs der römischen Kaiserzeit IV: Stadtrömische Denkmäler unbekannter Bauzugehörigkeit aus hadrianischer bis konstantinischer Zeit.” Bonner Jahrbücher 186:1–90.
Koethe, H. (1931). “Zum Mausoleum der weströmischen Dynastie bei Alt-Sankt-Peter.” Mitteilungen des deutschen archäologischen Instituts, Römische Abteilung 46:9–26.
Kolb, F. (2001). Herrscherideologie in der Spätantike. Berlin.
Krautheimer, R., with Frankl, W., Corbett, S., and Frazer, A. K. (1937–1980). Corpus Basilicarum Christianarum Romae: The Early Christian Basilicas of Rome (IV–IX Cent.), 5 vols. Vatican City.
Krautheimer, R. (1983). Three Christian Capitals: Topography and Politics. Berkeley, Calif.
Kuhoff, W. (1991). “Ein Mythos in der römischen Geschichte: Der Sieg Konstantins des Großen über Maxentius vor den Toren Roms am 28. Oktober 312 n. Chr.” Chiron 21:127–74.
Lane Fox, R. (1986). Pagans and Christians. New York.
Lange, C. H. (2009). Res publica constituta: Actium, Apollo and the Accomplishment of the Triumviral Assignment. Impact of Empire 10. Leiden.
Laqueur, R. (1929). Eusebius als Historiker seiner Zeit. Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte 11. Berlin.
Rocca, E., and Zanker, P. (2007). “Il ritratto colossale di Costantino dal Foro di Traiano.” In Res bene gestae: Ricerche di storia urbana su Roma antica in onore di Eva Margareta Steinby, ed. Leone, A., Palombi, D., and Walker, S., pp. 145–68. Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae, Supplementum 4. Rome.
Lavin, I. (2005). “Bernini at St. Peter's: Singularis in singulis, in omnibus unicus.” In St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. Tronzo, W., pp. 111–243. Cambridge.
Leadbetter, B. (2009). Galerius and the Will of Diocletian. London.
Lemerle, P. (1971). Le premier humanisme byzantin: Notes et remarques sur enseignement et culture à Byzance des origines au Xe siècle. Bibliothèque byzantine, Études 6. Paris.
Lenski, N. (2002). Failure of Empire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century A.D. The Transformation of the Classical Heritage 34. Berkeley, Calif.
Lenski, N. (2006). “Introduction.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine, ed. Lenski, N., pp. 1–13. Cambridge.
Lenski, N. (2008). “Evoking the Pagan Past: Instinctu divinitatis and Constantine's Capture of Rome.” Journal of Late Antiquity 1:204–57.
Lepelley, C. (1979–1981). Les cités de l'Afrique romaine au Bas-Empire, 2 vols. Paris.
Leppin, H. (1996). Von Constantin dem Großen zu Theodosius II.: Das christliche Kaisertum bei den Kirchenhistorikern Socrates, Sozomenus und Theodoret. Hypomnemata 110. Göttingen.
Leppin, H. (2007). “Jacob Burckhardt and Paganism in the Roman Empire.” In Wolf Liebeschuetz Reflected: Essays Presented by Colleagues, Friends, & Pupils, ed. Drinkwater, J. and Salway, B., pp. 17–26. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Supplement 91. London.
Leppin, H., and Ziemssen, H. (2007). Maxentius: Der letzte Kaiser in Rom. Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie. Mainz.
Levitan, W. (1985). “Dancing at the End of the Rope: Optatian Porfyry and the Field of Roman Verse.” Transactions of the American Philological Association 115:245–69.
Lieu, S. N. C. (1998). “From History to Legend and Legend to History: The Medieval and Byzantine Transformation of Constantine's Vita.” In Constantine: History, Hagiography and Legend, ed. Lieu, S. N. C. and Montserrat, D., pp. 136–76. London.
Lieu, S. N. C., and Montserrat, D. (1996). From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine Views. A Source History. London.
Lim, R. (1999). “People as Power: Games, Munificence, and Contested Topography.” In The Transformations of Urbs Roma in Late Antiquity, ed. Harris, W. V., pp. 265–81. Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series 33. Portsmouth.
Liverani, P. (1995). “Domus Faustae.” In Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae, Vol. 2, ed. E. M. Steinby, pp. 97–99. Rome.
Liverani, P. (2008). “Interventi urbani a Roma tra il IV e il VI secolo.” Cristianesimo nella storia 29:1–31.
L'Orange, H. P., with Unger, R.. (1984). Das spätantike Herrscherbild von Diokletian bis zu den Konstantin-Söhnen 284–361 n. Chr. Das römischen Herrscherbild 3, Vol. 4. Berlin.
L'Orange, H. P., and Gerkan, A. (1939). Der spätantike Bildschmuck des Konstantinsbogens. Studien zur spätantiken Kunstgeschichte 10. Berlin.
Louth, A. (1990). “The Date of Eusebius' Historia ecclesiastica.” Journal of Theological Studies 41:111–23.
Machado, C. (2006). “Building the Past: Monuments and Memory in the Forum Romanum.” In Social and Political Life in Late Antiquity, ed. Bowden, W., Gutteridge, A. and Machado, C., pp. 157–92. Late Antique Archaeology 3.1. Leiden.
MacMullen, R. (1969). Constantine. New York.
MacMullen, R. (1984). Christianizing the Roman Empire (A.D. 100–400). New Haven, Conn.
MacMullen, R. (2009). The Second Church: Popular Christianity A.D. 200–400. Writings from the Greco-Roman World, Supplement Series 1. Atlanta, Ga.
Magdalino, P. (1994). “Introduction.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 1–9. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Maier, J.-L. (1987–1989). Le dossier du Donatisme, 2 vols. Texte und Untersuchungen 134–135. Berlin.
Malosse, P.-L. (1997). “Libanius on Constantine Again.” Classical Quarterly 47:519–24.
Malosse, P.-L. (2000). “Libanios, ses «temoins oculaires», Eusèbe et Praxagoras: Le travail préparatoire du sophiste et la question des sources dans l'Eloge de Constance et de Constant.” Revue des études grecques 113:172–87.
Markopoulos, A. (1994). “Constantine the Great in Macedonian Historiography: Models and Approaches.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 159–70. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Marlowe, E. (2006). “Framing the Sun: The Arch of Constantine and the Roman Cityscape.” Art Bulletin 88:223–42.
Martin, A. (2006). “Introduction.” In Théodoret de Cyr, Histoire ecclésiastique: Tome I (Livres I–II), ed. Bouffartique, J., Martin, A., Pietri, L., and Thelamon, F., pp. 9–92. SChr. 501. Paris.
Mastino, A., and Teatini, A. (2001). “Ancora sul discusso «trionfo» di Costantino dopo la battaglia del Ponte Milvio: Nota a proposito di Corpus inscriptionum latinarum (Berlin), VIII, 9356 = 20941 (Caesarea).” In Varia epigraphica: Atti del Colloquio internazionale di epigrafia, Bertinoro, 8–10 giugno 2000, ed. Bertinelli, G. Angeli and Donati, A., pp. 273–327. Epigrafia e antichità 17. Faenza.
Maxwell, J. L. (2006). Christianization and Communication in Late Antiquity: John Chrysostom and His Congregation in Antioch. Cambridge.
Mennella, G. (2004). “La campagna di Costantino nell'Italia nord-occidentale: la documentazione epigrafica.” In L'armée romaine de Dioclétien à Valentinien Ier: Actes du Congrès de Lyon (12–14 septembre 2002), ed. Bohec, Y. and Wolff, C., pp. 359–69. Université Jean Moulin-Lyon 3, Collection du Centre d'Études Romaines et Gallo-Romaines n.s. 26. Lyon.
Messineo, G. (2006). “Mulvius Pons.” In Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae – Suburbium, ed. Regina, A.. Vol. 4, ed. Nicolai, V. F., Cecere, M. G. G., and Mari, Z., pp. 76–77. Rome.
Messineo, G., and Calci, C. (1989). Malborghetto. Lavori e Studi di Archeologia 15. Rome.
Miethke, J. (2008). “Die ‘Konstantinische Schenkung’ in der mittelalterlichen Diskussion: Ausgewählte Kapitel einer verschlungenen Rezeptionsgeschichte.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Das Bild des Kaisers im Wandel der Zeiten, ed. Goltz, A. and Schlange-Schöningen, H., pp. 35–108. Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 66. Cologne.
Miles, R. (2003). “Rivaling Rome: Carthage.” In Rome the Cosmopolis, ed. Edwards, C. and Woolf, G., pp. 123–46. Cambridge.
Millar, F. (1969). “P. Herennius Dexippus: The Greek World and the Third-Century Invasions.” Journal of Roman Studies 59:12–29.
Millar, F. (1977). The Emperor in the Roman World (31 B.C.–A.D. 337). London.
Millar, F. (1983). “Empire and City, Augustus to Julian: Obligations, Excuses and Status.” Journal of Roman Studies 73:76–96.
Millar, F. (1986). “Italy and the Roman Empire: Augustus to Constantine.” Phoenix 40:295–318.
Miller, P. C. (1994). Dreams in Late Antiquity: Studies in the Imagination of a Culture. Princeton, N.J.
Milner, C. (1994). “The Image of the Rightful Ruler: Anicia Juliana's Constantine Mosaic in the Church of Hagios Polyeuktos.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 73–81. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Momigliano, A. (1963). “Pagan and Christian Historiography in the Fourth Century a.d.” In The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth Century, ed. Momigliano, A., pp. 79–99. Oxford.
Mommsen, T., ed. (1892). Chronica minora saec. IV. V. VI. VII, Vol. 1. MGH, Auctores antiquissimi 9. Berlin.
Moreau, J., ed. and tr. (1954). Lactance, De la mort des persécuteurs, 2 vols. SChr. 39. Paris.
Mras, K. (1954). “Einleitung.” In Mras, K., ed., Eusebius Werke 8: Die Praeparatio Evangelica. Erster Teil: Einleitung, Die Bücher I bis X, pp. xiii–lviii. GCS 43.1. Berlin.
Müller, C., ed. (1851). Fragmenta historicorum graecorum, Vol. 4. Paris.
Munier, C., ed. (1963). Concilia Galliae a. 314–a. 506. CChr., Series latina 148. Turnhout.
Nicholson, O. (1989). “Flight from Persecution as Imitation of Christ: Lactantius' Divine Institutes IV.18, 1–2.” Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 40:48–65.
Nicholson, O. (1999). “Civitas quae adhuc sustentat omnia: Lactantius and the City of Rome.” In The Limits of Ancient Christianity: Essays on Late Antique Thought and Culture in Honor of R. A. Markus, ed. Klingshirn, W. E. and Vessey, M., pp. 7–25. Ann Arbor, Mich.
Nicholson, O. (2000). “Constantine's Vision of the Cross.” Vigiliae Christianae 54:309–23.
Nieddu, A. M. (2009). La Basilica Apostolorum sulla Via Appia e l'area cimiteriale circostante. Monumenti di antichità cristiana pubblicati a cura del Pontificio Istituto de archeologia cristiana, II serie, 19. Vatican City.
Nixon, C. E. V., and Rodgers, B. S., tr. (1994). In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini. Introduction, Translation, and Historical Commentary with the Latin Text of R. A. B. Mynors. The Transformation of the Classical Heritage 21. Berkeley, Calif.
Noble, T. F. X. (1984). The Republic of St. Peter: The Birth of the Papal State, 680–825. Philadelphia.
Nora, P. (1989). “Between Memory and History: Les lieux de mémoire.” Representations 26:7–24.
Nordh, A., ed. (1949). Libellus de regionibus urbis Romae. Skrifter Utgivna av Svenska Institutet i Rom 3. Lund.
Odahl, C. M. (2004). Constantine and the Christian Empire. London.
Östenberg, I. (2009). Staging the World: Spoils, Captives, and Representations in the Roman Triumphal Procession. Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation. Oxford.
Opitz, H.-G. (1934). “Die Vita Constantini des Codex Angelicus 22.” Byzantion 9:535–93.
Painter, B. W. (2005). Mussolini's Rome: Rebuilding the Eternal City. New York.
Papi, E. (1999). “Romulus, Divus, Templum.” In Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae, Vol. 4, ed. E. M. Steinby, pp. 210–12. Rome.
Parmentier, L., and Scheidweiler, F., ed. (1954). Theodoret, Kirchengeschichte, 2nd ed. GCS 44. Berlin.
Paschoud, F., ed. and tr. (1979–2000). Zosime, Histoire nouvelle, 3 vols. Budé. Paris.
Pelling, C. (2009). “Seeing through Caesar's Eyes: Focalisation and Interpretation.” In Narratology and Interpretation: The Content of Narrative Form in Ancient Literature, ed. Grethlein, J. and Rengakos, A., pp. 507–26. Trends in Classics – Supplementary Volumes 4. Berlin.
Pietri, C. (1983). “Constantin en 324: Propagande et théologie imperiales d'après les documents de la Vita Constantini.” In Crise et redressement dans les provinces européennes de l'empire (milieu du IIIe au IVe siècle ap. J.C.). Actes du Colloque de Strasbourg (décembre 1981), pp. 63–90. Strasburg. Reprinted in C. Pietri, Christiana respublica: Eléments d'une enquête sur le christianisme antique 1:253–80. Collection de l'École française de Rome 234. Paris, 1997.
Pietri, C., and Pietri, L. (1999–2000). Prosopographie chrétienne du Bas-Empire 2: Prosopographie de l'Italie chrétienne (313–604), 2 vols. Rome.
Pohlkamp, W. (2007). “Konstantin der Große und die Stadt Rom im Spiegel der römischen Silvester-Akten (Actus Silvestri).” In Kaiser Konstantin der Grosse: Historische Leistung und Rezeption in Europa, ed. Girardet, K. M., pp. 87–111. Bonn.
Polara, G., ed. (1973). Publilii Optatiani Porfyrii carmina, 2 vols. Corpus scriptorum latinorum Paravianum. Turin.
Polara, G. (1978). “La fondazione di Costantinopoli e la cronologia dei carmi di Optaziano.” Koinonia 2:333–38.
Presicce, C. P. (2007). “Konstantin als Iuppiter: Die Kolossalstatue des Kaisers aus der Basilika an der Via Sacra.” In Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantinus: Konstantin der Grosse. Ausstellungskatalog, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 117–31. Mainz.
Price, R. M. (2005). “In hoc signo vinces: The Original Context of the Vision of Constantine.” In Signs, Wonders, Miracles: Representations of Divine Power in the Life of the Church. Papers Read at the 2003 Summer Meeting and the 2004 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society, ed. Cooper, K. and Gregory, J., pp. 1–10. Studies in Church History 41. Woodbridge.
Price, S. R. F. (1987). “From Noble Funerals to Divine Cult: The Consecration of Roman Emperors.” In Rituals of Royalty: Power and Ceremonial in Traditional Societies, ed. Cannadine, D. and Price, S., pp. 56–105. Cambridge.
Prince, G. (1995). “Narratology.” In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 8: From Formalism to Poststructuralism, pp. 110–30. Cambridge.
Quednau, R. (2006). “Zum Wandel des Konstantin-Bildes in der Kunst: Raphael und Rubens/Pietro da Cortona.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 273–84. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Rapp, C. (2005). Holy Bishops in Late Antiquity: The Nature of Christian Leadership in an Age of Transition. The Transformation of the Classical Heritage 37. Berkeley, Calif.
Rees, R. (2004). Diocletian and the Tetrarchy. Debates and Documents in Ancient History. Edinburgh.
Richardson, L.. (1992). A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Baltimore.
Richmond, I. A. (1930). The City Wall of Imperial Rome: An Account of Its Architectural Development from Aurelian to Narses. Oxford.
Roller, M. B. (2004). “Exemplarity in Roman Culture: The Cases of Horatius Cocles and Cloelia.” Classical Philology 99:1–56.
Rossi, J. B., ed. (1857–1888). Inscriptiones Christianae urbis Romae septimo saeculo antiquiores, 2 vols. Rome.
Rougé, J. (1978). “A propos du manuscrit du «De mortibus persecutorum».” In Lactance et son temps: Recherches actuelles. Actes du IVe Colloque d'études historiques et patristiques, Chantilly 21–23 septembre 1976, ed. Fontaine, J. and Perrin, M., pp. 13–22. Théologie historique 48. Paris.
Rüpke, J. (2008). Fasti sacerdotum: A Prosopography of Pagan, Jewish, and Christian Religious Officials in the City of Rome, 300 BC to AD 499, tr. D. M. B. Richardson. Oxford.
Ruysschaert, J. (1962–1963). “Essai d'interprétation synthétique de l'Arc de Constantin.” Atti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia (série III), Rendiconti 35:79–100.
Sághy, M. (2000). “Scinditur in partes populus: Pope Damasus and the Martyrs of Rome.” Early Medieval Europe 9:273–87.
Scheidel, W. (2009). “Sex and Empire: A Darwinian Perspective.” In The Dynamics of Ancient Empires: State Power from Assyria to Byzantium, ed. Morris, I. and Scheidel, W., pp. 255–324. Oxford Studies in Early Empires. Oxford.
Schlange-Schöningen, H. (2006). “Das Bild Konstantins in der Neuzeit.” In Konstantin der Grosse: Geschichte-Archäologie-Rezeption, ed. Demandt, A. and Engemann, J., pp. 285–96. Schriftenreihe des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 32. Trier.
Schmidt, P. L. (1989a). “De viris illustribus.” In Restauration und Erneuerung: Die lateinische Literatur von 284 bis 374 n. Chr., ed. Herzog, R., pp. 187–90. Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, Abteilung 8: Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike 5. Munich.
Schmidt, P. L. (1989b). “Die sogenannte Enmannsche Kaisergeschichte (= EKG).” In Restauration und Erneuerung: Die lateinische Literatur von 284 bis 374 n. Chr., ed. Herzog, R., pp. 196–98. Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, Abteilung 8: Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike 5. Munich.
Schott, J. M. (2008). Christianity, Empire, and the Making of Religion in Late Antiquity. Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion. Philadelphia.
Schwartz, E. (1909). “Einleitung zum griechischen Text.” In E. Schwartz and T. Mommsen, ed., Eusebius Werke 2.3: Die Kirchengeschichte, pp. xv–ccxlviii. Second edition by Winkelmann, F.. GCS 9, Neue Folge 6.3. Reprinted Berlin, 1999.
Schwartz, E., ed. (1933–1935). Acta conciliorum oecumenicorum, Tomus alter, Volumen primum, 3 vols. Berlin.
Schwartz, E., and Mommsen, T., ed. (1903–1909). Eusebius Werke 2: Die Kirchengeschichte, 3 vols. Second edition by Winkelmann, F.. GCS 9, Neue Folge 6.1–3. Reprinted Berlin, 1999.
Scott, R. (1994). “The Image of Constantine in Malalas and Theophanes.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 57–71. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Scrinari, V. S. M. (1991). Il Laterano imperiale, Vol. I: Dalle «aedes Laterani» alla «Domus Faustae». Monumenti di Antichità cristiana, II serie, 11. Vatican City.
Seeck, O. (1908). “Das Leben des Dichters Porphyrius.” Rheinisches Museum 63:267–82.
Seeck, O. (1919). Regesten der Kaiser und Päpste für die Jahre 311 bis 476 n. Chr.: Vorarbeit zu einer Prosopographie der christlichen Kaiserzeit. Stuttgart.
Singor, H. (2003). “The Labarum, Shield Blazons, and Constantine's Caeleste Signum.” In The Representation and Perception of Roman Imperial Power. Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, c. 200 B.C.–A.D. 476), Netherlands Institute in Rome, March 20–23, 2002, ed. Blois, L., Erdkamp, P., Hekster, O., Kleijn, G., and Mols, S., pp. 481–500. Impact of Empire 3. Amsterdam.
Slater, C. (1986). Trail of Miracles: Stories from a Pilgrimage in Northeast Brazil. Berkeley.
Smith, M. D. (1997). “The Religion of Constantius I.” Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 38:187–208.
Smith, M. D. (2000). “The Religious Coinage of Constantius I.” Byzantion 70:474–90.
Smith, R. R. R. (1997). “The Public Image of Licinius I: Portrait Sculpture and Imperial Ideology in the Early Fourth Century.” Journal of Roman Studies 87:170–202.
Smolak, K. (1989). “Publilius Optatianus Porfyrius.” In Restauration und Erneuerung: Die lateinische Literatur von 284 bis 374 n. Chr., ed. Herzog, R., pp. 237–43. Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, Abteilung 8: Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike 5. Munich.
Speidel, M. P. (1986). “Maxentius and His Equites Singulares in the Battle at the Milvian Bridge.” Classical Antiquity 5:253–62.
Spera, L. (2003). “The Christianization of Space along the Via Appia: Changing Landscape in the Suburbs of Rome.” American Journal of Archaeology 107:23–43.
Steinby, M. (1986). “L'industria laterizia di Roma nel tardo imperio.” In Società romana e impero tardoantico 2, Roma: Politica, economia, paesaggio urbano, ed. Giardina, A., pp. 99–164, 438–446. Rome.
Stuart Jones, H. (1926). A Catalogue of the Ancient Sculptures Preserved in the Municipal Collections of Rome: The Sculptures of the Palazzo dei Conservatori. Oxford.
Sutherland, C. H. V. (1967). The Roman Imperial Coinage, VI: From Diocletian's Reform (A.D. 294) to the Death of Maximinus (A.D. 313). London.
Syme, R. (1939). The Roman Revolution. Oxford.
Tabbernee, W. (1997). “Eusebius' ‘Theology of Persecution’: As Seen in the Various Editions of His Church History.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 5:319–34.
Thiel, A., ed. (1868). Epistolae Romanorum pontificum genuinae et quae ad eos scriptae sunt a S. Hilaro usque ad Pelagium II, Vol. 1. Braunsberg.
Thomas, R. (1992). Literacy and Orality in Ancient Greece. Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge.
Toebelmann, F. (1915). Der Bogen von Malborghetto. Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Stiftung Heinrich Lanz, Philosophisch-historische Klasse 2. Heidelberg.
Tomlin, R. (2006). “The Owners of the Beaurains (Arras) Treasure.” In Constantine the Great: York's Roman Emperor, ed. Hartley, E., Hawkes, J., and Henig, M., with Mee, F., pp. 59–64. York.
Trombley, F. R., and Watt, J. W., tr. (2000). The Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite. TTH 32. Liverpool.
Trout, D. E. (2003). “Damasus and the Invention of Early Christian Rome.” Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 33:517–36. Reprinted in The Cultural Turn in Late Ancient Studies: Gender, Asceticism, and Historiography, ed. D. B. Martin and P. C. Miller, pp. 298–315. Durham, N.C., 2005.
Tsitsiou-Chelidoni, C. (2009). “History beyond Literature: Interpreting the ‘Internally Focalized’ Narrative in Livy's Ab urbe condita.” In Narratology and Interpretation: The Content of Narrative Form in Ancient Literature, ed. Grethlein, J. and Rengakos, A., pp. 527–54. Trends in Classics – Supplementary Volumes 4. Berlin.
Dam, R. (1982). “Hagiography and History: The Life of Gregory Thaumaturgus.” Classical Antiquity 1:272–308.
Dam, R. (1988). “Images of Saint Martin in Late Roman and Early Merovingian Gaul.” Viator 19:1–27.
Dam, R. (2002). Kingdom of Snow: Roman Rule and Greek Culture in Cappadocia. Philadelphia.
Dam, R. (2003a). Families and Friends in Late Roman Cappadocia. Philadelphia.
Dam, R. (2003b). Becoming Christian: The Conversion of Roman Cappadocia. Philadelphia.
Dam, R. (2003c). “The Many Conversions of the Emperor Constantine.” In Conversion in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Seeing and Believing, ed. Mills, K. and Grafton, A., pp. 127–51. Rochester, N.Y.
Dam, R. (2007). The Roman Revolution of Constantine. Cambridge.
Dam, R. (2008). “Imagining an Eastern Roman Empire: A Riot at Antioch in 387 C.E.” In The Sculptural Environment of the Roman Near East: Reflections on Culture, Ideology, and Power, ed. Eliav, Y. Z., Friedland, E. A., and Herbert, S., pp. 451–81. Interdisciplinary Studies in Ancient Culture and Religion 9. Leiden.
Dam, R. (2010). Rome and Constantinople: Rewriting Roman History during Late Antiquity. Edmondson Historical Lectures 30. Waco, Tex.
Nuffelen, P. (2004). Un héritage de paix et de piété: Étude sur les Histoires ecclésiastiques de Socrate et de Sozomène. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 142. Leuven.
Verduchi, P. (1995). “Equus: Constantinus.” In Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae, Vol. 2, ed. Steinby, E. M., pp. 226–27. Rome.
Vitiello, M. (2004). “Teoderico a Roma: politica, amministrazione e propaganda nell'adventus dell'anno 500 (Considerazioni sull'‘Anonimo Valesiano II’).” Historia 53:73–120.
Vitiello, M. (2005). Momenti di Roma ostrogota: adventus, feste, politica. Historia, Einzelschriften 188 (2005).
Vollmer, F. and Rubenbauer, H. (1926). “Ein verschollenes Grabgedicht aus Trier.” Trierer Zeitschrift 1:26–30.
Weiss, P. (2003). “The Vision of Constantine,” tr. A. R. Birley. Journal of Roman Archaeology 16:237–59. Revised version of “Die Vision Constantins.” In Colloquium aus Anlaß des 80. Geburtstages von Alfred Heuß, ed. J. Bleicken, pp. 143–69. Frankfurter althistorische Studien 13. Kallmünz, 1993.
Whitby, Mi. (1994). “Images for Emperors in Late Antiquity: A Search for New Constantine.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Imperial Renewal in Byzantium, 4th–13th Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992, ed. Magdalino, P., pp. 83–93. Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies, Publications 2. Aldershot.
Whitby, Mi., tr. (2000). The Ecclesiastical History of Evagrius Scholasticus. TTH 33. Liverpool.
Whitehead, A. (2009). Memory. The New Critical Idiom. London.
Whittaker, C. R. (1994). Frontiers of the Roman Empire: A Social and Economic Study. Baltimore.
Wiemer, H.-U. (1994a). “Libanius on Constantine.” Classical Quarterly 44:511–24.
Wiemer, H.-U. (1994b). “Libanios und Zosimos über den Rom-Besuch Konstantins I. im Jahre 326.” Historia 43:469–94.
Williams, M. S. (2008). Authorised Lives in Early Christian Biography between Eusebius and Augustine. Cambridge Classical Studies. Cambridge.
Wilson, A. (1998). “Biographical Models: The Constantinian Period and Beyond.” In Constantine: History, Hagiography and Legend, ed. Lieu, S. N. C. and Montserrat, D., pp. 107–35. London.
Winkelmann, F., ed. (1991). Eusebius Werke 1.1: Über das Leben des Kaisers Konstantin, 2nd ed. GCS. Berlin.
Winkelmann, F. (2004). “Eduard Schwartz, Eusebius Werke: Die Kirchengeschichte (GCS IX/1–3, Leipzig 1903–1909). Eine vorbildliche Edition.” Zeitschrift für antikes Christentum 8:59–78.
Wlosok, A. (1989). “L. Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius.” In Restauration und Erneuerung: Die lateinische Literatur von 284 bis 374 n. Chr., ed. Herzog, R., pp. 375–404. Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, Abteilung 8: Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike 5. Munich.
Woods, D. (2004). “The Constantinian Origin of Justina (Themistius, Or. 3.43b).” Classical Quarterly 54:325–27.
Woolf, G. (2003). “Seeing Apollo in Roman Gaul and Germany.” In Roman Imperialism and Provincial Art, ed. Scott, S. and Webster, J., pp. 139–52. Cambridge.
Wortley, J. (2009). “The ‘Sacred Remains’ of Constantine and Helena.” In J. Wortley, Studies on the Cult of Relics in Byzantium up to 1204, Chapter 5. Farnham. Reprinted from Byzantine Narrative: Papers in Honour of Roger Scott, ed. J. Burke, pp. 351–67. Byzantina Australiensia 16. Melbourne, 2006.
Zachos, K. L. (2003). “The Tropaeum of the Sea-Battle of Actium at Nikopolis: Interim Report.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 16:64–92.
Zanker, P. (1988). The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus, tr. A. Shapiro. Jerome Lectures 16. Ann Arbor, Mich.
