Book contents
- Manual of Inpatient Psychiatry
- Manual of Inpatient Psychiatry
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Foreword: American Inpatient Psychiatry in Historical Perspective
- Chapter 1 The Inpatient with Schizophrenia
- Chapter 2 The Inpatient with Depression
- Chapter 3 The Inpatient with Mania
- Chapter 4 The Inpatient with Borderline Personality Disorder
- Chapter 5 The Inpatient with Dementia
- Chapter 6 The Inpatient with Traumatic Brain Injury
- Chapter 7 The Inpatient with Dual Diagnosis (Co-Occurring Disorder)
- Chapter 8 The Young Adult on the Inpatient Unit
- Chapter 9 Clinical Documentation on the Inpatient Unit
- Index
- References
Chapter 8 - The Young Adult on the Inpatient Unit
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2020
Book contents
- Manual of Inpatient Psychiatry
- Manual of Inpatient Psychiatry
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Foreword: American Inpatient Psychiatry in Historical Perspective
- Chapter 1 The Inpatient with Schizophrenia
- Chapter 2 The Inpatient with Depression
- Chapter 3 The Inpatient with Mania
- Chapter 4 The Inpatient with Borderline Personality Disorder
- Chapter 5 The Inpatient with Dementia
- Chapter 6 The Inpatient with Traumatic Brain Injury
- Chapter 7 The Inpatient with Dual Diagnosis (Co-Occurring Disorder)
- Chapter 8 The Young Adult on the Inpatient Unit
- Chapter 9 Clinical Documentation on the Inpatient Unit
- Index
- References
Summary
In the psychiatric literature, “young adults” are often defined by age alone, generally between 18 and 25 years of age. However, a more fluid conception would allow for individual variations in rates of emotional/cognitive development, and would factor in the influence of societal and cultural forces that may delay independent adult functioning [1]. The heterogeneity of young adulthood is not hard to see; most clinicians have encountered 17-year-olds who act and think like they are 21, and vice versa. From the legal standpoint, in most Western cultures 18 is the age of majority, at which point entrance into contractual agreements is allowed and adult responsibility for criminal behavior is demanded. Yet, brain maturation continues at least into the early twenties [2, 3], including ongoing myelination, dendritic arborization, and pruning that lead to increased executive functioning and greater frontal lobe control over limbic emotional centers [4].
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Manual of Inpatient Psychiatry , pp. 162 - 182Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020
References
Arnett, J. Emerging adulthood: a theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist 2000;55(5):469–80.Google Scholar
Gogtay, N, Giedd, J, Lusk, L, et al. Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2004;101(21):8174–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pujol, J, Vendrell, P, Junque´, C, Marti-Vilalta, J, Capdevila, A. When does human brain development end? Evidence of corpus callosum growth up to adulthood. Annals of Neurology 1993;34(1):71–5.Google Scholar
Sowell, ER, Thompson, PM, Holmes, CJ, Jernigan, TL, Toga, AW. In vivo evidence for post-adolescent brain maturation in frontal and striatal regions. Nature Neuroscience 1999;2(10):859–61.Google Scholar
Syed, M. Emerging adulthood: developmental stage, theory, or nonsense? In: The Oxford handbook of emerging adulthood. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2015, pp. 11–25.Google Scholar
Davey, CG, Fornito, A, Pujol, J, Breakspear, M, Schmaal, L, Harrison, BJ. Neurodevelopmental correlates of the emerging adult self. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 2019;36(100626):1–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benson, JE, Elder, GH Jr. Young adult identities and their pathways: a developmental and life course model. Developmental Psychology 2011;47(6):1646–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ford, E, Rosenberg, M, Holsten, M, Boudreaux, T. Managing sexual behavior on adult acute care inpatient psychiatric units. Psychiatric Services 2003;54(3):346–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kastner, S, Linden, M. Relations between patients in psychiatric and psychotherapeutic inpatient care: a literature review and conclusions for clinical practice and research. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice 2014;18(4):222–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ticho, GR. Female autonomy and young adult women. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 1976;24(5):139–55.Google Scholar
Van Deusen, T, Wilson, C, Kim, HJ, Qayyum, Z, Millard, H, Parke, S. Transitional age youth with serious mental illness: high acuity patients requiring developmentally informed care in the inpatient hospital setting. Adolescent Psychiatry 2019;8(3):231–40.Google Scholar
Blos, P. On adolescence: a psychoanalytic interpretation. New York: Free Press of Glencoe; 1962.Google Scholar
Blos, P. The adolescent passage: developmental issues. New York: International Universities Press; 1979.Google Scholar
Colarusso, C. Separation–individuation phenomena in adulthood: general concepts and the fifth individuation. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 2000;48(4):1467–89.Google Scholar
Winnicott, DW. The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: studies in the theory of emotional development. London: Hogarth Press; 1965.Google Scholar
Casher, M. “There’s no such thing as a patient”: reflections on the significance of the work of D. W. Winnicott for modern inpatient psychiatric treatment. Harvard Review of Psychiatry 2013;21(4):181–7.Google Scholar
Glangeaud-Freudenthal, N, Barnett, B. Mother–baby inpatient psychiatric care in different countries: data collection and issues – Introduction. Archives of Women’s Mental Health 2004;7(1):49–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, S. Comprehensive inpatient treatment for the young adult patient. Psychiatric Hospital 1984;15(3):119–25.Google Scholar
Winnicott, DW. Transitional objects and transitional phenomena: a study of the first not-me possession. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis 1953;34(2):89–97.Google ScholarPubMed
Cardasis, W, Hochman, JA, Silk, KR. Transitional objects and borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1997;154(2):250–5.Google Scholar
Tohen, M, Bromet, E, Murphy, J, Tsuang, M. Psychiatric epidemiology. Harvard Review of Psychiatry 2000;8(3):111–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, R, Berglund, P, Demler, O, et al. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005;62(6):593–602.Google Scholar
Auerbach, RP, Mortier, P, Bruffaerts, R, et al. WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2018;127(7):623–38.Google Scholar
Johnson, JM, Wu, CY, Winder, GS, Casher, MI, Marshall, VD, Bostwick, JR. The effects of cannabis on inpatient agitation, aggression, and length of stay. Journal of Dual Diagnosis 2016;12(3–4):244–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewinsohn, P, Seeley, J, Buckley, M, Klein, D. Bipolar disorder in adolescence and young adulthood. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2002;11(3):461–75.Google Scholar
Deans, C, Meocevic, E. Attitudes of registered psychiatric nurses towards patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Contemporary Nurse 2006;21(1):43–9.Google Scholar
Rossberg, J, Karterud, S, Pedersen, G, Friis, S. An empirical study of countertransference reactions toward patients with personality disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2007;48(3):225–30.Google Scholar
Zanarini, MC, Frankenburg, FR, Hennen, J, Reich, DB, Silk, KR. Prediction of the 10-year course of borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 2006;163(5):827–32.Google Scholar
Carpenter, WT Jr. Evidence-based treatment for first-episode schizophrenia? American Journal of Psychiatry 2001;158(11):1771–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrow, M, Sands, JR, Silverstein, ML, Goldberg, JF. Course and outcome for schizophrenia versus other psychotic patients: a longitudinal study. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1997;23(2):287–303.Google Scholar
Jobe, TH, Harrow, M. Long-term outcome of patients with schizophrenia: a review. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2005;50(14):892–900.Google Scholar
Christie, KA, Burke, JD, Jr, Regier, DA, et al. Epidemiologic evidence for early onset of mental disorders and higher risk of drug abuse in young adults. American Journal of Psychiatry 1988;145(8):971–5.Google Scholar
Cather, C, Brunette, MF, Mueser, KT, et al. Impact of comprehensive treatment for first episode psychosis on substance use outcomes: a randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Research 2018;268:303–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weitzman, ERSM. Poor mental health, depression, and associations with alcohol consumption, harm, and abuse in a national sample of young adults in college. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 2004;192(4):269–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, WR, Rollnick, S. Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change, 2nd edn. New York: Guilford Press; 2002.Google Scholar
Casey, D. Clozapine: neuroleptic-induced EPS and tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology 1989;99:47–53.Google Scholar
Moller, H-J, Baldwin, DS, Goodwin, G, et al. Do SSRIs or antidepressants in general increase suicidality? WPA Section on Pharmacopsychiatry: consensus statement. European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience 2008;258(Suppl. 3):3–23.Google Scholar
Gunnell, D, Saperia, J, Ashby, D. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and suicide in adults: meta-analysis of drug company data from placebo controlled, randomised controlled trials submitted to the MHRA’s safety review. British Medical Journal 2005;330(7488):1–5.Google Scholar
Simon, G, Savarino, J, Operskalski, B, Wang, P. Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry 2006;163(1):41–7.Google Scholar
Alwan, S, Reefhuis, J, Rasmussen, S, Olney, R, Friedman, J. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. New England Journal of Medicine 2007;356(26):2684–92.Google Scholar
Cohen, L, Altshuler, L, Harlow, B, et al. Relapse of major depression during pregnancy in women who maintain or discontinue antidepressant treatment. Journal of the American Medical Association 2006;295(5):499–507.Google Scholar
Lin, H, Chen, I, Chen, Y, Lee, H, Wu, F. Maternal schizophrenia and pregnancy outcome: does the use of antipsychotics make a difference? Schizophrenia Research 2010;116(1):55–60.Google Scholar
Weissman, A, Levy, B, Hartz, A, et al. Pooled analysis of antidepressant levels in lactating mothers, breast milk, and nursing infants. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004;161(6):1066–78.Google Scholar
Yonkers, K, Wisner, K, Stowe, Z, et al. Management of bipolar disorder during pregnancy and the postpartum period. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004;161(4):608–20.Google Scholar
Gualtieri, CT, Johnson, LG. Comparative neurocognitive effects of 5 psychotropic anticonvulsants and lithium. Medscape General Medicine 2006;8(3):46–55.Google Scholar
Broshek, DK, Freeman, JR. Psychiatric and neuropsychological issues in sport medicine. Clinics in Sports Medicine 2005;24(3):663–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, R, Foster, C, Saunders, W, Stang, P. Social consequences of psychiatric disorders. I: Educational attainment. American Journal of Psychiatry 1995;152(7):1026–32.Google Scholar
Eisenberg, D, Gollust, SE, Golberstein, E, Hefner, JL. Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 2007;77(4):534–42.Google Scholar
Megivern, D, Pellerito, S, Mowbray, C. Barriers to higher education for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 2003;26(3):217–31.Google Scholar
Treatment Advocacy Center. State standards for assisted treatment: state by state chart. September 2008; www.treatmentadvocacycenter.org.Google Scholar
Cournos, F, Melle, SL. The young adult chronic patient: a look back. Psychiatric Services 2000;51(8):996–1000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, AJ. College student suicide in the United States: 1990–1991 through 2003–2004. Journal of American College Health 2006;54(6):341–52.Google Scholar
Shadick, R, Backus Dagirmanjian, F, Barbot, B. Suicide risk among college students. The intersection of sexual orientation and race. Crisis 2015;36(6):416–23.Google Scholar
Arie, M, Apter, A, Orbach, I, Yefet, Y, Zalzman, G. Autobiographical memory, interpersonal problem solving, and suicidal behavior in adolescent inpatients. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2008;49(1):22–9.Google Scholar
Soliman, AE-D, Reza, H. Risk factors and correlates of violence among acutely ill adult psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatric Services 2001;52(1):75–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, J, McKeown, RE, Hussey, JR, Thompson, SJ, Woods, JR. Gender differences in risk factors for attempted suicide among young adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Annals of Epidemiology 2005;15(2):167–74.Google Scholar