Abers, R. (2000). Inventing Local Democracy: Grassroots Politics in Brazil. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.Google Scholar

Abers, R. & Keck, M. E. (2013). Practical Authority: Agency and Institutional Change in Brazilian Water Politics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S. & Robinson, J. (2000). The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation (NBER Working Paper No. 7771). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Acemoglu, D. & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. New York, NY: Crown Business.Google Scholar

Adams, G. (1981). The Iron Triangle. New York, NY: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar

Afonso, A. & Aubyn, M. S. (2006). Cross-Country Efficiency of Secondary Education Provision: A Semi-Parametric Analysis with Non-Discretionary Inputs. Economic Modelling, 23(3), 476–491.Google Scholar

Almeida, C., Cayres, D. C. & Tatagiba, L. (2015). Balanço dos Estudos Sobre os Conselhos de Políticas Públicas na Última Década, Lua Nova, 94, 255–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Almeida, C., Lüchmann, L. & Ribeiro, E. (2012). Associativismo e Representação Política Feminina no Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Política, 8, 237–263.Google Scholar

Alvarez, S. (1990). Engendering Democracy in Brazil: Women‘s Movements in Transition Politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Alvarez, S. (1999). Advocating Feminism: The Latin American Feminist NGO “Boom.” International Feminist Journal of Politics, 1(2), 181–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Alvarez, S., Rubin, J., Thayer, M., Baiocchi, G. & Lao-Montes, A. (2017). Beyond Civil Society: Activism, Participation, and Protest in Latin America. Durham and London: Duke University Press.Google Scholar

Ames, B. (1987). Political Survival. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Ames, B. (2001). The Deadlock of Democracy in Brazil. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar

Amsden, A. (1992). A Theory of Government Intervention in Late Industrialization. In Putterman, L. & Rueschmeyer, D., eds., State and Market in Development: Synergy or Rivalry. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Pub, 53–84.Google Scholar

Ansell, C. & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571.Google Scholar

APSA Task Force (2012). Democratic Imperatives: Innovations in Rights, Participation, and Economic Citizenship. Washington, DC: American Political Science Association.Google Scholar

Aquino, R, Oliviera, N. F. & Bareto, M. (2009). Impact of the Family Health Program on Infant Mortality in Brazilian Municipalities. American Journal of Public Health, 99(1): 87–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Aranha, A. L. M. (2017). Accountability, Corruption, and Local Government: Mapping the Control Steps. Brazilian Political Science Review, 11(2): 1–31.Google Scholar

Araújo, A. V. (2003). Política Educacional e Participação Popular: Um Estudo Sobre Esta Relação no Município de Camaragibe-PE (Unpublished master’s thesis). Recife, PE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.Google Scholar

Araujo, M. C., Bosch, M. & Schady, N. (2017). Can Cash Transfers Help Households Escape an Inter-Generational Poverty Trap? in Barrett, C. B., Carter, M. R. & Chavas, J., eds., The Economics of Poverty Traps. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press,Google Scholar

Arellano, M. & Bond, S. (1988). Dynamic Panel Data Estimation Using PPD: A Guide for Users. London, UK: Institute for Fiscal Studies.Google Scholar

Arendt, H. (1958). The Human Condition. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Arias, E. D. (2009). Drugs and Democracy in Rio de Janeiro: Trafficking, Social Networks, and Public Security. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar

Arretche, M. (2015). Trajetórias das Desigualdades: Como o Brasil Mudou nos Últimos Cinquenta Anos, São Paulo. SP: Editora Unesp.Google Scholar

Arretche, M. (ed.) (2018). Paths of Inequality in Brazil: A Half-Century of Changes. New York, NY: Springer Press.Google Scholar

Arretche, M. & Marques, E. (2002). Municipalização da Saúde no Brasil: Diferenças Regionais, Poder do Voto e Estratégias de Governo. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 7(3), 455–479.Google Scholar

Attanasio, O., Fitzsimons, E., Gomez, A., et al. (2010). Children’s Schooling and Work in the Presence of a Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Rural Colombia. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 58(2), 181–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Auyero, J. (2007). Routine Politics and Violence in Argentina: The Gray Zone of State Power. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Avelino, G., Brown, D. S. & Hunter, W. (2005). The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999. American Journal of Political Science, 49(3), 625–641.Google Scholar

Avis, E., Ferraz, C., & Finan, F. (2016). Do Government Audits Reduce Corruption? Estimating the Impacts of Exposing Corrupt Politicians (No. w22443). National Bureau of Economic Research.Google Scholar

Avritzer, L. (2001). Democracia Deliberativa: La Recuperación del Concepto de Deliberación Pública en la Teoría Democrática Contemporánea. Metapolítica, 5(18), 50–65.Google Scholar

Avritzer, L. (2002). Democracy and the Public Space in Latin America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Avritzer, L. (2009). Participatory Institutions in Democratic Brazil. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.Google Scholar

Avritzer, L. (2017). The Two Faces of Institutional Innovation: Promises and Limits of Democratic Participation in Latin America. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar

Azzoni, C. R. (2001). Economic Growth and Regional Income inequality in Brazil. The Annals of Regional Science, 35(1), 133–152.Google Scholar

Baer, W. (2001). The Brazilian Economy: Growth and Development, 5th ed. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar

Baiocchi, G. (2005). Militants and Citizens: The Politics of Participatory Democracy in Porto Alegre. Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Baiocchi, G., & Ganuza, E. (2017). Popular Democracy: The Paradox of Participation, Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Baiocchi, G., Heller, P., & Silva, S., (2011). Bootstrapping Democracy: Transforming Local Governance and Civil Society in Brazil. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Baldez, L. (2002). Why Women Protest. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Baldez, L. (2003). Women’s Movements and Democratic Transition in Chile, Brazil, East Germany, and Poland. Comparative Politics, 35(3), 253–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Barber, B. (1984). Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Bardhan, P. (2002). Decentralization of Governance and Development. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(4), 185–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Barro, R. J. (1973). The Control of Politicians: An Economic Model. Public Choice, 14(1), 19–42.Google Scholar

Barsted, L. L., & Hermann, J. (2001). Black and Indigenous Women: Law vs. Reality in Barsted, L. L., Hermann, J, and de Mello, M. E. V., eds. Brazil: Women and Legislation against Racism. Rio de Janeiro: Cepia, 39–84.Google Scholar

Barzelay, M. (2001). The New Public Management: Improving Research and Policy Dialogue (V3). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Basilico, M., Weigel, J., Motgi, A., Bor, J., & Keshavjee, S. (2013). Health for All? Competing Theories and Geopolitics in Farmer, P., Kim, J. Y., Kleinman, A., Basilico, M., eds., Reimagining Global Health: An Introduction. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 74–110.Google Scholar

Bastagli, F., Hagen-Zanker, J., Harman, L., et al. (2016). Cash Transfers: What Does the Evidence Say? A Rigorous Review of Impacts and the Role of Design and Implementation Features. London, UK: Overseas Development Institute.Google Scholar

Batista de Oliveira, L. F. & Soares, S. S. (2013). The Impact of the Programa Bolsa Família on Grade Repetition: Results from the Single Registry, Attendance Project and School Census (IPC Working Paper No. 119). Brasilia, DF: International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.Google Scholar

Batliwala, S. (1994). The Meaning of Women’s Empowerment: New Concepts from Action in Sen, G., Germain, A. & Chen, L. C., eds., Population Policies Reconsidered: Health, Empowerment, and Rights. Boston, MA, Harvard University, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, 127–138.Google Scholar

Batliwala, S. (1998). Status of Rural Women in Karnataka. Bangalore: National Institute of Advanced Studies.Google Scholar

Batliwala, S. (2007). Taking the Power Out of Empowerment: An Experiential Account. Development in Practice, 17(4–5), 557–565.Google Scholar

Baud, I. S., Scott, D., Pfeffer, K., Sydenstricker-Neto, J. & Denis, E. (2015). Reprint of: Digital and Spatial Knowledge Management in Urban Governance: Emerging Issues in India, Brazil, South Africa, And Peru. Habitat International, 46, 225–233.Google Scholar

Baum, M. & Lake, D. (2003). The Political Economy of Growth: Democracy and Human Capital. American Journal of Political Science, 47(2), 333–347.Google Scholar

Beck, T., Clarke, G., Groff, A., Keefer, P. & Walsh, P. (2016). New Tools in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions. The World Bank Economic Review, 15(1), 165–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Behrman, J. R., Gallardo-Garcia, J., Parker, S. W., Todd, P. E., & Vélez-Grajales, V. (2012). Are Conditional Cash Transfers Effective in Urban Areas? Evidence from Mexico. Education Economics, 20(3), 233–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bellinger, N. M., & Son, B. (2018). Political Parties and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows among Developing Countries. Political Studies, 1–20.Google Scholar

Beltrão, K. I. & Alves, J. E. D. (2009). Reversal of the Gender Gap in Brazilian Education in the 20th Century. Cadernos de Pesquisa, 39(136), 125–156. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-15742009000100007.Google Scholar

Bennett, A. (2010). Process Tracing and Causal Inference in Brady, H. & Collier, D., eds., Rethinking Social Inquiry. New York, NY: Rowman and Littlefield, 207–220.Google Scholar

Besley, T., & Kudamatsu, M. (2006). Health and Democracy. The American Economic Review, 96(2), 313–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bhagwati, J., & Panagariya, A. (2013). Why Growth Matters: How Economic Growth in India Reduced Poverty and the Lessons for Other Developing Countries. London, UK: Hachette UK.Google Scholar

Birdsall, N., Bruns, B., Sabot, R. S. (1996). Education in Brazil: Playing a Bad Hand Badly in Birdsall, N. & Sabot, R. H., eds., Opportunity Foregone: Education in Brazil. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 7–48.Google Scholar

Bither‐Terry, R. (2014). Reducing Poverty Intensity: What Alternative Poverty Measures Reveal about the Impact of Brazil’s Bolsa Família. Latin American Politics and Society, 56(4), 143–158.Google Scholar

Blais, A., & Lago, I. (2009). A General Measure of District Competitiveness. Electoral Studies, 28(1), 94–100.Google Scholar

Bockstael, V. (2017). Rôle des Agences Régionales de Santé (ARS) dans l’organisation des Parcours de Soins. Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques, 11(1), 52–54.Google Scholar

Booth, A. (1999). Initial Conditions and Miraculous Growth: Why Is South East Asia Different from Taiwan and South Korea? World Development, 27(2), 301–321.Google Scholar

Boulding, C. & Brown, D. S. (2013). Political Competition and Local Social Spending: Evidence from Brazil. Studies in Comparative International Development, 49(2), 197–216.Google Scholar

Brazil, (1988). Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Brasília, DF: Senado Federal.Google Scholar

Brazil, (1991). Decreto No. 104 de 11 de Junho de 1991. Brasilia, DF: Governo do Brazil.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (1995). Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios 1995. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2000). Poverty in Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2003). Mapa de Pobreza e Desigualdade: Municípios Brasileiros 2003. Retrieved from: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?id=2100513&view=detalhes.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2010). 2010 Population Census. Retrieved from: www.ibge.gov.br/english/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/default.shtm.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2016). Pesquisa de Informacoes Basicas Municipais – Perfil dos Municipios Brasileiros 2015. Retrieved from: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv95942.pdf.Google Scholar

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2017). Survey of Employment and Salary. Brasilia, D.F.: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.Google Scholar

Bresser Pereira, L. C. (1998). Reforma do Estado para a Cidadania: A Reforma Gerencial Brasileira na Perspectiva Internacional. Sao Paulo, SP: Editora 34.Google Scholar

Brown, D. & Hunter, W. (2004). Democracy and Human Capital Formation Education Spending in Latin America, 1980 to 1997. Comparative Political Studies, 37(7), 842–864.Google Scholar

Brown, D. & Mobarak, M. (2009). The Transforming Power of Democracy: Regime Type and the Distribution of Electricity. American Political Science Review, 103(02), 193–213.Google Scholar

Brown, D., Touchton, M. & Whitford, A. (2011). Political Polarization as a Constraint on Government: Evidence from Corruption. World Development, 39(9), 1516–1529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Brownson, R. C., Colditz, G. A., Proctor, E. K. (eds.) (2017). Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Bruns, B., Evans, D. & Luque, J. (2012). Achieving World-Class Education in Brazil: The Next Agenda. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Budlender, D. (2000). The Political Economy of Women’s Budgets in the South. World Development, 28(7), 1365–1378.Google Scholar

Burdick, J. (1993). Looking for God in Brazil: The Progressive Catholic Church in Urban Brazil’s Religious Arena. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Burdick, J., & Hewitt, W. E. (eds.) (2000). The Church at the Grassroots in Latin America: Perspectives on Thirty Years of Activism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group.Google Scholar

JrBurkle, F. M.. (2006). Globalization and Disasters: Issues of Public Health, State Capacity and Political Action. Journal of International Affairs, 241–265.Google Scholar

Caldwell, K. (2007). Negras in Brazil: Re-Envisioning Black Women, Citizenship, and the Politics of Identity. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar

Camargo, C. F., Curralero, C. R. B., Licio, E. C. & Mostafa, J. (2013). Perfil Socioeconómico dos Beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família in Campello, T. & Neri, M. C., eds., Programa Bolsa Família: Uma Década de Inclusão e Cidadania. Brasília, DF: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, 157–178.Google Scholar

Cameron, A. & Trivedi, P. (2009). Microeconometrics Using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Press.Google Scholar

Campbell, T. (2003). The Quiet Revolution: Decentralization and the Rise of Political Participation in Latin American Cities. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar

Campbell, O. M., Graham, W. J. (2006). Strategies for Reducing Maternal Mortality: Getting on with What Works. The Lancet, 368(9543), 1284–1299.Google Scholar

Cao, X., & Ward, H. (2015). Winning Coalition Size, State Capacity, and Time Horizons: An Application of Modified Selectorate Theory to Environmental Public Goods Provision. International Studies Quarterly, 59(2), 264–279.Google Scholar

Cardoso, F. H., & Faletto, E. (1969). Dependencia Y Desarrollo En América Latina: Ensayo De Interpretación Sociológica. Mexico: Siglo XXI Editores.Google Scholar

Carnoy, M. (2015). International Test Score Comparisons and Educational Policy: A Review of the Critiques. Boulder, CO: National Education Policy Center.Google Scholar

Centeno, M. A., Kohli, A., & Yashar, D. J. (2017). Unpacking States in the Developing World: Capacity, Performance, and Politics in Centeno, M. A., Kohli, A., Yashar, D. J., eds., States in the Developing World. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1–34.Google Scholar

Chapman, A. R. (2016). Health and Human Rights in the Neoliberal Era in Chapman, A., Global Health, Human Rights and the Challenge of Neoliberal Politics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 72–114.Google Scholar

Chaudhary, L., Musacchio, A., Nafziger, S. & Yan, S. (2012). Big BRICs, Weak Foundations: The Beginning of Public Elementary Education in Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Explorations in Economic History, 49(2), 221–240.Google Scholar

Cheibub, J. A. & Przeworski, A. (1999). Democracy, Elections, and Accountability for Economic Outcomes. Democracy, Accountability, and Representation, 222–250.Google Scholar

Cleary, M. R. (2007). Electoral Competition, Participation, and Government Responsiveness in Mexico. American Journal of Political Science, 51(2), 283–299.Google Scholar

Cleary, M. R. (2010). The Sources of Democratic Responsiveness in Mexico. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Collar, J. M., Almeida Neto, J. B. D., & Ferla, A. A. (2015). Formulação e Impacto do Programa Mais Médicos na Atenção e Cuidado em Saúde: Contribuições Iniciais e Análise Comparativa. Saúde em Redes, 1(2), 43–56.Google Scholar

Collier, D., Brady, H. E. & Seawright, J. (2004). Sources of Leverage in Causal Inference: towards an Alternative View of Methodology in Brady, H. & Collier, D., eds., Rethinking Social Inquiry. New York, NY: Rowman and Littlefield, 161–200.Google Scholar

Collier, D., & Levitsky, S. (1997). Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research. World Politics, 49(3), 430–451.Google Scholar

Collier, P. (2008). The Bottom Billion. Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done about It. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Collier, R. B., & Collier, D. (2002). Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Collucci, C. (2018) Brazil’s Child and Maternal Mortality Have Increased against Background of Public Spending Cuts. BMJ 362: 3585.Google Scholar

Coppedge, M., Gerring, J., Lindberg, S., et al. (2015). V-Dem [Country-Year/Country-Date] Dataset V4. Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.Google Scholar

Coppedge, M., Gerring, J., Lindberg, S., et al. (2016). “V-Dem [Country-Year/Country-Date] Dataset V6.” Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.Google Scholar

Cornwall, A. (2003). Whose Voices? Whose choices? Reflections on Gender And Participatory Development. World Development, 31(8), 1325–1342.Google Scholar

Cornwall, A. & Coelho, V. S. (eds.) (2007). Spaces for Change? The Politics of Citizen Participation in New Democratic Arenas (V 4). London, UK: Zed Books.Google Scholar

Cornwall, A., Harrison, E., & Whitehead, A. (2007). Gender Myths and Feminist Fables: The Struggle for Interpretive Power in Gender and Development. Development and Change, 38(1): 1–20.Google Scholar

Corrales, J. (1999). The Politics of Education Reform. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Couto, C. G. (1995). O Desafio de ser Governo: O PT na Prefeitura de São Paulo, 1989–1992, Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Paz e Terra Editora.Google Scholar

Cox, G. W., & McCubbins, M. D. (1986). Electoral Politics as a Redistributive Game. The Journal of Politics, 48(2), 370–389.Google Scholar

Cremin, P. & Nakabugo, M. G. (2012). Education, Development and Poverty Reduction: A Literature Critique. International Journal of Educational Development, 32(4), 499–506.Google Scholar

Crocker, D. A. (2008). Ethics of Global Development: Agency, Capability, and Deliberative Democracy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Cruz, M., Foster, J., Quillin, B. & Schellekens, P. (2015). Ending Extreme Poverty and Sharing Prosperity: Progress and Policies (Policy Research Note PRN/15/03). Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Cruz, M. d. C. M. T., Farah, M.F.S. & Sugiyama, N.B. (2014). Normatizações Federais e a Oferta de Matrículas em Creches no Brasil. Estudos em Avaliação Educacional, 25(59): 202–241.Google Scholar

Cueto, M. (2004). The Origins of Primary Health Care and Selective Primary Health Care. American Journal of Public Health, 94(11), 1864–1874.Google Scholar

Cueto, M. (2005). The Promise of Primary Health Care. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 10(2) 1–27.Google Scholar

Cueto, M. (2007). The Value of Health: A History of the Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization.Google Scholar

Dagnino, E. (1994). Os Movimentos Aociais e a Emergência de Uma Nova Noção de Cidadania in Dagnino, E., ed., Anos 90: Política e Sociedade no Brasil. Tatuape, SP: Editora Brasiliense, 103–115.Google Scholar

Dagnino, E. (1998). Culture, Citizenship, and Democracy: Changing Discourses And Practices of the Latin American Left in Alvarez, S. E., Dagnino, E. & Escobar, A., eds., Cultures of Politics/Politics of Cultures: Revisioning Latin American Social Movements. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar

Dahl, R. A. (1971). Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Dahl, R. A. (1989). Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

De Brauw, A., Gilligan, D. O., Hoddinott, J. & Roy, S. (2014). The Impact of Bolsa Família on Women’s Decision-Making Power. World Development, 59, 487–504.Google Scholar

De la O, A. L. (2015). Crafting Policies to End Poverty in Latin America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

De Soto, H. (2000). The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else. New York, NY: Basic Civitas Books.Google Scholar

de Souza, P. H. (2012). Poverty, Inequality and Social Policies in Brazil, 1995–2009 (Working Paper No. 87). Brasilia, DF: International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.Google Scholar

Desposato, S. (2007). How Does Vote Buying Shape the Legislative Arena? in Schaffer, F.C., ed., Elections for Sale. Boulder, CO: Lynn Rienner.Google Scholar

Dewey, J. (1937). Education and Social Change. Bulletin of the American Association of University Professors, 23(6), 472–474.Google Scholar

Dewey, J. (2004). Democracy and Education, North Chelmsford, MA: Courier Corporation.Google Scholar

Diamond, L. (1999). Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar

Diaz-Cayeros, A., Estévez, F. & Magaloni, B. (2016). The Political Logic of Poverty Relief: Electoral Strategies and Social Policy in Mexico. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Diniz, D., Medeiros, M. & Madeiro, A. (2017). National Abortion Survey 2016. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 22(2), 653–60.Google Scholar

Dixon, K., & Johnson, O. A. (eds.) (2018). Comparative Racial Politics in Latin America. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dollar, D., Kleineberg, T. & Kraay, A. (2016). Growth Still Is Good for the Poor. European Economic Review, 81, 68–85.Google Scholar

Dollar, D. & Kraay, A. (2001). Trade, Growth, and Poverty (Working Paper No. WPS 2615). Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Dollar, D. & Kraay, A. (2002). Growth Is Good for the Poor. Journal of Economic Growth, 7(3), 195–225.Google Scholar

Downs, A. (1957). An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy. The Journal of Political Economy, 65(2), 135–150.Google Scholar

Drèze, J., & Sen, A. (eds.). (1995). Indian Development: Selected Regional Perspective. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Drèze, J. & Sen, A. (2002). India: Development and Participation. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Drèze, J., & Sen, A. (2013). An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Dryzek, J. (2000). Deliberative Democracy and Beyond: Liberals, Critics, Contestations. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Duflo, E. (2001). Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction in Indonesia: Evidence from an Unusual Policy Experiment. American Economic Review, 91(4), 795–814.Google Scholar

Dye, T. R. (2016). Understanding Public Policy, 15th ed. New York, NY: Pearson.Google Scholar

Eakin, M. (1997). Brazil: The Once and Future Country. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar

Easterly, W. (2006). Reliving the 1950s: The Big Push, Poverty Traps, and Takeoffs in Economic Development. Journal of Economic Growth, 11(4), 289–318.Google Scholar

Eaton, K. & Dickovick, T. (2004). The Politics of Re-centralization in Argentina and Brazil. Latin American Research Review, 39(1), 90–122.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (1990). The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (2002). A new gender contract in Esping-Andersen, G., Gallie, D, Hemerijc, A. & Myles, John, eds., Why We Need a New Welfare State. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (2017). Politics against Markets: The Social Democratic Road to Power, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Evans, P. & Heller, P. (2015). Human Development, State Transformation and the Politics of the Developmental State in Leibfried, S., Huber, E., Lange, M., Levy, J. D. & Nullmeier, F., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Transformations of the State. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 691–713.Google Scholar

Evans, P., Huber, E. & Stephens, J. (2017). The Political Foundations of State Effectiveness in Centeno, M. A., Kohli, A., & Yashar, D. J., eds., States in the Developing World. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 380–408.Google Scholar

Evans, P., Rueschemeyer, D., & Skocpol, T. (eds.) (1985). Bringing the State Back in, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Faguet, J. P. (2008). Decentralisation’s Effects on Public Investment: Evidence and Policy Lessons from Bolivia and Colombia. The Journal of Development Studies, 44(8), 1100–1121.Google Scholar

Falleti, T. G. (2010). Decentralization and Subnational Politics in Latin America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Falleti, T. G., & Cunial, S. L. (2018). Participation in Social Policy: Public Health in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Falleti, T. G., & Lynch, J. F. (2009). Context and Causal Mechanisms in Political Analysis. Comparative Political Studies, 42(9), 1143–1166.Google Scholar

Falleti, T. G., & Parrado, E. A. (eds.) (2017). Latin America since the Left Turn, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Fan, S., Zhang, L. & Zhang, X. (2002). Growth, Inequality, and Poverty in Rural China: The Role of Public Investments (Research Repot No.125). Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.Google Scholar

Farah, M. F. S. (1997). Gestão Pública e Cidadania: Iniciativas Inovadoras na Administração Subnacional no Brasil. Revista de Administração Pública, 31(4), 126–156.Google Scholar

Farah, M. S. F., & Barboza, H. B. (eds.) (2000). Vinte Experiências de Gestão Pública e Cidadania, São Paulo, SP: Programa Gestão Pública e Cidadania.Google Scholar

Farah, M. F. S., & Spink, P. (2009). Subnational Government Innovation in a Comparative Perspective: Brazil in Borins, S. F., ed., Innovations in Government: Research, Recognition, and Replication. Washignton, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 71–92.Google Scholar

Farmer, P., Basilico, M., Kerry, V., et al. (2013). Global Health Priorities for the Early Twenty-First Century in Farmer, P., Kim, J. Y., Kleinman, A., Basilico, M., eds., Reimagining Global Health: An Introduction. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 302–339.Google Scholar

Feld, L. P., Fischer, J. A. & Kirchgässner, G. (2010). The Effect of Direct Democracy on Income Redistribution: Evidence for Switzerland. Economic Inquiry, 48(4), 817–840.Google Scholar

Fenwick, T. B. (2009). Avoiding Governors: The Success of Bolsa Família. Latin American Research Review, 44(1), 102–131.Google Scholar

Fenwick, T. B. (2015). Avoiding Governors: Federalism, Democracy, and Poverty Alleviation in Brazil and Argentina. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Ferraz, C., & Finan, F. (2008). Exposing Corrupt Politicians: The Effects of Brazil’s Publicly Released Audits on Electoral Outcomes. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 123(2), 703–745.Google Scholar

Ferraz, C. & Finan, F. (2011). Electoral Accountability and Corruption: Evidence from the Audits of Local Governments. American Economic Review, 101(4), 1274–1311.Google Scholar

Ferreira, F. (2010). Distributions in Motion: Economic Growth, Inequality, and Poverty Dynamics (ECINEQ Working Paper 2010 – 183). Verona, IT: Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.Google Scholar

Ferreira, F., Leite, P. G. & Ravallion, M. (2010). Poverty Reduction without Economic Growth? Explaining Brazil’s Poverty Dynamics, 1985–2004. Journal of Development Economics, 93(1), 20–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fields, G. S. (1977). Who Benefits from Economic Development? A Reexamination of Brazilian Growth in the 1960’s. The American Economic Review, 67(4), 570–582.Google Scholar

Filippi, V., Chou, D., Ronsmans, C., Graham, W., & Say, L. (2016). Levels and Causes of Maternal Mortality and Morbidity in Black, R. E., Laxminarayan, R., Temmerman, M., & Walker, N., eds., Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health: Disease Control Priorities (V 2), 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group.Google Scholar

FIRJAN (2015). Índice FIRJAN de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM). Retrieved from: www.firjan.com.br/ifdm/Google Scholar

Fishkin, J. S. (1991). Democracy and Deliberation: New Directions for Democratic Reform. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Fiszbein, A. & Schady, N. (2009). Conditional Cash Transfers: A World Bank Policy Research Report. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Fleischer, D. (2002). As Eleições Municipais no Brasil: Uma Análise Comparativa (1982–2000). Opinião Pública, 8(1), 80–105.Google Scholar

Font, J. (2005). Participación Ciudadana y Decisiones Públicas: Conceptos, Experiencias y Metodologías in Ziccardi, A., ed., Participación Ciudadana Y Políticas Sociales En El Ámbito Local. Mexico: Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 23–41.Google Scholar

Font, J., Smith, G., Galais, C. & Alarcón, P. (2017). Cherry‐Picking Participation: Explaining the Fate of Proposals from Participatory Processes. European Journal of Political Research. 57(3), 614–636.Google Scholar

Font, M. A. (2003). Transforming Brazil: A Reform Era in Perspective. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.Google Scholar

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2018). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World: Building Climate Resilience for Food Security and Nutrition. Rome, Italy: FAO.Google Scholar

Fox, J. (2015). Social Accountability: What Does the Evidence Really Say? World Development, 72, 346–371.Google Scholar

Franco, A., Álvarez-Dardet, C., & Ruiz, M. T. (2004). Effect of Democracy on Health: Ecological study. BMJ, 329(7480), 1421–1423.Google Scholar

Freeland, N. (2007). Superfluous, Pernicious, Atrocious and Abominable? The Case against Conditional Cash Transfers. IDS Bulletin, 38(3), 75–78.Google Scholar

Frees, E. (2004). Longitudinal and Panel Data: Analysis and Applications in the Social Sciences. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frey, B. S. (1994). Direct Democracy: Politico-Economic Lessons from Swiss Experience. The American Economic Review, 84(2), 338–342.Google Scholar

Fried, B. (2012). Distributive Politics and Conditional Cash Transfers: The Case of Brazil’s Bolsa Família. World Development, 40 (5), 1042–1053.Google Scholar

Friedman, E.J. & Hochstetler, K. (2002). Assessing the Third Transition in Latin American Democratization: Representational Regimes and Civil Society in Argentina and Brazil. Comparative Politics, 35(1), 21–42.Google Scholar

Fritscher, A. M., Musacchio, A. & Viarengo, M. (2010). The Great Leap Forward: The Political Economy of Education in Brazil, 1889–1930 (Working Paper No. 2010–18). Mexico City, ME: Banco de México.Google Scholar

Fukuyama, F. (2003). Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution, New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar

Fung, A. (2006). Varieties of Participation in Complex Governance. Public Administration Review, 66, 66–75.Google Scholar

Fung, A. & Wright, E. O. (2001). Deepening Democracy: Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance. Politics and Society, 29(1), 5–42.Google Scholar

Fung, A. & Wright, E. O. (eds.) (2003). Deepening Democracy: Institutional Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance. London, UK: Verso.Google Scholar

Garay, C. (2017). Social Policy Expansion in Latin America. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

García, S., & Saavedra, J. E. (2017). Educational Impacts and Cost-Effectiveness of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Developing Countries: A Meta-Analysis. Review of Educational Research, 87 (5), 921-965.Google Scholar

Gauri, V. & Lieberman, E. S. (2006). Boundary Institutions and HIV/AIDS Policy in Brazil and South Africa. Studies in Comparative International Development, 41(3), 47–73.Google Scholar

Gaventa, J. & McGee, R. (2013). The Impact of Transparency and Accountability Initiatives. Development Policy Review, 31(S1), 3–28.Google Scholar

Gay, R. (1990). Community Organization and Clientelist Politics in Contemporary Brazil: A Case Study from Suburban Rio de Janeiro. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 14(4), 648–666.Google Scholar

Gay, R. (2010). Popular Organization and Democracy in Rio de Janeiro: A Tale of Two Favelas. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar

Geddes, B. (1994). Politician’s Dilemma: Building State Capacity in Latin America (V25). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Gerring, J., Knutsen, C., Skaaning, S., et al. (2015). Electoral Democracy and Human Development (V-Dem Institute Working Paper 2015:9). Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2652180.Google Scholar

Gerring, J., Thacker, S. & Alfaro, R. (2012). Democracy and Human Development. The Journal of Politics, 74(1), 1–17.Google Scholar

Gibson, C. L. (2017). The Consequences of Urban Brazil’s Sanitarist Movement for Primary Public Health Care Expansion and Declining Infant Mortality, paper prepared for Stanford University GSB Seminar in Organizational Studies, Stanford, California.Google Scholar

Gibson, E. (2013). Boundary Control: Subnational Authoritarianism in Federal Democracies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Gilligan, D. & Fruttero, A. (2011, October). Presentation: The Impact of Bolsa Família on Education and Health Outcomes in Brazil. Report on Select Findings of IFPRI evaluation done by A. de Brauw, D. Gilligan, J. Hoddinott, & S. Roy, presented at Second Generation of CCTs Evaluations Conference, Washington, DC.Google Scholar

Giraudy, A. (2013). Varieties of Subnational Undemocratic Regimes: Evidence from Argentina and Mexico. Studies in Comparative International Development, 48(1), 51–80.Google Scholar

Glewwe, P. & Kremer, M. (2006). Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries. Handbook of the Economics of Education, 2, 945–1017.Google Scholar

Goetz, A. M. (2007). National Women’s Machinery: State Based Institutions to Advocate for Gender Equality in Rai, S., ed., Mainstreaming Gender, Democratizing the State? Institutional mechanisms for the Advancement of Women. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.Google Scholar

Goldfrank, B. (2011). Deepening Local Democracy in Latin America: Participation, Decentralization and the Left. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar

Gomes, E. T. & Barboza, M. S. (2003). A Organização Espacial Através das Redes em Uma Cidade Média do Nordeste do Brasil: Garanhuns-PE. Scripta Nova, 7(146).Google Scholar

Gomez, P., Friedman, J., & Shapiro, I. (2005). Opening Budgets to Public Understanding and Debate. OECD Journal on Budgeting, 5(1), 7–36.Google Scholar

Gomide, A. D. A., & Pires, R. (2014). Capacidades Estatais E Democracia: A Abordagem dos Arranjos Institucionais para Análise de Políticas Públicas. Brasilia, DF: Ipea.Google Scholar

Gonçalves, S. (2014). The Effects of Participatory Budgeting on Municipal Expenditures and Infant Mortality in Brazil. World Development, 53, 94–110.Google Scholar

Gradin, C. (2007). Why Is Poverty So High Among Afro-Brazilians? A Decomposition Analysis of the Racial Poverty Gap. The Journal of Development Studies, 45(9), 1426–1452.Google Scholar

Graham, C. (1994). Safety Nets, Politics, and the Poor: Transitions to Market Economies in Latin America. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar

Graham, R. (1990). Patronage and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Brazil. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Grindle, M. S. (2004). Good Enough Governance: Poverty Reduction and Reform in Developing Countries. Governance, 17(4), 525–548.Google Scholar

Grindle, M. S. (2007). Going Local: Decentralization, Democratization, and the Promise of Good Governance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Guanais, F., & Macinko, J. (2009). Primary Care and Avoidable Hospitalizations: Evidence from Brazil. The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 32(2), 115–122.Google Scholar

Gurza Lavalle, A., Voigt, J. & Serafim, L. (2015). Afinal o que Fazem os Conselhos e Quando o Fazem: Padrões Decisórios e o Debate dos Efeitos das Instituições Participativas. Dados, 59(3), 609–650.Google Scholar

Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the Periphery: The Politics of Growth in the Newly Industrializing Countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Haggard, S. & Kaufman, R. R. (1997). The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions. Comparative Politics, 29(3), 263–283.Google Scholar

Hagopian, F. (1996). Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hagopian, F. (2016). Brazil’s Accountability Paradox. Journal of Democracy, 27(3), 119–128.Google Scholar

Hall, A. (2006). From Fome Zero to Bolsa Família: Social Policies and Poverty Alleviation under Lula. Journal of Latin American Studies, 38(4), 689–709.Google Scholar

Hanushek, E. A. (2013). Economic Growth in Developing Countries: The Role of Human Capital. Economics of Education Review, 37, 204–212.Google Scholar

Harding, R., & Stasavage, D. (2014). What Democracy Does (and Doesn’t) Do for Basic Services: School Fees, School Quality, and African Elections. Journal of Politics, 76(1), 229–245Google Scholar

Hartz-Karp, J. (2012). Laying the Groundwork for Participatory Budgeting – Developing a Deliberative Community and Collaborative Governance: Greater Geraldton, Western Australia. Journal of Public Deliberation, 8(2), 1–18.Google Scholar

Heller, P. (2017). Development in the City: Growth and Inclusion in India, Brazil and South Africa in Centeno, M. A., Kohli, A., Yashar, D. J., eds., States in the Developing World. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 309–338.Google Scholar

Hellmann, A. G. (2015). How Does Bolsa Familia Work? Best Practices in the Implementation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. IDB Technical Note, 856.Google Scholar

Hilbe, J. (2007). Negative Binomial Regression, 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Ho, D. E., Imai, K., King, G., & Stuart, E. A. (2007). Matching as Nonparametric Preprocessing for Reducing Model Dependence in Parametric Causal Inference. Political Analysis, 15(3), 199–236.Google Scholar

Hochstetler, K. (2000). Democratizing Pressures from Below? Social Movements in the New Brazilian Democracy in Kingstone, P. & Power, T. J., eds., Democratic Brazil: Actors, Institutions, and Processes. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 167–184.Google Scholar

Hodgson, G. M. (2017). Institutions, Democracy and Economic Development: On Not Throwing Out the Liberal Baby with the Neoliberal Bathwater in Bitros, G. C., Kyriazis, N. C., eds., Democracy and an Open-Economy World Order. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 51–63.Google Scholar

Holston, J. (2008). Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Howlett, M., & Ramesh, M. (2003). Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystems. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Htun, M. (2003). Dimensions of Political Inclusion and Exclusion in Brazil: Gender and Race. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank, Department of Sustainable Development.Google Scholar

Htun, M., & Piscopo, J. (2014). Women in Politics and Policy in Latin America and the Caribbean (Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum CPPF Working Papers on Women in Politics, V 2). Brooklyn, NY: Social Science Research Council.Google Scholar

Huber, E. (1996). Options for Social Policy in Latin America in Esping-Andersen, G., ed., Welfare States in Transition. London, UK: Sage Publications, 141–191.Google Scholar

Huber, E. & Stephens, J. D. (2001). Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Huber, E. & Stephens, J. D. (2012). Democracy and the Left: Social Policy and Inequality in Latin America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Hunter, W. (2010). The Transformation of the Workers’ Party in Brazil, 1989–2009. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hunter, W. & Sugiyama, N. B. (2009). Democracy and Social Policy in Brazil: Advancing Basic Needs, Preserving Privileged Interest. Latin American Politics and Society, 51(2), 29–58.Google Scholar

Hunter, W. & Sugiyama, N.B. (2014). Transforming Subjects into Citizens: Insights from Brazil’s Bolsa Família. Perspectives on Politics, 12(4), 829–845.Google Scholar

Hunter, W. & Sugiyama, N. B. (2017). Making the Newest Citizens: Achieving Universal Birth Registration in Contemporary Brazil. The Journal of Development Studies, 1–16Google Scholar

Huntington, S. P. & Harrison, L. E. (2000). Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress, New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar

IBGE Cidades (2010). IBGE Cidades (Database). Retrieved from: https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/ba/amargosa/panorama.Google Scholar

IBGE MUNIC (2013). Perfil dos Municípios Brasileiros – 2013. Retrieved from: https://ww2.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/economia/perfilmunic/2013/default.shtm.Google Scholar

Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (2016). Censo Escolar da Educação Básica. 2016. Brasilia, DF: Ministerio da Educacao.Google Scholar

International Labor Organization (2018). World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends for Women 2018 – Global Snapshot. Geneva: International Labor Organization.Google Scholar

Interparliamentary Union (2016). Women in National Parliaments (PARLINE Database). Retrieved from: www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm.Google Scholar

Jaccoud, L, Hadjab, P. D. E., & Chaibub, J. R. (2010). The Consolidation of Social Assistance in Brazil and Its Challenges, 1998–2008 (Working Paper No. 76). Brasilia, D.F.: International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.Google Scholar

Jacobi, P. (1989). Movimentos Sociais e Políticas Públicas: Demands por Saneamento Básico e Saúde São Paulo 1974–84. São Paulo, SP: Cortez Editora.Google Scholar

Jann, W. & Wegrich, K. (2007). Theories of the Policy Cycle in Fischer, F. & Miller, G. J., eds., Handbook of Public Policy Analysis: Theory, Politics and Methods. Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 43–62.Google Scholar

Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy: 1925–1975. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Johnson, O. A. (1998). Racial Representation and Brazilian Politics: Black Members of the National Congress, 1983–1999. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 40(4), 97–118.Google Scholar

Kabeer, N. (2005). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: A Critical Analysis of the Third Millennium Development Goal. Gender and Development, 13(1), 13–24.Google Scholar

Kaufman, R. R., & Nelson, J. M. (2004). Crucial Needs, Weak Incentives: Social Sector Reform, Democratization, and Globalization in Latin America. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.Google Scholar

Keck, M. (1995). The Workers’ Party and Democratization in Brazil, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Keefer, P. (1999). When Do Special Interests Run Rampant? Disentangling the Role of Elections, Incomplete Information and Checks and Balances in Banking Crises (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2543). Retrieved from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=632610Google Scholar

Keefer, P. (2007). The Poor Performance of Poor Democracies in Boix, C. & Stokes, S. C., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 886–909.Google Scholar

Keefer, P., & Khemani, S. (2003). Democracy, Public Expenditures, and the Poor. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar

Kerche, F. (2014). O Ministério Público no Brasil: Relevância, Características e Uma Agenda para o Futuro. Revista USP, (101), 113–120.Google Scholar

Khandker, S. R., Koolwal, G. B. & Samad, H. A. (2009). Handbook on Impact Evaluation: Quantitative Methods and Practices. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar

King, G., Keohane, R. & Verba, S. (1994). Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Kingstone, P., & Power, T. J. (eds.). (2017). Democratic Brazil Divided. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar

Kitschelt, H. (2000). Linkages between Citizens and Politicians in Democratic Polities. Comparative Political Studies, 33(6–7), 845–879.Google Scholar

Kitschelt, H., Hawkins, K. A., Luna, J. P., Rosas, G., & Zechmeister, E. J. (2010). Latin American Party System., New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Knobel, M. (2014, January 12). Brazil’s Scary PISA Results. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved from: www.insidehighered.com/blogs/world-view/brazils-scary-pisa-results.Google Scholar

Kohli, A. (2004). State-Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Kolehmainen-Aitken, R. L. (2004). Decentralization’s Impact on the Health Workforce: Perspectives of Managers, Workers and National Leaders. Human Resources for Health, 2(5), 1–11.Google Scholar

Kosack, S. (2012). The Education of Nations: How the Political Organization of the Poor, Not Democracy, Led Governments to Invest in Mass Education. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Lake, D. & Baum, M. (2001). The Invisible Hand of Democracy Political Control and the Provision of Public Services. Comparative Political Studies, 34(6), 587–621.Google Scholar

Lasker, R. D., & Weiss, E. S. (2003). Broadening Participation in Community Problem Solving: A Multidisciplinary Model to Support Collaborative Practice and Research. Journal of Urban Health, 80(1), 14–47.Google Scholar

Laurell, A. C., & Giovanella, L. (2018). Health Policies and Systems in Latin America. Oxford Encyclopedia of Global Public Health. Retrieved from: http://oxfordre.com/publichealth/abstract/10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.001.0001/acrefore-9780190632366-e-60Google Scholar

Layton, M. L. (2019). Bolsa Familia: Historical, Popular and Electoral Perspectives in Ames, B., ed., Routledge Handbook of Brazilian Politics, New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar

Leal, V. N. (1997). Coronelismo, Enxada e Voto: O Município e o Regime Representativo no Brasil, 3rd ed. São Paulo, SP: Editora Nova Fronteira.Google Scholar

Leão Rego, A. & Pinzani, M. (2013). Vozes do Bolsa Família: Autonomia, Dinheiro e Cidadania. São Paulo, SP: Editora da Unesp.Google Scholar

Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (Lei Complementar nº 101). (2000). Diario Oficial da Uniao. Brasilia, DF: Government of Brazil.Google Scholar

Levine, D. H., & Molina, J. E. (eds.). (2011). The Quality of Democracy in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.Google Scholar

Lieberman, E. S. (2005). Nested Analysis as a Mixed-Method Strategy for Comparative Research. American Political Science Review, 99(3), 435–452.Google Scholar

Lim, S. S., Dandona, L., Hoisington, J. A., et al. (2010). India’s Janani Suraksha Yojana, a Conditional Cash Transfer Programme to Increase Births in Health Facilities: An Impact Evaluation. The Lancet, 375(9730), 2009–2023.Google Scholar

Lima, I. M. (2011). Os Conselhos Escolares e a Construção da Gestão Democrática no Município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes (Unpublished master’s thesis). Recife, PE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.Google Scholar

Lindberg, S. I., Coppedge, M., Gerring, J. & Teorell, J. (2014). V-Dem: A New Way to Measure Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 25(3), 159–169.Google Scholar

Lindert, K. (2005). Brazil: Bolsa Família Program – Scaling-Up Cash Transfers for the Poor in Managing for Development Results Principles in Action: Sourcebook on Emerging Good Practices. Retrieved from: http://www.mfdr.org/Sourcebook/1stEdition/6-1Brazil-BolsaFamilia.pdfGoogle Scholar

Lindert, K., Linder, A., Hobbs, J. & Brière, B. de la. (2007). The Nuts and Bolts of Brazil’s Bolsa Família Program: Implementing Conditional Cash Transfers in a Decentralized Context (SP Discussion Paper No. 0709). Washington, D.C.: World Bank.Google Scholar

Lindert, P. H. (2004). Growing Public: Volume 1, The Story: Social Spending and Economic Growth since the Eighteenth Century. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Linz, J. J., & Stepan, A. (1996). Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore, Maryland: John Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar

Lopez-Calva, L. & Rocha, S. (2012). Exiting Belindia? Lesson from the Recent Decline in Income Inequality in Brazil. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar

Lüchmann, L. H., & Almeida, C. C. (2010). A Representação Política das Mulheres nos Conselhos Gestores de Políticas Públicas. Revista Katálysis, 13(1), 86–94.Google Scholar

Lüchmann, L. H. H., Almeida, C. & Gimenes, É. R. (2016). Gênero e Representação Política nos Conselhos Gestores no Brasil. Dados, 59(3), 789–822.Google Scholar

Lupu, N., & Riedl, R. B. (2013). Political Parties and Uncertainty in Developing Democracies. Comparative Political Studies, 46(11), 1339–1365.Google Scholar

Lustig, N., Lopez-Calva, L. & Ortiz-Juarez, E. (2013). Declining Inequality in Latin America in the 2000s: The Cases of Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. World Development, 44, 129–141.Google Scholar

Machado, M. G. (2009). História e Memória na Formação de Identidades no Castainho: Busca de Significados aos Quilombolas em Garanhuns-PE. Retrieved from: www.snh2011.anpuh.org/resources/anais/anpuhnacional/S.25/ANPUH.S25.1500.pdfGoogle Scholar

Macinko, J., Guanais, F., & de Souza, M. (2006). Evaluation of the Impact of the Family Health Program on Infant Mortality in Brazil, 1990–2002. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60(1), 13–19.Google Scholar

Macinko, J. & Harris, M. (2015). Brazil’s Family Health Strategy – Delivering Community-Based Primary Care in a Universal Health System. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(23), 2177–2181.Google Scholar

Maddison, A. (1992). The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity, and Growth: Brazil and Mexico. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Madison, J. (1788). Federalist Paper No. 51, reprinted in The Federalist Papers (1987). New York, NY: Penguin Classics.Google Scholar

Madrid, R. (2003). Retiring the State: The Politics of Pension Privatization in Latin America and Beyond. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Mainwaring, S. (1986). The Catholic Church and Politics in Brazil, 1916–1985. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Mainwaring, S. (1999). Rethinking Party Systems in the Third Wave of Democratization. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Mainwaring, S., & Zoco, E. (2007). Political Sequences and the Stabilization of Interparty Competition: Electoral Volatility in Old and New Democracies. Party Politics, 13(2), 155–178.Google Scholar

Malloy, J. M. (1977). Social Security Policy and the Working Class in Twentieth-Century Brazil. Journal of Interamerican Studies & World Affairs, 19(1): 35–60.Google Scholar

Malloy, J. M. (1979). The Politics of Social Security in Brazil. Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Malta, D. C., Santos, M. A. S., Stopa, S. R., et al. (2016). Family Health Strategy Coverage in Brazil, According to the National Health Survey, 2013. Ciencia & Saude Coletiva, 21(2), 327–338.Google Scholar

Mansbridge, J. (1999). Should Blacks Represent Blacks and Women Represent Women? A Contingent “Yes.” The Journal of Politics, 61(3), 628–657.Google Scholar

Marshall, T. (1950). Citizenship and Social Class, and Other Essays. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Marteleto, L. J. (2012). Educational Inequality by Race in Brazil, 1982–2007: Structural Changes and Shifts in Racial Classification. Demography, 49(1): 337–358.Google Scholar

Marx, J., Borner, J. & Caminotti, M. (2009). Gender Quotas, Candidate Selection, and Electoral Campaign: Comparing Argentina and Brazil in Jaquette, J. S., ed., Feminist Agendas and Democracy in Latin America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 45–64.Google Scholar

Mason, K. O. (1987). The Impact of Women’s Social Position on Fertility in Developing Countries. Sociological Forum, 2(4), 718–745.Google Scholar

Mayhew, D. R. (1974). Congress: The Electoral Connection, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Mayka, L. (2019). Building Participatory Institutions in Latin America: Reform Coalitions and Institutional Change. New York (NY): Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

McAdam, D., McCarthy, J. D. & Zald, M. N. (eds.) (1996). Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

McGuire, J. W. (2006). Basic Health Care Provision and Under-5 Mortality: A Cross-National Study of Developing Countries. World Development, 34(3), 405–425.Google Scholar

McGuire, J. W. (2010). Wealth, Health, and Democracy in East Asia and Latin America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

McNulty, S. (2011). Voice and Vote: Decentralization and Participation in Post-Fujimori Peru. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press,.Google Scholar

Medeiros, M., Britto, T. & Soares, F. V. (2008). Targeted Cash Transfer Programmes in Brazil (Working Paper No. 46). Brasilia, DF: International Poverty Centre.Google Scholar

Medeiros, M., Diniz, D. & Squinca, F. (2015). Cash Benefits to Disabled Persons in Brazil: An Analysis of BPC-Continuous Cash Benefit Programme (Discussion Paper No. 170). Brasilia, DF: Institute for Applied Economic Research.Google Scholar

Mesa-Lago, C. (1978). Social Security in Latin America: Pressure Groups, Stratification, and Inequality. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar

Mettler, S. (2007). Soldiers to Citizens. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Mills, A., Vaughan, J.P., Smith, D.L., Tabibzadeh, I. (eds) (1990). Health System Decentralization: Concepts, Issues and Country Experience. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar

Ministry of Education (2013). Primary Education in Brazil. Brasilia, D.F.: Ministry of Education.Google Scholar

Ministry of Education (2017). Lei Nº 13.415, de 16 de Fevereiro de 2017. Retrieved from: www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/lei/L13415.htm.Google Scholar

Ministry of Education (2018). Primary Education in Brazil. Brasilia, D.F.: Ministry of Education.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health (2013). Infant Mortality. Brasilia, D.F.: Ministry of Health.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health (2016). Portal da Saude: Datasus (Database). Retrieved from: www2.datasus.gov.br/DATASUS/index.php?area=0205.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health (2017). Indicadores e Dados Brasicos: Brasil-2002 (Database). Retrieved from: http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/idb2012/matriz.htm.Google Scholar

Ministry of Planning, Budget, and Management (2011). Orçamento Federal ao Alcance de Todos: Projeto de Lei Orçamentária Annual – PLOA. Retrieved from: www.planejamento.gov.br/secretarias/upload/Arquivos/sof/ploa2012/110831_orc_fed_alc_todos.pdf.Google Scholar

Ministry of Social Development (2013). Poverty in Brazil. Brasilia, D.F.: Ministry of Social Development.Google Scholar

Ministry of Social Development (2015). Bolsa Família e Cadastro Único no seu Município. Retrieved from: www.mds.gov.br/bolsafamilia.Google Scholar

Ministry of Social Development (2018). Program Bolsa Familia. Brasilia: Government of Brazil.Google Scholar

Mische, A. (2008). Partisan Publics: Communication and Contention across Brazilian Youth Activist Networks, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Modesto, L. (2014). O Papel da Gestora na Política Pública. RESPVBLICA, 13(1), 86–97.Google Scholar

Møller, J. & Skaaning, S. E. (2012). Democracy and Democratization in Comparative Perspective: Conceptions, Conjunctures, Causes and Consequences. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar

Molyneux, M. (1985). Mobilization without Emancipation? Women’s Interests, the State, and Revolution in Nicaragua. Feminist Studies, 11(2), 227–254.Google Scholar

Montalvo, J. G. & Ravallion, M. (2010). The Pattern of Growth and Poverty Reduction in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 38(1), 2–16.Google Scholar

Montero, A. (2014). Brazil: Reversal of Fortune. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Montero, A. & Samuels, D. (2004). Decentralization and Democracy in Latin America. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Moore, J. D. & Donaldson, J. A. (2016). Human-Scale Economics: Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Northeastern Thailand. World Development, 85, 1–15.Google Scholar

Moura, J. E. D. (2009). O Sentido da Participação na Construção da Política Urbana em Camaragibe (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Recife, PE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.Google Scholar

Mozaffar, S., & Scarritt, J. R. (2005). The Puzzle of African Party Systems. Party Politics, 11(4), 399–421.Google Scholar

Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2013). Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much. New York, NY: Times Books/Henry Holt and Co.Google Scholar

Nabatchi, T. (2012). Putting the “Public” Back in Public Values Research: Designing Participation to Identify and Respond to Values. Public Administration Review, 72(5), 699–708.Google Scholar

Narayan, D., Patel, R., Schafft, K., Rademacher, A., Koch-Schulte, S. (2000). Voices of the Poor: Can Anyone Hear Us? Washinton, D.C.: World Bank Group.Google Scholar

Negreiros, E. D. & da Fonte, E. M. (2003). Pacto Camaragibe: Experiência de Uma Pólis em Renovação. Estudos de Sociologia, 2(9), 97–118.Google Scholar

Niedzwiecki, S. (2015). Social Policy Commitment in South America: The Effect of Organized Labor on Social Spending from 1980 to 2010. Journal of Politics in Latin America, 7(2), 3–42.Google Scholar

North, D. C., & Weingast, B. R. (1989). Constitutions and Commitment: The Evolution of Institutions Governing Public Choice in Seventeenth-Century England. The Journal of Economic History, 49(4), 803–832.Google Scholar

Nussbaum, M. (2011). Creating Capabilities. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

O’Donnell, G. (1973). Modernization and Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism: Studies in South American Politics. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

O’Donnell, G. (1994). The State, Democratization and Some Conceptual Problems: A Latin American View with Glances at Some Post-Communist Countries in Smith, W. C., Acuma, C. H. & Gamarra, E. A., eds., Democracy, Markets, and Structural Reform in Latin America. Miami, FL: University of Miami North-South Center.Google Scholar

O’Donnell, G. (1998). Horizontal Accountability in New Democracies. Journal of Democracy, 9(3), 112–126.Google Scholar

Oakes, J. M. & Kaufman, J. S. (2017). Methods in Social Epidemiology (V 16), Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar

OECD (2011). Report on the Gender Initiative: Gender Equality in Education, Employment and Entrepreneurship. Retrieved from: www.oecd.org/social/48111145.pdf.Google Scholar

OECD (2014). Population Who Attained Upper Secondary Education, by Sex and Age Group. Retrieved from: www.oecd.org/gender/data/populationwhoattaineduppersecondaryeducationbysexandagegroup.htm.Google Scholar

OECD (2016). Education at a Glance 2016: OECD Indicators. Paris, FR: OECD Publishing.Google Scholar

Oliveira, F. M. D. (2003). Cidadania e Cultura Política no Poder Local: O Conselho da Administração Participativa de Camaragibe (Unpublished masters’ thesis). Recife, PE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.Google Scholar

Olken, B. A. (2010). Direct Democracy and Local Public Goods: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia. American Political Science Review, 104(2), 243–267.Google Scholar

Olson, M. (1965). Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Olsson, L., Opondo, M., Tschakert, P. et al. (2014). Livelihoods and Poverty in Field, C., Barros, V., Dokken, D., et al., eds., Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 793–832.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (1996). Crossing the Great Divide: Coproduction, Synergy, and Development. World Development, 24(6), 1073–1087.Google Scholar

Pateman, C. (1970). Participation and Democratic Theory. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Pateman, C. (2012). Participatory Democracy Revisited. Perspectives on Politics, 10(1), 7–19.Google Scholar

Pereira, C., & Renno, L. (2003). Successful Re-Election Strategies in Brazil: The Electoral Impact of Distinct Institutional Incentives. Electoral Studies, 22(3), 425–448.Google Scholar

Pereira, O. L. C. B. & Spink, P. K. (2015). Reforma do Estado e Administração Pública Gerencial, Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Editora Fundação Getulio Vargas.Google Scholar

Peterson, M. A. (1993). Political Influence in the 1990s: From Iron Triangles to Policy Networks. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 18(2), 395–438.Google Scholar

Phillips, A. (1995). The Politics of Presence. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Pickett, K. E. & Wilkinson, R. G. (2015). Income Inequality and Health: A Causal Review. Social Science & Medicine, 128, 316–326.Google Scholar

Pierson, P. (1993). When Effect Becomes Cause: Policy Feedback and Political Change. World Politics, 45(4), 595–628.Google Scholar

Pierson, P. (2000). Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics. American Political Science Review, 94(2), 251–267.Google Scholar

Piovesan, F. (2009). Violence against Women in Brazil: Feminist Agendas and Democracy in Latin America in Tobar, M. R., Marx, J., Borner, J. & Caminotti, M. (2009), eds., Feminist Agendas And Democracy in Latin America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 113–128.Google Scholar

Piovesan, F. (2011). Lei de Anistia, Sistema Interamericano e o Caso Brasileiro in Gomes, L. F. & Mazzuoli, V. O., eds., Crimes da Ditadura Militar: Uma Análise à Luz da Jurisprudência Atual da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Uruguai. São Paulo, SP: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 71–74.Google Scholar

Pires, R. (ed.) (2011). Efetividade das Instituições Participativas no Brasil: Estratégias de Avaliação (V 7). Brasilia, DF: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada.Google Scholar

Pires, R. & Vaz, A. (2012). Participação Social como Método de Governo? Um Mapeamento das “Interfaces Socioestatais” nos Programas Federais (TD No. 1707). Brasilia, DF: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada.Google Scholar

Pitkin, H. F. (1967). The Concept of Representation. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Pitt, M. M. & Khandker, S. R. (1998). The Impact of Group-Based Credit Programs on Poor Households in Bangladesh: Does the Gender of Participants Matter? Journal of Political Economy, 106(5), 958–996.Google Scholar

Pogrebinschi, T. & Samuels, D. (2014). The Impact of Participatory Democracy: Evidence from Brazil’s National Public Policy Conferences. Comparative Politics, 46(3), 313–332.Google Scholar

Polletta, F. (2015). Public Deliberation and Political Contention in Lee, C. W., McQuarrie, M. & Walker, E. T., eds., Democratizing Inequalities: Dilemmas of the New Public Participation. New York, NY: New York University Press, 222–243.Google Scholar

Porter, D. (1999). The History of Public Health: Current Themes and Approaches. Hygiea Internationalis, 1(1), 9–21.Google Scholar

Power, T. J. (2010). Political Right in Postauthoritarian Brazil: Elites, Institutions, and Democratization. University Park, PA: Penn State Press.Google Scholar

Power, T. J. & Jr Zucco, C. (2009). Estimating Ideology of Brazilian Legislative Parties, 1990–2005: A Research Communication. Latin American Research Review, 44(1), 218–246.Google Scholar

Przeworski, A., Stokes, S. C. & Manin, B. (1999). Democracy, Accountability, and Representation (V 2). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R. & Nanetti, R. Y. (1994). Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Quibria, M. G. (2002). Growth and Poverty: Lessons from the East Asian Miracle Revisited (ADB Institute Research Paper 33). Tokyo, JP: Asian Development Bank Institute.Google Scholar

Raile, E. D., Pereira, C., & Power, T. J. (2011). The Executive Toolbox: Building Legislative Support in a Multiparty Presidential Regime. Political Research Quarterly, 64(2), 323–334.Google Scholar

Rakodi, C. (2014). Urban Livelihoods: A People-Centred Approach to Reducing Poverty, Abingdon, UK: Routledge.Google Scholar

Rasella, D., Aquino, R., Santos, C., Paes- Sousa, R. & Barreto, M. (2013). Effect of a Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on Childhood Mortality: A Nation-Wide Analysis of Brazilian Municipalities. The Lancet, 382(9886), 57–64.Google Scholar

Ravallion, M. (1997). Good and Bad Growth: The Human Development Reports. World Development, 25(5), 631–638.Google Scholar

Ravallion, M. & Chen, S. (2007). China’s (Uneven) Progress against Poverty. Journal of Development Economics, 82(1), 1–42.Google Scholar

Reis, M. C. (2004). O Projeto Camaragibe Conta, Canta e Encanta e a Relação Prática Pedagógica e Cultura Popular (Unpublished master’s thesis). Recife, PE: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.Google Scholar

Riedl, R. B. (2014). Authoritarian Origins of Democratic Party Systems in Africa, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Robinson, J. A., & Verdier, T. (2002). The Political Economy of Clientelism (CEPR Discussion Paper No. 3205). Retrieved from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=303185.Google Scholar

Rocha, S. (2008). Transferências de Renda Federais: Focalização e Impactos Xobre Pobreza e Desigualdade. Revista de Economia Contemporânea, 12(1), 51–66.Google Scholar

Rodrigues, C. R. O. (1996). Programa da Saúde da Família, Camaragibe-PE: Uma abordagem qualitativa, Recife, PE: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM).Google Scholar

Rodrik, D. (2000). Growth versus Poverty Reduction: A Hollow Debate. Finance and Development, 37(4), 8–9.Google Scholar

Rodrik, D. (2014). The Past, Present, and Future of Economic Growth. Challenge, 57(3), 5–39.Google Scholar

Roodman, D. (2014). How to Do Xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9(1), 86–136.Google Scholar

Ross, M. (2006). Is Democracy Good for the Poor? American Journal of Political Science, 50(4), 860–874.Google Scholar

Rowlands, J. (1997). Questioning Empowerment: Working with Women in Honduras. Oxford, UK: Oxfam.Google Scholar

Sabatier, P. A., & Weible, C. M. (eds.). (2014). Theories of the Policy Process. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar

Sachs, J. (2008). Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet. London, UK: Penguin.Google Scholar

Salles, F. C., & Vieira, S. G. S. (2017). The Capacity for Power of Local Governments in the Area Of Development: A Position Analysis of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Starting in 2003. Apuntes, 41(74), 163–189.Google Scholar

Samuels, D. (1999). Incentives to Cultivate a Party Vote in Candidate-Centric Electoral Systems Evidence from Brazil. Comparative Political Studies, 32(4), 487–518.Google Scholar

Samuels, D. J., & Zucco, C. (2018). Partisans, Antipartisans, and Nonpartisans: Voting Behavior in Brazil. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Sánchez-Ancochea, D. & Mattei, L. (2011). Bolsa Família, Poverty and Inequality: Political and Economic Effects in the Short and Long Run. Global Social Policy, 11(2–3), 299–318.Google Scholar

Santos, B. (Ed.). (2005). Democratizing Democracy: Beyond the Liberal Democratic Canon. New York, NY: Verso.Google Scholar

Santos, D. B. (2011). Pesquisa de Informacoes Basicas in Pires, R. R. C., ed., Efetividade das Instituições Participativas no Brasil: Estratégias de Avaliação, Brasilia, D. F.: Ipea.Google Scholar

Santos, O., Ribeiro, L. C. D. Q., & Azevedo, S. D. (2004). Governança Democrática e Poder Local: A Experiência dos Conselhos Municipais no Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Revan, Fase, 223–248.Google Scholar

Santos, T. (1970). The Structure of Dependence. The American Economic Review, 60(2), 231–236.Google Scholar

Santos, T. D. (1970). The Structure of Dependence. The American Economic Review, 60 (2), 231–236.Google Scholar

Santos, T. M. S. (2002). Desenvolvimento Local e Cidadania: Desafios e Estrategias de Comunicaaco da Gestao Participativa Popular da Prefeitura de Camaragibe/PE, paper presented at VI Congress of the Latin American Communications Associations (ALAIC), Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, 5–7 June.Google Scholar

Sartori, G. (1970). Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics. American Political Science Review, 64(4), 1033–1053.Google Scholar

Schattschneider, E. E. (1960). The Semisovereign People: A Realist’s View of Democracy in America. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar

Schell, S. F., Luke, D. A., Schooley, M. W., et al. (2013). Public Health Program Capacity for Sustainability: A New Framework. Implementation Science, 8(15), 1–9.Google Scholar

Schmitter, P., & Karl, T. L. (1991). What Democracy Is .  . . and Is Not. Journal of Democracy, 2(3), 75–88.Google Scholar

Schneider, B. R. (2015). The Developmental State in Brazil: Comparative and Historical Perspectives. Revista de Economia Política, 35(1), 114–132.Google Scholar

Schramm, J. M. D. A. & Szwarcwald, C. L. (2000). Diferenciais nas Taxas de Mortalidade Neonatal e Natimortalidade Hospitalares no Brasil: Um Estudo com Base no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS). Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 16(4), 1031–1040.Google Scholar

Schumpeter, J. A. (1950). The March into Socialism. The American Economic Review, 40(2), 446–456.Google Scholar

Scott, J. C. (1998). Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Scutchfield, F. D., Knight, E. A., Kelly, A. V., Bhandari, M. W., & Vasilescu, I. P. (2004). Local Public Health Agency Capacity and Its Relationship to Public Health System Performance. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 10(3), 204–215.Google Scholar

Secretaria Nacional de Políticas para as Mulheres (2014). Guia para Criação e Implementação de Organismos Governamentais de Políticas para as Mulheres – OPM. Retrieved from: www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=2ahUKEwj81pH7tvjhAhVQT6wKHdpHDIIQFjABegQIBBAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consultaesic.cgu.gov.br%2Fbusca%2Fdados%2FLists%2FPedido%2FAttachments%2F444120%2FRESPOSTA_PEDIDO_Guia%2520para%2520a%2520criao%2520de%2520OPM%252021%252001%25202015%2520final.docx&usg=AOvVaw21VCjJkdCb_ZoVSdkWOvgf.Google Scholar

Sen, A. (1999). Development as Freedom. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar

Shahidur, R., Koolwal, G. & Samad, H. (2010). Handbook on Impact Evaluation: Quantitative Methods and Practices. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar

Silva, A. M. (2012). Estrutura das Regionais de Saude do Municipio de Jaboatão dos Guararapes-PE (Unpublished monograph). Recife, PE: Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhãaes (CPqAM).Google Scholar

Sintomer, Y. (2010). Random Selection, Republican Self‐Government, and Deliberative Democracy. Constellations, 17(3), 472–487.Google Scholar

Skocpol, T. (1992). Protecting Soldiers and Mothers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Smith, G. (2009). Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Smulovitz, C. & Peruzzotti, E. (2000). Societal Accountability in Latin America. Journal of Democracy, 11(4), 147–158.Google Scholar

Snyder, R. (2001). Scaling Down: The Subnational Comparative Method. Studies in Comparative International Development, 36(1), 93–110.Google Scholar

Soares, F. V., Ribas, R. P. & Osório, R. G. (2010). Evaluating the Impact of Brazil’s Bolsa Família: Cash Transfer Programs in Comparative Perspective. Latin American Research Review, 45(2), 174–190.Google Scholar

Soares, S. (2012). Bolsa Família, Its Design, Its Impacts and Possibilities for the Future (Working Paper No. 89). Brasília, DF: International Policy Center for Inclusive Growth.Google Scholar

Soares, S., Guerreiro Osorio, R., Veras Soares, F., Medeiros, M., & Zepeda, E. (2009). Conditional Cash Transfers in Brazil, Chile and Mexico: Impacts upon Inequality. Estudios Económicos, 207–224.Google Scholar

Somers, M. R. (2008). Genealogies of Citizenship: Markets, Statelessness, and the Right to Have Rights. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Sorj, B. & Gama, A. (2013). Family Policies in Brazil in Robila, M., ed., Handbook of Family Policies across the Globe. New York, NY: Springer, 459–471.Google Scholar

Soss, J and Weaver, V. (2017). Police Are Our Government: Politics, Political Science and the Policing of Race-Class Subjugated Communities. Annual Review of Political Science 20, 565–591.Google Scholar

Speck, B. W. (2011). Auditing Institutions in Power, T. J. & Taylor, M. M., eds., Corruption and Democracy in Brazil: The Struggle for Accountability. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Spink, P. (2000). The Rights Approach to Subnational Government: The Experience of the Public Management and Citizenship Program. Cadernos Gestão Pública e Cidadania, 17, 1–34.Google Scholar

Spink, P., & Clemente, R. A. D. S. (eds.) (1997). 20 Experiências de Gestão Pública e Cidadania. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Editora Fundação Getulio Vargas.Google Scholar

Starfield, B., Shi, L., & Macinko, J. (2005). Contribution of Primary Care to Health Systems and Health. The Milbank Quarterly, 83(3), 457–502.Google Scholar

Stigler, G. J. (1972). Economic Competition and Political Competition. Public Choice, 13(1), 91–106.Google Scholar

Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). Globalization and Its Discontents (V 500). New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar

Stiglitz, J. E. (2012). The Price of Inequality: How Today’s Divided Society Endangers Our Future. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar

Sugiyama, N. B. (2007). Theories of Policy Diffusion: Social Sector Reform in Brazil. Comparative Political Studies, 41(2), 193–216.Google Scholar

Sugiyama, N. B. (2011). The Diffusion of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in the Americas. Global Social Policy, 11(2/3): 250–278.Google Scholar

Sugiyama, N. B. (2012). Diffusion of Good Government: Social Sector Reforms in Brazil. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Sugiyama, N. B. & Hunter, W. (2013). Whither Clientelism? Good Governance and Brazil’s Bolsa Família Program. Comparative Politics, 46(1), 43–62.Google Scholar

Superior Electoral Tribunal (2013). Municipal Election Profiles. Brasilia, D.F.: Superior Electoral Tribunal.Google Scholar

Superior Electoral Tribunal (2017). Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (Database). Brasilia, DF: Government of Brazil.Google Scholar

Tarrow, S. (1994). Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Mass Politics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Teichman, J. (2004). The World Bank and Policy Reform in Mexico and Argentina. Latin American Politics and Society, 46(1), 39–74.Google Scholar

Teichman, J. (2008). Redistributive Conflict and Social Policy in Latin America. World Development, 36(3), 446–460.Google Scholar

Teixeira, A. C. C., & Tatagiba, L. (2005). Movimentos Sociais e Sistema Político: Os Desafios da Participação. São Paulo, SP: Instituto Polis/PUC-SP.Google Scholar

Telles, E., & Paschel, T. (2014). Who Is Black, White, Or Mixed Race? How Skin Color, Status, and Nation Shape Racial Classification in Latin America. American Journal of Sociology, 120(3), 864–907.Google Scholar

Tendler, J. (1997). Good Government in the Tropics (The Johns Hopkins Studies in Development). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar

Terreblanche, S. J. (2002). A History of Inequality in South Africa: 1652–2002, South Africa: University of Kwazulu Natal Press.Google Scholar

Thévenon, O. (2011). Family Policies in OECD countries: A Comparative Analysis. Population and Development Review, 37(1), 57–87.Google Scholar

Thompson, E. P. (1964). The Making of the English Working Class. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.Google Scholar

Touchton, M. (2016). The Benefits of Balance: Credibility, The Rule of Law, and Investment in Latin America. Latin American Research Review, 51(2), 195–216.Google Scholar

Touchton, M., Sugiyama, N. B. & Wampler, B. (2017). Democracy at Work: Moving beyond Elections to Improve Well-Being. American Political Science Review, 111(1), 68–82.Google Scholar

Touchton, M. & Wampler, B. (2014). Improving Social Well-Being through New Democratic Institutions. Comparative Political Studies, 47(10), 1442–1469.Google Scholar

Touchton, M., Wampler, B. & Peixoto, T. (2018). Of Governance and Revenue: Participatory Institutions and Tax Compliance in Brazil. Forthcoming. World Bank Working Paper.Google Scholar

Travis, P., Bennett, S., Haines, A., et al. (2004). Overcoming Health-Systems Constraints to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals. The Lancet, 364(9437), 900–906.Google Scholar

True, J. & Mintrom, M. (2001). Transnational Networks and Policy Diffusion: The Case of Gender Mainstreaming. International Studies Quarterly, 45(1):27–57.Google Scholar

Tsai, P. L. & Huang, C. H. (2007). Openness, Growth and Poverty: The Case of Taiwan. World Development, 35(11), 1858–1871.Google Scholar