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Chapter 27 - IPM in greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2010

By
Joop C. Van Lenteren
Edited by
Edward B. Radcliffe ,
William D. Hutchison  and
Rafael E. Cancelado
Edward B. Radcliffe
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
William D. Hutchison
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
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Summary

Before the large-scale application of chemical pesticides, biological control was one of the pest management methods embedded in a system's approach of pest prevention and reduction. (The word pest comprises animal pests, diseases and weeds: Food and Agriculture Organization, 1999.) Farmers, but also growers of greenhouse vegetables, needed to think about pest prevention before they designed their next season's planting scheme and choice of crops. They generally made use of three pest management methods: cultural control, host plant resistance and biological control. Cultural methods like crop rotation, cover crops, and sowing and harvesting dates were used to prevent excessive development of pests (Delucchi, 1987). Plants that had a high degree of resistance or tolerance to pests were another cornerstone of pest prevention. The third cornerstone was formed by natural, classical, inundative and conservation biological control (Bale et al., 2008).

After 1945, these methods seemed to have become redundant as almost all pests could easily be managed by pesticides. As a result, pest control research became highly reductionistic, and changed from a decisive factor in farming design to prevent pests, to a mind-numbing but initially successful fire-brigade activity. Another effect was that plants were no longer selected for resistance to pests, but only for the highest production of biomass (food) or nicest cosmetic aspects (flowers) and under a blanket of pesticide application.

Type
Chapter
Information
Integrated Pest Management
Concepts, Tactics, Strategies and Case Studies
 , pp. 354 - 365
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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References

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