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4 - Hematopoietic stem cells and their niches

from Part I - Introduction to stem cells and regenerative medicine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2015

By
Geeta Mehta ,
Yusuke Shiozawa  and
Russell Taichman
Edited by
Peter X. Ma
Geeta Mehta
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Yusuke Shiozawa
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Russell Taichman
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Peter X. Ma
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Summary

Introduction

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a type of adult stem cell that give rise to all cells in the blood lineage. In adult mammals, they reside in the spongy bone marrow of the long bones. HSCs are not only the most widely studied stem cells, but also the most common cells used in transplantation in the clinic. Since blood is the most commonly transplanted tissue in clinical settings, this makes HSCs an important candidate in establishing better treatments for hematological malignancies.

They have been widely studied for the last 40 years, and the literature on HSCs covers a diverse range of topics. Since it is impossible to cover all aspects of HSC biology in one chapter, here we will focus briefly on the origins of HSCs and their microenvironments, or niches, the isolation methods of HSCs, the standard assays for detection of HSC activity, in-vitro expansion of HSCs, their clinical relevance, and the potential role of the HSC niches in cancer metastases.

Type
Chapter
Information
Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine , pp. 44 - 63
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2014

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