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10 - Spain

Emergency literacy and the nostalgia of exile, 1820s–1920s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2012

Martyn Lyons
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney
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Summary

Saudade, literacy and identity

The Portuguese and Brazilians have a word for it, and they insist that it is untranslatable – saudade. It denotes longing, nostalgia, pain and loss, all the emotions felt by transoceanic emigrants when they wrote home to the world they had left behind. Manolo Fernández de Castro wrote from Havana to his cousin Fulgencia in Gijón that although

I find it charming here (me encuentro encantado) and we have everything and the girls are pretty, friendly and attractive one always remembers one’s dear little country (su tierrina) and when much time has passed you have a great desire to go and see the family.

The pain of separation was equally excruciating for family members left behind, resigned though they may have been to the absence of their young sons. In 1907, Jesús Valdés Bango received this message in Havana from his ageing father in Pravia (Asturias):

My dear son Jesús: if you felt great sadness at leaving for those distant lands as I think you said in your first letter from Santander, imagine how all of us felt about this unhappy (desdichada) separation, and most especially myself, because on account of my age and aches and pains I harbour no hope of seeing you again.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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References

Alvarez, Rafael Anes Españoles hacia América: la emigración en masa, 1880–1930 Madrid Alianza 1988 Google Scholar
Baily, Samuel L. Immigrants in the Lands of Promise: Italians in Buenos Aires and New York City, 1870–1914 Ithaca NY Cornell University Press 1999 Google Scholar
Barton, H. Arnold Letters from the Promised Land: Swedes in America, 1840–1914 Minneapolis, MN University of Minnesota Press and Swedish Pioneer Historical Society 1975 Google Scholar
Camín, A. Entre Palmeras (vidas emigrantes) Mexico Revista Norte 1958 Google Scholar
Kaztauskis, Antanas 1904 Google Scholar
Saavedra, Vicente Peña Las Escuelas de Americanos y las Sociedades de Instrucción en Galicia Santiago de Compostela Servicio de Publicaciones e Intercambio Científico de la Universidad 1991 Google Scholar

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  • Spain
  • Martyn Lyons, University of New South Wales, Sydney
  • Book: The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c.1860–1920
  • Online publication: 05 November 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139093538.011
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  • Spain
  • Martyn Lyons, University of New South Wales, Sydney
  • Book: The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c.1860–1920
  • Online publication: 05 November 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139093538.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Spain
  • Martyn Lyons, University of New South Wales, Sydney
  • Book: The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c.1860–1920
  • Online publication: 05 November 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139093538.011
Available formats
×