Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- PART I General instruments
- PART II Atmosphere
- PART III Oceans: global
- PART IIIB Oceans: regional
- PART IV Freshwater resources
- PART V Biodiversity
- 16 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, 2 December 1946
- 17 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, 2 February 1971
- 18 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 16 November 1972
- 19 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 3 March 1973
- 20 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, 23 June 1979
- 21 Convention on Biological Diversity, 5 June 1992
- 21A Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, 29 January 2000
- 22 Non-Legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types of Forests, 13 June 1992
- 23 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa, 17 June 1994
- PART VIA Hazardous substances and activities: nuclear
- PART VIB Hazardous substances and activities: pesticides
- PART VIC Hazardous substances and activities: waste
- PART VII Human rights and the environment
- PART VIII War and the environment
- PART IX Trade and the environment
- PART X Environmental impact assessment and access to information
- PART XI Liability for environmental damage and breaches of environmental obligations
- PART XII The Antarctic
21A - Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, 29 January 2000
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- PART I General instruments
- PART II Atmosphere
- PART III Oceans: global
- PART IIIB Oceans: regional
- PART IV Freshwater resources
- PART V Biodiversity
- 16 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, 2 December 1946
- 17 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, 2 February 1971
- 18 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 16 November 1972
- 19 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 3 March 1973
- 20 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, 23 June 1979
- 21 Convention on Biological Diversity, 5 June 1992
- 21A Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, 29 January 2000
- 22 Non-Legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types of Forests, 13 June 1992
- 23 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa, 17 June 1994
- PART VIA Hazardous substances and activities: nuclear
- PART VIB Hazardous substances and activities: pesticides
- PART VIC Hazardous substances and activities: waste
- PART VII Human rights and the environment
- PART VIII War and the environment
- PART IX Trade and the environment
- PART X Environmental impact assessment and access to information
- PART XI Liability for environmental damage and breaches of environmental obligations
- PART XII The Antarctic
Summary
Editorial note
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted on 29 January 2000. The preamble reaffirms the parties' commitment to the ‘precautionary approach’ contained in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration, expresses their awareness of growing public concern over potential adverse effects of transboundary movements of living modified organisms on biological diversity and human health, recognises the ‘great potential’ of biotechnology and addresses the relationship with trade agreements.
The objective of the Protocol is set forth in Article 1. Parties must ensure that the development, handling, transport, use, transfer and release of any living modified organisms is undertaken in a manner that prevents or reduces the risks to biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health (Article 2(1) and (2)). They are free to take certain actions that are more protective of biological diversity (Article 2(4)).
The scope of the Protocol is limited to the transboundary movement, transit, handling and use of ‘living modified organisms’ (LMOs) that may have adverse effectsonthe conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health (Article 4). An LMO is ‘any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology’ (Article 3). LMOs which are pharmaceuticals for humans that are addressed by other relevant international agreements or organisations, or LMOs in transit through a state's territory or destined for contained use, are not subject to the Protocol (Articles 5 and 6).
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- Documents in International Environmental Law , pp. 725 - 750Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2004
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