Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Summaries
- Chapter 1 Air Pollution: Global Damage Costs from 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 2 Armed Conflicts: The Economic Welfare Costs of Conflict
- Chapter 3 Climate Change: The Economic Impact of Climate Change in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
- Chapter 4 Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Economic Loss of Ecosystem Services from 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 5 Education: The Income and Equity Loss of not Having a Faster Rate of Human Capital Accumulation
- Chapter 6 Gender Inequality: A Key Global Challenge – Reducing Losses due to Gender Inequality
- Chapter 7 Human Health: The Twentieth-Century Transformation of Human Health – Its Magnitude and Value
- Chapter 8 Malnutrition: Global Economic Losses Attributable to Malnutrition 1900–2000 and Projections to 2050
- Chapter 9 Trade Barriers: Costing Global Trade Barriers, 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 10 Water and Sanitation: Economic Losses from Poor Water and Sanitation – Past, Present, and Future
- Index
- References
Chapter 4 - Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Economic Loss of Ecosystem Services from 1900 to 2050
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
Edited by
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Summaries
- Chapter 1 Air Pollution: Global Damage Costs from 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 2 Armed Conflicts: The Economic Welfare Costs of Conflict
- Chapter 3 Climate Change: The Economic Impact of Climate Change in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
- Chapter 4 Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Economic Loss of Ecosystem Services from 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 5 Education: The Income and Equity Loss of not Having a Faster Rate of Human Capital Accumulation
- Chapter 6 Gender Inequality: A Key Global Challenge – Reducing Losses due to Gender Inequality
- Chapter 7 Human Health: The Twentieth-Century Transformation of Human Health – Its Magnitude and Value
- Chapter 8 Malnutrition: Global Economic Losses Attributable to Malnutrition 1900–2000 and Projections to 2050
- Chapter 9 Trade Barriers: Costing Global Trade Barriers, 1900 to 2050
- Chapter 10 Water and Sanitation: Economic Losses from Poor Water and Sanitation – Past, Present, and Future
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- How Much Have Global Problems Cost the World?A Scorecard from 1900 to 2050, pp. 131 - 169Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2013
References
, , , , and (2004) Improved estimates of net carbon emissions from land cover change in the tropics for the 1990s. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18. .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , et al. (2006) GLOBIO 3: framework for the assessment of global biodiversity. In: , , and (eds.), MNP: Integrated Modelling of Environmental Change – An Overview of IMAGE 2.4. NEAA/MNP. Bilthoven, The Netherlands: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.Google Scholar
, , , et al. (2009) GLOBIO 3: a framework to investigate options for reducing global terrestrial biodiversity loss. Ecosystem 12: 374–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and (eds.) (2008) Background Report to the OECD Environmental Outlook to 2030: Overviews, Details, and Methodology of Model-Based Analysis. Bilthoven, The Netherlands: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
, , and (2002) Manual for Calculating Adjusted Net Savings. New York: Environment Department, World Bank.Google Scholar
, , and (eds.) (2006) MNP: Integrated Modelling of Global Environmental Change – An Overview of IMAGE 2.4. Bilthoven, The Netherlands: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
and (2003) Valuing biodiversity from an economic perspective: a unified economic, ecological, and genetic approach. American Economic Review 93: 1597–1614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(1997) Estimating Biomass and Biomass Change of Tropical Forests: A Primer, Forestry Paper No. 134 Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
, , , , and (2011) Economic assessment of forest ecosystem services losses: cost of policy inaction. Environmental and Resource Economics 3: 405–455.CrossRef
(2001) The global wood market, prices and plantation investment: an examination drawing on the Australian experience. Environmental Conservation 28: 53–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , et al.(2002) Carbon emissions from tropical deforestation and regrowth based on satellite observations for the 1980s and 1990s. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 99: 14 256–14 261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
and (2007a) Geographical distribution of woody biomass carbon stocks in tropical Africa: an updated database for 2000. Available at: from the Carbon Dioxide Information Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.Google Scholar
and (2007b) Geographical distribution of biomass carbon in tropical southeast Asian forests: an updated database for 2000. Available at: from the Carbon Dioxide Information Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.Google Scholar
, , , and (2007) Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: making REDD a reality. Environmental Research Letters 2, Article 045023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(1997) Biodiversity and ecosystem function: the debate deepens. Science 277: 1260–1261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and (2010) The links between biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being. In: and (eds.), Ecosystem Ecology: A New Synthesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
(1999) The annual net flux of carbon to the atmosphere from changes in land use 1850–1990. Tellus B 51: 298–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , et al. (2011) The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: The Quantitative Assessment, Draft Final Report to the United Nations Environment Programme.Google Scholar
(2006) IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, eds. , , , , and , Japan: Institute For Global Environmental Strategies.Google Scholar
, , and (eds.) (2010) The Social Cost of Electricity: Scenarios and Policy Implications. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.CrossRef
(2005) Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing: Current State and Trends. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
, , , et al. (2001) A large carbon sink in the woody biomass of northern forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 98: 14 784–14 789.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
and (2007) Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. Journal of Natural Products 70: 461–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, , and (1983) Carbon in Live Vegetation of Major World Ecosystems. Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.Google Scholar
(Ed.) (1981) Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(ed.) (2011) The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in National and International Policy Making. London: Earthscan.
and (2002) Environmental vulnerability indicators for environmental planning and decision-making: guidelines and applications. Environmental Management 29: 335–348.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
- 1
- Cited by