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Glacial advances constrained by 10Be exposure dating of bedrock landslides, Kyrgyz Tien Shan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Katia Sanhueza-Pino ,
Oliver Korup ,
Ralf Hetzel ,
Henry Munack ,
Johannes T. Weidinger ,
Stuart Dunning ,
Cholponbek Ormukov  and
Peter W. Kubik
Katia Sanhueza-Pino
Affiliation:
Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
Oliver Korup*
Affiliation:
Institut für Erd-und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
Ralf Hetzel
Affiliation:
Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
Henry Munack
Affiliation:
Institut für Erd-und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
Johannes T. Weidinger
Affiliation:
Erkudok Institute, K-Hof Museums, 4810 Gmunden, Austria
Stuart Dunning
Affiliation:
Division of Geography, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
Cholponbek Ormukov
Affiliation:
Kyrgyz Institute of Seismology, 720060 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Peter W. Kubik
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
*
⁎Corresponding author. Fax: + 49 331 977 5700. E-mail address:oliver.korup@geo.uni-potsdam.de (O. Korup).
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Abstract

Numerous large landslide deposits occur in the Tien Shan, a tectonically active intraplate orogen in Central Asia. Yet their significance in Quaternary landscape evolution and natural hazard assessment remains unresolved due to the lack of "absolute" age constraints. Here we present the first 10Be exposure ages for three prominent (> 107 m3) bedrock landslides that blocked major rivers and formed lakes, two of which subsequently breached, in the northern Kyrgyz Tien Shan. Three 10Be ages reveal that one landslide in the Alamyedin River occurred at 11–15 ka, which is consistent with two 14C ages of gastropod shells from reworked loess capping the landslide. One large landslide in Aksu River is among the oldest documented in semi-arid continental interiors, with a 10Be age of 63–67 ka. The Ukok River landslide deposit(s) yielded variable 10Be ages, which may result from multiple landslides, and inheritance of 10Be. Two 10Be ages of 8.2 and 5.9 ka suggest that one major landslide occurred in the early to mid-Holocene, followed by at least one other event between 1.5 and 0.4 ka. Judging from the regional glacial chronology, all three landslides have occurred between major regional glacial advances. Whereas Alamyedin and Ukok can be considered as postglacial in this context, Aksu is of interglacial age. None of the landslide deposits show traces of glacial erosion, hence their locations and 10Be ages mark maximum extents and minimum ages of glacial advances, respectively. Using toe-to-headwall altitude ratios of 0.4–0.5, we reconstruct minimum equilibrium-line altitudes that exceed previous estimates by as much as 400 m along the moister northern fringe of the Tien Shan. Our data show that deposits from large landslides can provide valuable spatio-temporal constraints for glacial advances in landscapes where moraines and glacial deposits have low preservation potential.

Keywords

LandslideRock avalanche10Be exposure datingQuaternary glaciationsTien Shan
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 76 , Issue 3 , November 2011 , pp. 295 - 304
Copyright
University of Washington

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