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Testosterona and suicide
- L. Gallardo Borge, I.D.L.M. Santos Carrasco, P. Marqués Cabezas, A.I. Segura Rodríguez, G. Medina Ojeda
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 65 / Issue S1 / June 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 September 2022, p. S842
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Introduction
Testosterone is an anabolic androgenic steroid hormone involved in brain development, reproduction, and social behavior. Several studies have shown that testosterone can cause impulsivity in humans. This impulsivity could modify the mood and increase the risk of suicidal behaviour.
ObjectivesTestosterone is an anabolic androgenic steroid hormone involved in brain development, reproduction, and social behavior. Several studies have shown that testosterone can cause impulsivity in humans. This impulsivity could modify the mood and increase the risk of suicidal behaviour.
MethodsClinical case and literature review.
ResultsA 33-years male (biological female), single, gypsy ethnicity, with an 11-years daughter. Psychiatric history of one admission in a hospitalization unit. Diagnosed of depressive disorder and personality disorder NOS. Intermittent follow-up in Mental Health consultations. 8 years later, he consulted due to gender dysphoria. He refered not to be feeling identified with his body for a long time. He rejected his sexual characteristics. After his mental evaluation, he was refered to Endocrinology Service. He had been prescribed with testosterone. Three days after starting the treatment, he maked anattempt of suicide with medication. The patient had not presented previous suicide attempts or ideation. With the withdrawal of the testosterone, the suicidal behaviour dissapeared.
ConclusionsDue to the association of testosterone and suicidal behavoiur, we consider that is important to pay attention to people who have just started the androgenic treatment in order to avoid a high risk of suicide. In the same way, we should focus on evaluating the hostility, impulsivity and irritability in patients strongly related to suicidal behaviour.
DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Parent´s Perception On Sleep and Internalizing/externalizing Behavior Problems in Children From Six to Eleven Years Old
- A.I. Santos, M. Marques, H. Espírito-Santo, M. Cunha
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 30 / Issue S1 / March 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Introduction
Sleep is essential for children´s emotional and cognitive wellbeing. Different sleep variables (sleep-wake characteristics/habits/disorders) are associated to Internalizing and Externalizing problems.
Objectivesto analyse parent´s perception about different sleep variables and Internalizing and Externalizing behavior problems, in a sample of Portuguese school children, exploring associations between these variables.
Methods100 parents/legal representatives of children (range = six to eleven years old) filled in a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Sleep-Wake Children Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist 6-18 (CBCL).
ResultsMost children took about ten minutes to fall asleep and did not wake up during the night. Some children were afraid of sleeping in the dark and needed the presence of a light (possible dyssomnia) and/or of a transitional object to fall asleep. During the night some children grind their teeth (possible parasomnia). The subscale with the higher T mean value was Isolation/Depression and the global dimension with the higher T mean value was Internalizing Problems. Most children had a 'normal” score in every CBCL subscales. Isolation/Depression presented more 'borderline” cases and Aggressive behaviours presented the highest number of children in the clinical category. The global dimension showing a higher number of clinical cases was Internalizing Problems. Generally, several sleep variables were significantly associated to behavior problems.
DiscussionSeveral associations were found between sleep habits/problems and behavior problems, particularly Internalizing problems. It seems important to create prevention/intervention programs to educate parents on sleep and behavior, to improve sleep habits and reduce the presence of sleep and/or behavior problems.
The cellular and flagella morphologies of ulcerogenic Helicobacter pylori paediatric strains.
- I. Vitoriano, K.D. Saraiva-Pava, A.P.A. Matos, F.F. Vale, A. Santos, A.I. Lopes, M. Oleastro, M. Roxo-Rosa
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- Journal:
- Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 19 / Issue S4 / August 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 August 2013, pp. 21-22
- Print publication:
- August 2013
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Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic spiral-shaped, microaerophilic, gram-negative bacterium, that inhabits the human stomach. Infection is usually acquired during childhood and always elicits an acute immune response that is, however, inefficient in bacteria clearance. Therefore, in the absence of effective treatment, infection and gastritis (non ulcer dyspepsia, NUD) persist throughout the patient’s life. Depending on its severity and pattern, in about 15% of infected adults, this silent destruction of the gastric mucosa may further progress to peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (gastric and duodenal ulcers, GU and DU respectively) and/or gastric cancer. Infection with H. pylori is also the major cause for the development of paediatric PUD, a rare event that may occur shortly after infection. In addition to the still undisclosed genetic susceptibility of these young patients, the virulence of the implicated H. pylori strain plays a crucial role in the paediatric PUD pathogenesis. Recently, we proved by in vitro infection assays that, compared with paediatric NUD-associated isolates, a group of paediatric ulcerogenic-strains present a greater ability to induce a marked decrease in the gastric cells viability and to cause them severe cytoskeleton damage and mucins’ production/secretion impairment. Moreover, we showed that their enhanced virulence result from a synergy between the ability to better adapt to the hostility of their niche and the expression of cagA, vacAs1, oipA ‘‘on’’ status, homB and jhp562 virulence factors. Accordingly, these ulcerogenic strains share a particular proteome profile, providing them with better antioxidant defences, a metabolism favouring the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids and higher motility.
We are now characterizing/comparing the cellular and flagella morphologies of H. pylori strains isolated from Portuguese children, associated with DU, GU or NUD, belonging to the vast and multiethnic collection of the Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge (Portugal). For that, bacteria were grown in H. pylori selective medium (Biogerm, Maia, Portugal) at 37ºC in a microaerobic environment (Anoxomat®, MART Microbiology BV, Drachten, The Netherlands) for 24 h. For Leifson staining analysis, a drop of each bacterial suspension (in PBS) was spread in cleaned microscope slides, stained with the Leifson dye solution until a golden film developed on the dye surface and a precipitate appeared throughout the sample, and analysed by optical microscopy. For Transmission-Electronic-Microscopy (TEM) studies bacterial pellets were fixed sequentially in glutaraldehyde, osmium tetroxide and uranyl acetate, dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in Epon-Araldite. Thin sections contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with a JEOL 100-SX electron microscope.
Corroborating the better swimming abilities of the PUD strains, as previously shown by motility assays, optical microscopy analysis of Leifson stained slides demonstrated marked differences in the morphology of the studied strains (Figure 1). The H. pylori strain associated with DU (Hp 1152/04) seem longer than all the others and, in contrast, that associated with GU (Hp 499/02) is the shortest one and presents a, more pronounced, spiral morphology. Moreover, our preliminary data on TEM analysis indicate the presence of more abundant and apparently more organized flagella in the GU-associated strain Hp 499/02, in contrast to the NUD control strain, Hp 655/99 (Figure 2).
Work supported by Research Grant 2011 – Sociedade Portuguesa de Gastrenterologia.