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P-1025 - Prevalence of Depression in Elderly Long-term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness and Cognitive Impairment
- P. Ntounas, C. Tsopelas, D. Pappas, M. Dimitraka, P. Chatzimanolis, E. Siouti, C. Touloumis, A. Douzenis, L. Lykouras
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Background
Depression is a very common condition in the elderly, underdiagnosed and often an emerging public health issue, especially in developed countries where population is aging.
MethodsThe participants (103 patients) age 55 years or more, with diagnosis of Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, Mood disorders and Mental disorders due to general medical condition. The depressive status of the participants was determined clinically, using the GDS and the Cornell scale for depression in dementia when MMSE was > 15.
ResultsOf the 103 inpatients, 87 had MMSE score less than 24 and were included in the analysis. 23.1% had been clinically diagnosed as suffering from depression and taking antidepressants although 53.8% had CDS>6 and 57.3% had Cornell score >11 both indicative of depression. It appeared that clinicians were able to detect mainly severe major depression with mean CDS score=10.50, (sd = 1.5) and mean Cornell score=18 (sd = 4.3).
ConclusionsIn our sample of an elderly long term inpatient population with primary diagnosis of serious mental disorder, depression was under diagnosed and undertreated. Only severe major depression was detected.
It appears that psychometric scales like Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) are valuable instruments for the detection of depression in elderly populations. As depression is very good in hiding or camouphlage its’ symptoms as part of other disorders, regular use of psychometric scales could prove to be an easy way to detect early signs of depression and treat accordingly.
P-733 - Self Care and Behavioral Disturbances in Elderly Long Term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness
- P. Ntounas, C. Tsopelas, P. Chatzimanolis, D. Pappas, M. Dimitraka, E. Siouti, C. Touloumis, A. Douzenis, L. Lykouras
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Introduction:
Behavioral disorders, such as agitation and disability in daily skills, include symptoms of disturbed perception, thought content, mood or behavior that frequently occur in patients with dementia. These behavioral disturbances rather than cognitive disorders are the main reason why caregivers place patients in a nursing home.
Methods:The participants (103 patients) age 55 years or more had diagnosis of Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, Mood disorders and Mental disorders due to a general medical condition (DSM IV-TR criteria) from the psychogeriatric units of the psychiatric hospital of Attica. They were all assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Katz Instrumental Activities Scale (KATZ) to evaluate agitation, irritability and daily skills functionality.
Results:Of the sample of 103 Greek long term inpatients, 32% had clinical manifestation of aggression, 43.7% had severe daily skills dysfunction (with KATZ score 1–2), 19.4% moderate (KATZ score 3–4) and 36.9% had no dysfunction. NPI detected agitation in 55.3% of the sample and irritability in 49.5%.
Conclusions:Behavioral disturbances, agitation and disability in daily skills are common among older hospitalized patients, and psychometric scales like NPI and KATZ are valuable instruments that could prove to be an easy way to detect early signs of behavioral manifestations and exacerbation of a variety of mental disorders in elderly populations. They should be implemented in the usual clinical practice.
P-1026 - Metabolic Syndrome and Risk for Coronary Heart Disease in Elderly Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness
- P. Ntounas, C. Tsopelas, P. Chatzimanolis, M. Dimitraka, D. Pappas, E. Siouti, C. Touloumis, A. Douzenis, L. Lykouras
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Introduction
People with severe mental disorders have worse physical health compared with the general population. Metabolic aspects such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking and antipsychotic medication increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown excess CVD mortality in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.
MethodsThe participants (103 patients) age 55 years or more, had diagnosis of Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, Mood disorders and Mental disorders due to a general medical condition(DSM IV-TR criteria). Metabolic syndrome was estimated using the ATP III definition.
Framingham risk score was calculated using algorithms developed by Wilson for subjects aged 30 years and older.
ResultsOverall prevalence of MetS was 34%. (37.1% men, 62,9% women). Among patients with MetS 74.3% had schizophrenia, 8.6.% Mood disorder and 17.1% Mental disorders due to a general medical condition. In our sample 18.8% of patients with MetS were receiving FGAs, 78.1% SGAs and 3.1% combination of FGAs and SGAs but this difference wasn’t statistically significant.
Low risk (FRS < = 14) had 68% of participants (21.4% men and 78.6% women). Moderate risk (FRS > 15) had 32% of participants (66.7% men, 33.3% women).
ConclusionsThe results indicate that patients with schizophrenia have higher probability of having MetS, therefore, clinicians should appropriately monitor the risk factors and intervene as required.
P-457 - Dementia in Elderly Long Term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness
- P. Ntounas, C. Tsopelas, M. Dimitraka, D. Pappas, P. Chatzimanolis, E. Siouti, C. Touloumis, A. Douzenis, L. Lykouras
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Introduction:
Cognitive impairment and loss of functionality are key characteristics of dementia and also highly prevalent among patients with serious mental illness. Our study reports on the prevalence of dementia and the relationship between cognitive decline, behavioral and social functioning disturbances, lifestyle/ physical health parameters and the pharmaceutical approaches, in an elderly population of the psychiatric hospital of Attica.
Methods:103 patients, aged 55 years or more, with diagnosis of Schizophrenia/other psychotic disorders, Mood disorders, and mental disorders due to a general medical condition (DSM-IV-TR) participated. Dementia was also defined according to DSM-IV-TR. Data collection was through their medical records and scales (Mini Mental State Examination, Clock Drawing Test, Global Deterioration Scale, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Neuropsychiatric Inventory). All variables were statistically analyzed using the SPSS.
Results:Of the sample of 103 participants, 35.9% men, 64.1% women (mean age of 71), 60.2% had Schizophrenia, 7.8% Mood disorder, 32% Mental disorders due to a general medical condition. Dementia was diagnosed in 42 patients. 43,7% had severe daily skills dysfunction. Only 12,6% had no concomitant physical illness. Although they all had cognitive impairment, only 1/3 were treated with cognitive enhancers.
Conclusions:Long term mental disorder and long term hospitalization lead to severe deterioration of both cognitive function and daily skills abilities. Along with early screening for dementia, psychogeriatric patients need specific therapeutic approaches, promotion of favourable physical profile and amelioration of the consequences of the long term medication in their fragile health.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
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- 05 August 2015
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- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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- By Aakash Agarwala, Linda S. Aglio, Rae M. Allain, Paul D. Allen, Houman Amirfarzan, Yasodananda Kumar Areti, Amit Asopa, Edwin G. Avery, Patricia R. Bachiller, Angela M. Bader, Rana Badr, Sibinka Bajic, David J. Baker, Sheila R. Barnett, Rena Beckerly, Lorenzo Berra, Walter Bethune, Sascha S. Beutler, Tarun Bhalla, Edward A. Bittner, Jonathan D. Bloom, Alina V. Bodas, Lina M. Bolanos-Diaz, Ruma R. Bose, Jan Boublik, John P. Broadnax, Jason C. Brookman, Meredith R. Brooks, Roland Brusseau, Ethan O. Bryson, Linda A. Bulich, Kenji Butterfield, William R. Camann, Denise M. Chan, Theresa S. Chang, Jonathan E. Charnin, Mark Chrostowski, Fred Cobey, Adam B. Collins, Mercedes A. Concepcion, Christopher W. Connor, Bronwyn Cooper, Jeffrey B. Cooper, Martha Cordoba-Amorocho, Stephen B. Corn, Darin J. Correll, Gregory J. Crosby, Lisa J. Crossley, Deborah J. Culley, Tomas Cvrk, Michael N. D'Ambra, Michael Decker, Daniel F. Dedrick, Mark Dershwitz, Francis X. Dillon, Pradeep Dinakar, Alimorad G. Djalali, D. John Doyle, Lambertus Drop, Ian F. Dunn, Theodore E. Dushane, Sunil Eappen, Thomas Edrich, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Jason M. Erlich, Lucinda L. Everett, Elliott S. Farber, Khaldoun Faris, Eddy M. Feliz, Massimo Ferrigno, Richard S. Field, Michael G. Fitzsimons, Hugh L. Flanagan Jr., Vladimir Formanek, Amanda A. Fox, John A. Fox, Gyorgy Frendl, Tanja S. Frey, Samuel M. Galvagno Jr., Edward R. Garcia, Jonathan D. Gates, Cosmin Gauran, Brian J. Gelfand, Simon Gelman, Alexander C. Gerhart, Peter Gerner, Omid Ghalambor, Christopher J. Gilligan, Christian D. Gonzalez, Noah E. Gordon, William B. Gormley, Thomas J. Graetz, Wendy L. Gross, Amit Gupta, James P. Hardy, Seetharaman Hariharan, Miriam Harnett, Philip M. Hartigan, Joaquim M. Havens, Bishr Haydar, Stephen O. Heard, James L. Helstrom, David L. Hepner, McCallum R. Hoyt, Robert N. Jamison, Karinne Jervis, Stephanie B. Jones, Swaminathan Karthik, Richard M. Kaufman, Shubjeet Kaur, Lee A. Kearse Jr., John C. Keel, Scott D. Kelley, Albert H. Kim, Amy L. Kim, Grace Y. Kim, Robert J. Klickovich, Robert M. Knapp, Bhavani S. Kodali, Rahul Koka, Alina Lazar, Laura H. Leduc, Stanley Leeson, Lisa R. Leffert, Scott A. LeGrand, Patricio Leyton, J. Lance Lichtor, John Lin, Alvaro A. Macias, Karan Madan, Sohail K. Mahboobi, Devi Mahendran, Christine Mai, Sayeed Malek, S. Rao Mallampati, Thomas J. Mancuso, Ramon Martin, Matthew C. Martinez, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, Kai Matthes, Tommaso Mauri, Mary Ellen McCann, Shannon S. McKenna, Dennis J. McNicholl, Abdel-Kader Mehio, Thor C. Milland, Tonya L. K. Miller, John D. Mitchell, K. Annette Mizuguchi, Naila Moghul, David R. Moss, Ross J. Musumeci, Naveen Nathan, Ju-Mei Ng, Liem C. Nguyen, Ervant Nishanian, Martina Nowak, Ala Nozari, Michael Nurok, Arti Ori, Rafael A. Ortega, Amy J. Ortman, David Oxman, Arvind Palanisamy, Carlo Pancaro, Lisbeth Lopez Pappas, Benjamin Parish, Samuel Park, Deborah S. Pederson, Beverly K. Philip, James H. Philip, Silvia Pivi, Stephen D. Pratt, Douglas E. Raines, Stephen L. Ratcliff, James P. Rathmell, J. Taylor Reed, Elizabeth M. Rickerson, Selwyn O. Rogers Jr., Thomas M. Romanelli, William H. Rosenblatt, Carl E. Rosow, Edgar L. Ross, J. Victor Ryckman, Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, Warren S. Sandberg, Annette Y. Schure, B. Scott Segal, Navil F. Sethna, Swapneel K. Shah, Shaheen F. Shaikh, Fred E. Shapiro, Torin D. Shear, Prem S. Shekar, Stanton K. Shernan, Naomi Shimizu, Douglas C. Shook, Kamal K. Sikka, Pankaj K. Sikka, David A. Silver, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Emily A. Singer, Ken Solt, Spiro G. Spanakis, Wolfgang Steudel, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans, Michael P. Storey, Gary R. Strichartz, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Wariya Sukhupragarn, John Summers, Shine Sun, Eswar Sundar, Sugantha Sundar, Neelakantan Sunder, Faraz Syed, Usha B. Tedrow, Nelson L. Thaemert, George P. Topulos, Lawrence C. Tsen, Richard D. Urman, Charles A. Vacanti, Francis X. Vacanti, Joshua C. Vacanti, Assia Valovska, Ivan T. Valovski, Mary Ann Vann, Susan Vassallo, Anasuya Vasudevan, Kamen V. Vlassakov, Gian Paolo Volpato, Essi M. Vulli, J. Matthias Walz, Jingping Wang, James F. Watkins, Maxwell Weinmann, Sharon L. Wetherall, Mallory Williams, Sarah H. Wiser, Zhiling Xiong, Warren M. Zapol, Jie Zhou
- Edited by Charles Vacanti, Scott Segal, Pankaj Sikka, Richard Urman
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- Essential Clinical Anesthesia
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- 05 January 2012
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- 11 July 2011, pp xv-xxviii
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- By Leonard A. Adler, Henrik Anckarsäter, L. Eugene Arnold, Philip J. Asherson, Russell Barkley, Joseph Biederman, Andrew D. Blackwell, Jessica Bramham, Thomas E. Brown, Richard Bruggeman, Jan K. Buitelaar, C. Keith Conners, Jonathan H. Dowson, Steve V. Faraone, Christopher Gibbins, Christopher Gillberg, I. Carina Gillberg, Ylva Ginsberg, Laurence L. Greenhill, Julia D. Hunter, Cornelis C. Kan, Ronald C. Kessler, Scott H. Kollins, J. J. Sandra Kooij, Johanna Krause, Jonna Kuntsi, Florence Levy, Stephen P. McDermott, Gráinne McLoughlin, Mitul A. Mehta, Asko Niemela, Eleni Paliokosta, Yannis Paloyelis, Vangelis Pappas, Patricia Quinn, Maria Råstam, Doris Ryffel, David Shaw, Seija Sirviö, Thomas Spencer, Lacramioara Spetie, Siegfried Tuinier, Fiona E. van Dijk, Anne M. D. N. van Lammeren, Wim J. C. Verbeeck, Margaret Weiss, Timothy E. Wilens, Kiriakos Xenitidis
- Edited by Jan K. Buitelaar, Cornelis C. Kan, Philip Asherson, Institute of Psychiatry, London
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- ADHD in Adults
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- 04 April 2011
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- 03 March 2011, pp vii-ix
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The Risk of Peripheral Vein Phlebitis Associated With Chlorhexidine-Coated Catheters A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial
- Robert J. Sherertz, Jeffrey L. Stephens, Randy D. Marosok, William A. Carruth, H. Anne Rich, Kenneth D. Hampton, Sandy M. Motsinger, Lynnette C. Harris, Philip E. Scuderi, James G. Pappas, Steven C. Felton, Donald D. Solomon
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 18 / Issue 4 / April 1997
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 230-236
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- April 1997
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Objective:
To evaluate the risk of phlebitis associated with chlorhexidine-coated polyurethane catheters in peripheral veins.
Design:A randomized, double-blinded trial comparing chlorhexidine-coated polyurethane catheters with uncoated polyurethane catheters.
Setting:A university hospital.
Patients:Adult medicine and surgery patients.
Interventions:Certified registered nurse anesthetists or an infusion team consisting of nurses and physicians inserted the catheters. Catheter insertion sites were scored twice daily for evidence of phlebitis. At the time catheters were removed, a quantitative blood culture was performed, and catheters were sonicated for quantitative culture.
Results:Of 221 evaluable catheters, phlebitis developed in 18 (17%) of 105 coated catheters, compared to 27 (23%) of 116 uncoated catheters (relative risk [RR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 0.43-1.26; P=.32). By survival analysis, chlorhexidine-coated catheters had a lower risk of phlebitis during the first 3 days (P=.06), but not when all catheters were considered in both patient groups (P=.31). In the absence of catheter colonization, the incidence of phlebitis was 21% (16/76) and 24% (20/86) for coated and uncoated catheters, respectively (P=.85), whereas in the presence of catheter colonization, the incidence of phlebitis was 14% (1/7) and 80% (4/5) for coated and uncoated catheters, respectively (RR, 0.18; CI95, 0.03-1.15; P=.07).
Conclusion:The risk of phlebitis in the presence of catheter colonization was 82% lower for chlorhexidinecoated polyurethane catheters compared to otherwise identical uncoated catheters.
Growth of Single Crystal Copper Films on Diamond Using Fcc-Iron Seed Layers
- D. P. Pappas, V. G. Harris, H. A. Hoff, G. L. Watena, J. W. Glesener
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 339 / 1994
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- 21 February 2011, 241
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- 1994
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Copper films were grown on a single crystal diamond substrate using an iron seed layer. The effect of the crystalline structure of the iron seed on the Cu films was studied with extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The EXAFS study shows that the 10 Å Fe seed layer is in an fee structure, and has collapsed into a bec structure by the time 20 Å of Fe has been deposited. In the SEM pictures it is observed that subsequent layers of Cu grow as continuous films for thin fcc-Fe seeds, and grow in an island mode for the thick, bcc-Fe seeds.
The Effects of Substrate Conditions on the Microstructural Evolution of Thin Diamond-Like Films
- J. J. Cuomo, J. Bruley, J. P. Doyle, D. L. Pappas, K. L. Saenger, J. C. Liu, P. E. Batson
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 202 / 1990
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 February 2011, 247
- Print publication:
- 1990
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We report on a study of hard amorphous carbon thin films prepared by condensing streams of energetic carbon species, onto a range of substrates maintained at different temperatures. The carbon vapor is generated either by ion sputtering, laser ablation or e-beam evaporation. Spatially resolved electron-energy-loss spectra reveal variations in the films′ microstructure brought about by altering the deposition conditions. We estimate that the density of the different films varies between 2.0 and 3.26 g/cm3. We observe an evolution towards denser films upon increasing incident beam energy, reducing substrate temperature, and increasing substrate thermal conductivity. Low density films contain a predominance of trigonally bonded sp2-hybridized carbon (i.e graphitic carbon) and the highest density films contain a high fraction (∽ 80%) of tetr-ahedral sp3-bonded carbon (i.e. diamond-like).
Spin Polarized Inelastic Electron Scattering From Ni (110)
- H. Hopster, D. L. Abraham, D. P. Pappas
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 151 / 1989
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 September 2012, 59
- Print publication:
- 1989
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The spin dependent energy loss mechanisms in low-energy electron scattering from a ferromagnetic Ni(110) surface are studied. It is shown that exchange scattering can be the dominant loss mechanism for small energy losses. The energy-, angle and temperature dependence of spin asymmetries are studied in detail.