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3 Rey Complex Figure Scoring Made Simple: Data from the Emory Healthy Brain Study
- David W. Loring, Jessica L. Saurman, Najé Simama, Katherine Sanders, James J. Lah, Felicia C. Goldstein
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 601-602
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Objective:
The Rey Complex Figure (CF) is a popular test to assess visuospatial construction and visual memory, but its broader use in clinical research is limited by scoring complexity. To widen its application, we developed a new CF scoring system similar to the Benson Figure in which 10 primary CF elements are scored according to presence and location. A novel recognition task was also created for each of these 10 items consisting of a 4-choice recognition condition containing the primary rectangle and major interior lines with qualitative variations of target elements as distractors. The current investigation was designed to characterize the relationship between scoring methods and establish whether comparable results are obtained across both traditional and new CF scoring approaches.
Participants and Methods:Participants from the Emory Health Brain Study (EHBS) who had completed the Rey CF copy during their cognitive study visit were studied. All participants were self-identified as normal, and administered the CF according to our previously published procedure that included the Copy, Immediate Recall (∼ 30 seconds), and 30-minute Delayed Recall (Loring et al., 1990). Following delayed recall, CF recognition was assessed using the Meyers and Myers (1995) recognition followed by the newly developed forced choice recognition. The final sample included 155 participants ranging in age from 51.6 years to 80.0 years (M=64.9, SD=6.6). The average MoCA score was 26.8/30 (SD=6.6).
Results:Mean performance levels across conditions and scoring approaches are included in the table. Correlations between Copy, Immediate Recall, Delayed Recall, and Recognition were calculated to evaluate the relationship between the traditional 18 item/36 point Osterrieth criteria and newly developed CF scoring criteria using both parametric and non-parametric approaches. Pearson correlations demonstrated high agreement between approaches when characterizing performance levels across all CF conditions (Copy r=.72, Immediate Recall r=.87, Delayed Recall r=.90, and Recognition r=.52). Similar correlations were present using non-parametric analyses (Copy ρ=.46, Immediate Recall ρ=.83, Delayed Recall ρ=.91, and Recognition ρ=.42). Table. Mean performance levels across conditions and scoring approaches
Conclusions:The high correlations, particularly for Immediate and Delayed Recall conditions, suggest that the modified simpler scoring system is comparable to the traditional approach, thereby suggesting potential equivalence between scoring methods. When comparing Rey’s original 47 point scoring approach to his 36 point scoring system, Osterrieth (1944) reported a correlation in fifty adults of ρ=.95 and a correlation in twenty 6-year-olds of ρ=.92. In this investigation, lower correlations were observed for copy and recognition conditions, in part representing smaller response distribution across participants. Although these preliminary results are encouraging, to implement the new EHBS scoring method in clinical evaluation, we are developing normative data in participants across the entire EHBS series, many of whom were not administered the new CF Recognition. We are also examining performances in patients undergoing DBS evaluation for Parkinson Disease to explore its clinical sensitivity. Simpler scoring will permit greater CF clinical and research application.
Assessing conservation tools for an at-risk shorebird: Feasibility of headstarting for American Oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus
- SAMANTHA A. COLLINS, FELICIA J. SANDERS, PATRICK G. R. JODICE
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- Journal:
- Bird Conservation International / Volume 26 / Issue 4 / December 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 May 2016, pp. 451-465
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Management of threatened and endangered populations of wildlife increasingly relies upon active intervention such as predator control, habitat manipulation, and ex situ breeding or care. One tool that has received consideration for the management of declining or threatened avian populations is headstarting, or the artificial incubation of eggs and subsequent placement of newly hatched chicks in original or foster nests. We assessed the feasibility of implementing a headstarting program for the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus, a species of high conservation concern in the eastern USA. Annual productivity is often low and lost during incubation, suggesting artificial incubation could enhance annual productivity. We used a control-impact approach to assign nests as either control or headstart and measured daily survival rate, success of parents accepting headstarted chicks, attendance patterns and behaviours of parents, and chick survival. We also implemented a transparent scoring process to rate the success of each step and the overall program. Daily survival rates of nests were significantly higher at headstart compared to control nests, and parents continued to incubate when eggs were well secured at nest sites. Attendance patterns and behaviour did not differ between headstart and control parents, and parents readily accepted healthy chicks whether they were returned to original or foster nests. Chick survival and subsequently annual productivity were, however, not higher at headstart compared to control nests suggesting that although we were able to enhance nest survival, low chick survival was still limiting annual productivity. Ultimately, headstarting may be most appropriate for American Oystercatchers where productivity is lost primarily to flooding, predation, or disturbance during the incubation stage but not during the chick-rearing stage. If, for example, high rates of nest loss are due to predators that also may prey upon chicks, then headstarting may not be an effective conservation tool.
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