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Evaluation of indigenous and exotic soybean accessions for yield, resistance to frog-eye leaf spot and yellow mosaic virus diseases
- Anuradha Bhartiya, Vangala Rajesh, J. P. Aditya, Jeevan B., Sanjay Gupta, Lakshmi Kant, Hemlata Joshi, S. P. Mehtre, H. N. Devi, S. Jaybhay, M. K. Karnwal, Vennampally Nataraj, Nita Khandekar
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- Journal:
- Plant Genetic Resources / Volume 21 / Issue 6 / December 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 December 2023, pp. 513-519
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Soybean is a major source of vegetable oil and protein worldwide. Globally, India is among the top five producers where soybean is a major oilseed grown under diverse agro-climatic conditions by small and marginal farmers. The present study aims to identify soybean varieties with higher yield levels, resistance to pestdiseases and adaptability to climatic fluctuations. One hundred and twenty-five (125) indigenous and exotic soybean germplasm accessions and five checks were evaluated and characterized for eight agro-morphological traits at five testing locations and also screened for frog-eye leaf spot (FLS) and yellow mosaic virus (YMV) diseases under hot-spot locations during the rainy season. A wide range of variability was observed among accessions for days to 50% flowering (39–59), plant height (41–111 cm), number of nodes/plant (10–30), pod clusters/plant (14–39), number of pods/plant (40–102), days to maturity (96–115), grain yield/plant (4.89–16.54 g) and 100-seed weight (6.02–13.72 g). Among various traits, 100-seed weight (0.45), number of pods/plant (0.60) and number of pod clusters/plant (0.38) were found to be major yield-contributing traits as they exhibited highly significant correlation with grain yield/plant. Principal components PCI and PCII with eigen value >1 accounted for 42.66 and 27.08% of the total variation, respectively. Accessions G24 (EC 393222) from Taiwan and G40 (IMP-1) from the USA belonging to cluster IV were found promising for multiple yield traits and JS 20–38 from cluster III for earliness as per cluster analysis. GGE biplot average environment coordination (AEC) view revealed that the accessions viz., G11 (EC 333872), G2 (EC 251506) and G47 (TNAU-S-55) were the best performing stable genotypes in terms of grain yield/plant across locations. Twelve accessions had a high level of resistance against both FLS and YMV diseases under natural hot-spot conditions which can be utilized as promising donors in the soybean breeding programme.
Contributors
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- By Aakash Agarwala, Linda S. Aglio, Rae M. Allain, Paul D. Allen, Houman Amirfarzan, Yasodananda Kumar Areti, Amit Asopa, Edwin G. Avery, Patricia R. Bachiller, Angela M. Bader, Rana Badr, Sibinka Bajic, David J. Baker, Sheila R. Barnett, Rena Beckerly, Lorenzo Berra, Walter Bethune, Sascha S. Beutler, Tarun Bhalla, Edward A. Bittner, Jonathan D. Bloom, Alina V. Bodas, Lina M. Bolanos-Diaz, Ruma R. Bose, Jan Boublik, John P. Broadnax, Jason C. Brookman, Meredith R. Brooks, Roland Brusseau, Ethan O. Bryson, Linda A. Bulich, Kenji Butterfield, William R. Camann, Denise M. Chan, Theresa S. Chang, Jonathan E. Charnin, Mark Chrostowski, Fred Cobey, Adam B. Collins, Mercedes A. Concepcion, Christopher W. Connor, Bronwyn Cooper, Jeffrey B. Cooper, Martha Cordoba-Amorocho, Stephen B. Corn, Darin J. Correll, Gregory J. Crosby, Lisa J. Crossley, Deborah J. Culley, Tomas Cvrk, Michael N. D'Ambra, Michael Decker, Daniel F. Dedrick, Mark Dershwitz, Francis X. Dillon, Pradeep Dinakar, Alimorad G. Djalali, D. John Doyle, Lambertus Drop, Ian F. Dunn, Theodore E. Dushane, Sunil Eappen, Thomas Edrich, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Jason M. Erlich, Lucinda L. Everett, Elliott S. Farber, Khaldoun Faris, Eddy M. Feliz, Massimo Ferrigno, Richard S. Field, Michael G. Fitzsimons, Hugh L. Flanagan Jr., Vladimir Formanek, Amanda A. Fox, John A. Fox, Gyorgy Frendl, Tanja S. Frey, Samuel M. Galvagno Jr., Edward R. Garcia, Jonathan D. Gates, Cosmin Gauran, Brian J. Gelfand, Simon Gelman, Alexander C. Gerhart, Peter Gerner, Omid Ghalambor, Christopher J. Gilligan, Christian D. Gonzalez, Noah E. Gordon, William B. Gormley, Thomas J. Graetz, Wendy L. Gross, Amit Gupta, James P. Hardy, Seetharaman Hariharan, Miriam Harnett, Philip M. Hartigan, Joaquim M. Havens, Bishr Haydar, Stephen O. Heard, James L. Helstrom, David L. Hepner, McCallum R. Hoyt, Robert N. Jamison, Karinne Jervis, Stephanie B. Jones, Swaminathan Karthik, Richard M. Kaufman, Shubjeet Kaur, Lee A. Kearse Jr., John C. Keel, Scott D. Kelley, Albert H. Kim, Amy L. Kim, Grace Y. Kim, Robert J. Klickovich, Robert M. Knapp, Bhavani S. Kodali, Rahul Koka, Alina Lazar, Laura H. Leduc, Stanley Leeson, Lisa R. Leffert, Scott A. LeGrand, Patricio Leyton, J. Lance Lichtor, John Lin, Alvaro A. Macias, Karan Madan, Sohail K. Mahboobi, Devi Mahendran, Christine Mai, Sayeed Malek, S. Rao Mallampati, Thomas J. Mancuso, Ramon Martin, Matthew C. Martinez, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, Kai Matthes, Tommaso Mauri, Mary Ellen McCann, Shannon S. McKenna, Dennis J. McNicholl, Abdel-Kader Mehio, Thor C. Milland, Tonya L. K. Miller, John D. Mitchell, K. Annette Mizuguchi, Naila Moghul, David R. Moss, Ross J. Musumeci, Naveen Nathan, Ju-Mei Ng, Liem C. Nguyen, Ervant Nishanian, Martina Nowak, Ala Nozari, Michael Nurok, Arti Ori, Rafael A. Ortega, Amy J. Ortman, David Oxman, Arvind Palanisamy, Carlo Pancaro, Lisbeth Lopez Pappas, Benjamin Parish, Samuel Park, Deborah S. Pederson, Beverly K. Philip, James H. Philip, Silvia Pivi, Stephen D. Pratt, Douglas E. Raines, Stephen L. Ratcliff, James P. Rathmell, J. Taylor Reed, Elizabeth M. Rickerson, Selwyn O. Rogers Jr., Thomas M. Romanelli, William H. Rosenblatt, Carl E. Rosow, Edgar L. Ross, J. Victor Ryckman, Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, Warren S. Sandberg, Annette Y. Schure, B. Scott Segal, Navil F. Sethna, Swapneel K. Shah, Shaheen F. Shaikh, Fred E. Shapiro, Torin D. Shear, Prem S. Shekar, Stanton K. Shernan, Naomi Shimizu, Douglas C. Shook, Kamal K. Sikka, Pankaj K. Sikka, David A. Silver, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Emily A. Singer, Ken Solt, Spiro G. Spanakis, Wolfgang Steudel, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans, Michael P. Storey, Gary R. Strichartz, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Wariya Sukhupragarn, John Summers, Shine Sun, Eswar Sundar, Sugantha Sundar, Neelakantan Sunder, Faraz Syed, Usha B. Tedrow, Nelson L. Thaemert, George P. Topulos, Lawrence C. Tsen, Richard D. Urman, Charles A. Vacanti, Francis X. Vacanti, Joshua C. Vacanti, Assia Valovska, Ivan T. Valovski, Mary Ann Vann, Susan Vassallo, Anasuya Vasudevan, Kamen V. Vlassakov, Gian Paolo Volpato, Essi M. Vulli, J. Matthias Walz, Jingping Wang, James F. Watkins, Maxwell Weinmann, Sharon L. Wetherall, Mallory Williams, Sarah H. Wiser, Zhiling Xiong, Warren M. Zapol, Jie Zhou
- Edited by Charles Vacanti, Scott Segal, Pankaj Sikka, Richard Urman
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- Book:
- Essential Clinical Anesthesia
- Published online:
- 05 January 2012
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2011, pp xv-xxviii
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6 - Inter-relationships between consanguinity, religion and fertility in Karnataka, South India
- Edited by John Landers, University College London, Vernon Reynolds, University of Oxford
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- Book:
- Fertility and Resources
- Published online:
- 13 March 2010
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- 25 October 1990, pp 62-75
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Summary
Introduction
When considering factors which act as major influences on fertility, religion and consanguinity may feature prominently, especially among the populations of less developed nations. Unfortunately, in many such studies it has been the practice either to assess the effects of religion and consanguinity separately, or to ignore consanguinity altogether. For the investigation of possible inter-relationships between the three parameters South India provides an excellent study centre. In the four southern states, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, with a combined population in the 1981 Census of India of 164.1 millions, consanguineous marriages are strongly favoured and three major religions, Hinduism, Islam and Christianity, are practised. Therefore detailed studies into the relative roles and effects of religion and consanguinity on fertility are possible at local, state and regional levels.
The study population
Data have been collected on fertility and a variety of fertility-associated parameters in the cities of Bangalore and Mysore, the present and former capital of the state of Karnataka, as part of a prospective neonatal screening programme for the detection of inherited amino acid disorders (Appaji Rao et al, 1988). Within three to five days of the birth of a child, details are obtained by interview from the mother on her age, the degree of genetic relatedness between husband and wife, their religion(s), and the number of liveborn and living children in the family. The consanguinity classes noted are: nonconsanguineous (with a coefficient of inbreeding in the offspring F=O), beyond second cousin (F < 0.0156), second cousin (F= 0.0156), first cousin (F= 0.0625) and uncle–niece (F=0.125).
Inbreeding and the incidence of recessive disorders in the populations of Karnataka, South India
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- By A. H. Bittles, Department of Anatomy and Human Biology, King's College, London, U.K., A. Radha Rama Devi, Health Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India., N. Appaji Rao, Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Edited by Derek F. Roberts, G. F. De Stefano
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- Book:
- Genetic Variation and its Maintenance
- Published online:
- 05 March 2012
- Print publication:
- 30 October 1986, pp 221-228
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Summary
INTRODUCTION
While it is generally accepted that inbreeding in humans can lead to increased incidences of genetically-determined abnormalities, due to the expression of rare, deleterious, recessive genes in the homozygous state, consanguineous marriages are common in many communities, for example, the four southern states of India, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Kumar et al, 1967; Rao & Inbaraj, 1977a; Rami Reddy & Chandrasekhar Reddy, 1979; Radha Rama Devi et al, 1981). Although infectious diseases and nutritional disorders are still common in India, their incidences have declined markedly during the last twenty years. Therefore it seems probable that among the populations of South India (Fig. 1), which in the 1981 Census totalled over 164 millions, a transition from an almost exclusively environmental to an increasingly genetic pattern of disease is currently under way, similar to that earlier observed in countries such as Great Britain (Roberts et al, 1970). However the emerging situation in the South Indian states almost certainly will be of greater complexity than in Western countries because of the long inbreeding tradition. Indeed, it has been suggested that the high levels of inbreeding practised by the Dravidian peoples for at least 2,000 years (Centerwall et al, 1969) would have led to the gradual elimination of deleterious lethals and sublethals from the gene pool by segregation (Sanghvi, 1966). This theory has been questioned (Chakraborty & Chakravarti, 1977; Bittles, 1980) but supporting evidence was claimed in large-scale prospective and retrospective studies conducted in Tamil Nadu (Rao & Inbaraj, 1977b, 1979a,b, 1980).