4 results
Effects of Mindful Self-Compassion on Psychological Well-Being in Psychiatric Rehabilitation: A Randomized-Controlled Trial
- A. Andorfer, M. Hiebler-Ragger, P. Kaufmann, E. Pollheimer, L. Gaiswinkler, H.-F. Unterrainer, H.-P. Kapfhammer, A. Kresse
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 65 / Issue S1 / June 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 September 2022, p. S245
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The evidence for the positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions on psychological well-being and physical health has been convincing in recent years. As a specific form of such an intervention, the Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training program was developed to promote self-compassion and mindfulness. An initial study on an adapted version of the MSC training program considered it to be beneficial in psychiatric inpatient rehabilitation.
ObjectivesThe present study aims to further evaluate the link between MSC and psychological symptoms as well as quality of life.
MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted from September 2020 to August 2021. A total of 228 patients (64% female, 36% male) participated in a six-week psychiatric rehabilitation program to assess the impact of an adapted MSC training program compared to the control intervention of Progressive Muscle Relaxation training (PMR) on psychological well-being. Both training programs took place once a week for 75 minutes as part of a standardized inpatient rehabilitation program. The participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), and the Short-Form-Health-Survey-12 (SF-12) pre and post intervention.
ResultsAt the moment, statistical analyses are being carried out. Detailed results will be presented on the poster.
ConclusionsThe results of this study will contribute to rehabilitation research as they provide further insight into the role of MSC in the treatment of mental disorders. In addition, the clinical implications, and possible effects of changes in the rehabilitation program during the COVID-19 pandemic on the protocol and the results of this study will be discussed.
DisclosureNo significant relationships.
CS03-04 - Concept of somatoform disorder
- H.-P. Kapfhammer
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 26 / Issue S2 / March 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2020, p. 1777
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
Patients presenting with bodily symptoms and complaints that are not sufficiently explained by organic pathology or well known pathophysiological mechanisms present a major challenge to any health delivery system. From a perspective of psychiatric classification these medically unexplained somatic symptoms may be diagnosed as primary psychiatric disorders such as depressive and anxiety disorders on the one hand, as somatoform disorders on the other. Among medical specialties a separate diagnostic approach is taken to conceptualize functional somatic syndromes. Unfortunately, both diagnostic systems do not conform to each other very well.
The concept of somatoform disorders as outlined in DSM-III to DSM-IV-TR and in ICD-10 refers to a group of heterogeneous disorders with prominent somatic symptoms or special body-focussed anxieties, or convictions of illness. These disorders seem to indicate medical conditions that cannot, however, fully be explained either in terms of medical diagnostics or of other primary psychiatric disorders. There is one major conceptual assumption that postulates a decisive impact of psychosocial stress on the origin, onset and/or course of these somatic symptoms and complaints. And there is one major path of diagnostic steps to be taken, i.e. just to count the number of medically unexplained somatic symptoms, to determine their reference to any main organ system, to prove that they are not self-induced, to put special stress on prevailing pain symptoms and to separately assess dominant health anxieties or illness convictions.
Since introduction of the diagnostic concept of somatoform disorders there have been arising many critical issues regarding the soundness of this diagnostic category. These issues, among other things, refer to a problematic mind-body dichotomy overemphasizing psychosocial and psychological factors and neglecting major neurobiological processes, to the impracticable criterion of “medically unexplained”, to the demand of conceptual clarity and coherence of this diagnostic category, to the rather trivial diagnostic procedure of just counting the number of medically unexplained somatic symptoms whereas not assessing typical dimensions of illness behaviour in a corresponding way, to the major overlap between subgroups of somatoform disorders on the one hand and factitious disorders, anxiety disorders and depressive disorders on the other, to a principal focus on the epidemiologically rare condition of somatisation disorder as core disorder thereby undervaluing much more prevalent subthreshold conditions, to the difficult communication of the whole diagnostic group to medical colleagues dealing with the same problems by using a different conceptual approach, however.
These critical issues surrounding the concept of somatoform disorder will be reflected in respect of some major revisions projected in future diagnostic classification systems of DSM-V and ICD-11.
P-793 - Reduced Intracortical Functional Connectivity in Huntington's Disease
- A. Painold, P. Milz, P.L. Faber, P. Anderer, H.-P. Kapfhammer, K. Kochi, D. Lehmann
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Functional network disruption in degenerative dementia has been reported. EEG coherence is used to assess functional connectivity between brain areas. Previous studies of Huntington's disease (HD) reported about electroencephalography (EEG) spectral power and source location, but coherence has not yet been examined.
Objectives and AimsTo examine EEG intracortical functional connectivity in HD using low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA).
MethodsIn 55 HD patients and 55 controls, 3-minute 19-channel vigilance-controlled EEG was recorded, and recomputed to current densities of 6239 cortical sLORETA voxels. These were recomputed into source model time series for 19 regions of interest (ROIs). Coherence overestimation due to volume conduction was avoided by computing functional connectivity as ‘lagged’ coherence. This was done for each ROI pair (19*18/2=171) in each of 8 EEG frequency bands (delta through gamma). Statistics tested coherences (a) HD patients versus controls, and (b) HD patients in early versus late disease stages.
Results(a) HD patients showed only reduced connectivities compared to controls (p < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparison), involving EEG theta, alpha-1-2 and beta1-2-3 frequency bands. The largest number of reduced connectivities occurred in alpha-1 (79 cases) and beta-2 (96 cases). (b) HD stage-1 versus stage-3-4 revealed only one significant difference.
ConclusionsHD compared to controls showed massive reduction of functional connectivity. This occurred early and remained stable during disease progression. As in other dementing disorders, for example Alzheimer disease, the largest reduction concerned alpha and beta EEG frequencies. The results suggest a neocortical disconnection syndrome of a primarily subcortical disease.
1115 – A Biopsychosocial Model Of Interferon-α-induced Depression In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis c Infection
- A. Baranyi, A. Meinitzer, A. Stepan, C. Putz-Bankuti, R. Stauber, H.-P. Kapfhammer, H.-B. Rothenhäusler
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, 28-E507
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The aim of this prospective study was to gain a complete picture of the biopsychosocial effects of interferon-α treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. The predictors of depressive development and changes in health-related quality of life, life satisfaction and cognitive ability would be measured with the inclusion of the social context. Furthermore, the effects of interferon treatment on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the level of tryptophan supply in the brain, the development of neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites, and the thyroid glands were investigated. Therefore, for the first time the conditions for the development of depressive episodes in HCV patients treated with interferon-α were examined over the entire period of treatment as well as three months later, applying a holistic biopsychosocial model.
MethodsPsychiatric and biological assessments were carried out at six different times: before, during (at one, three, six and nine months), and after the end of interferon-α treatment.
ResultsDuring IFN-α treatment 22 (53.7%) patients fulfilled the criteria for a treatment-related depressive disorder at least once during treatment. Contributing factors are tryptophan depletion (tryptophan to competing amino acids quotient), increased neurotoxic challenge (kynurenine to kynurenic acid quotient), less social support, female gender, preexisting psychiatric vulnerability, means of transmission, low financial security, impaired sexual satisfaction, small circle of friends, impaired role physical, strong body pain, low general health and vitality, reduced social functioning, impaired mental health and role emotional.
ConclusionsThe awareness of relevant risk factors of IFN-α treatment-induced depression is essential to develop preventative treatment strategies.