6 results
Post-electroconvulsive therapy cognitive alterations
- K. Douk, I. Belabess, S. Belbachir
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S1021
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Introduction
ectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical treatment most often used for patients with severe major depression or bipolar disorder who have not responded to other treatments, as well as for resistant schizophrenia, and consists of brief electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia. It is usually administered by a team of trained health care professionals, including a psychiatrist, an anesthesiologist and a nurse or physician assistant.
The mode of action is not well known, but it is assumed that ECT is associated with a significant reduction in brain connections in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is associated with a significant decrease in depressive symptoms. This would support the hypothesis that hyper-connectivity in this area of the brain is closely linked to depression.
Despite its great effectiveness, this technique remains limited by numerous contraindications and exposes the patient to a multitude of short-, medium- and long-term side effects, notably cognitive disorders.
ObjectivesTo shed light on the cognitive disorders affecting mnesic processes, learning and thinking after electroconvulsive therapy.
MethodsWe have performed a systematic literature review using the following keywords on the GoogleScholar database: cognitive impairment post electroconvulsive therapy, cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy, electroconvulsive side effects, ECT.
ResultsMost of the studies on cognitive disorders after ECT have focused on mnesic abilities, in particular the deterioration of anterograde memory which is at its maximum just after the session and which recovers progressively and spontaneously. The deterioration of retrograde memory, on the other hand, depends on the administered dose, the type and the location of the electrodes, and has a greater tendency to affect recent memories than old ones.
Other studies have focused on the speed of the process of information, which is also affected, with a significant decrease, especially in depressed people, a decrease that can be progressively resolved with time. Concerning attentiveness, some studies have noted a minimal decrease, especially in the lateral visual fields, and a perseveration in verbal expression. These studies also noted a deterioration of executive functions with a decrease in performance on the STROOP and MTM tests and also in verbal fluency.
ConclusionsThe occurrence and preservation of cognitive deficits after ECT is a much debated subject with many controversial studies, and despite the numerous studies on this subject, we are still far from conclusive and exploitable results, especially with the intricacy of the diversity of parameters, materials and techniques of ECT, and also because of other factors such as individual peculiarities, neurological co-morbidities, and polymedication to psychotropic drugs.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Borderline personality disorder in adolescents: Descriptive study about a series of cases
- I. Belabbes, K. Douk, I. Katir, H. Kisra
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S724-S725
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Introduction
Video gaming is an extremely popular leisure activity, with over two billion users worldwide (Newzoo, 2017).Nevertheless, excessive video game playing exposes to potential dangers. The WHO reminds us that “every gamer should be aware of the time spent on games, especially if their daily activities are affected, as well as any physical or psychological, social and health changes that could be attributed to gaming behaviour.”
ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to analyse the frequency of video game use, and to determine its relationship with psychological and social functioning and academic performance.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the child psychiatry department at Arrazi Hospital in Salé among adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years. For this, we used :A hetero-questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, reasons for gambling, type of gambling, satisfaction, self-esteem, ability to make friends and degree of social support, and school results , The DSM 5 criteria proposed in the appendix for the research and The K-SADS
ResultsSocio-demographic data
- Our study was carried out on a sample of 57 adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years, with an average age of 13.47.
- There was a predominance of males: Boys: 87. ; Girls: 17.5
All the adolescents are in school: Primary 26.3 , Middle school 59.6 , High school 14 % Social functioning and academic performance
- 54.4% reported having both real and virtual friends, 29.8% specified that all their friends are virtual, And 15.8% noted that they have no friends
- Academic decline was noted by the parents of 61.1% of adolescents Psychological functioning 68.4% reported low self-esteem, 31.6% reported being dissatisfied with their lives and 0.5% met the diagnostic criteria for video game addiction
ConclusionsOur study finds that problematic video game use is related to male gender, low academic performance, difficulties with social interactions and also low self-esteem and satisfaction. Screening for psychiatric co-morbidities and vulnerability factors is essential for the management of this type of pathology.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
suicide among women, its clinical specificities and risk factors
- K. Douk, I. belabess, H. Nafiaa, A. Ouanass
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S1110-S1111
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Introduction
In the general population, the authors have noted that most suicides are commited by men, this gender difference also includes the methods that suicidal people use to commit suicide; women tend to use less immediately lethal means such as drug ingestion in contrast to the methods that men adopt, which often include poisoning, hanging or the use of firearms. This is partly due to the fact that men verbalize their suffering less in the context of the hegemony of masculinity which delays the request for help.
ObjectivesOur objective is to describe the profile of female patients admitted to the AR-RAZI hospital in Salé for suicide attempts and/or with a previous suicide attempts and their treatment and to identify the risk factors, which will allow us to develop preventive therapeutic strategies, taking into account their age, their reasons for hospitalization and clinical presentation on admission; their physiological characteristics, their somatic and psychiatric co-morbidities and their socio-cultural factors.
MethodsWe have performed a cross-sectional study of 59 female patients admitted to Ar-Razi Psychiatric Hospital for suicide attempt or having already committed at least one suicide attempt, by means of a questionnaire specifying their age, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic level and residence.
The patients in question were recruited within a 2-year time frame, coming for the most part from the regions of the kingdom that our center covers.
Results- 13 are between 21-25 years old, 10 are between 15-20 years old, 9 are over 51 years old, 7 are between 31-35, 6 are between 26-30, 4 are between 41-45 and only one patient who is in the age range between 46-50.
- 31 are single, 16 are married, 11 are divorced or in the process of being divorced and only one widow.
- 36 have children between 1 and 6 years old and 23 have never given birth.
- 39 women never had a job or have not had one for at least 2 years, 10 are students, 5 are working in the public sector, 3 are working in the private sector and 2 are living from personal or family businesses.
- 30 live in a modest socioeconomic level, 25 in a medium level and 4 in a high level.
- 21 patients live in Rabat, 14 in Salé, 4 in Témara, and the rest are spread over the urban, rural and urban periphery of the territory that our center covers.
ConclusionsThe notion of suicide is quite wide to be reduced to suicide attempts, given the multitude of semiological equivalents of the suicidal act. apart from the etiology, the sex of the suicidal person strongly influences all the parameters of the suicidal person and the suicidal act, including the risk factors, the means used and the means of protection, hence the interest in adapting the preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic approach, both medical and social, by taking into account the sex of the suicidal person for optimal care.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Problematic video game use in adolescents and psychosocial functioning
- I. Belabbes, K. Douk, Z. Elmaataoui, H. Kisra
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S724
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
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Introduction
Video gaming is an extremely popular leisure activity, with over two billion users worldwide (Newzoo, 2017).
Nevertheless, excessive video game playing exposes to potential dangers. The WHO reminds us that “every gamer should be aware of the time spent on games, especially if their daily activities are affected, as well as any physical or psychological, social and health changes that could be attributed to gaming behaviour.”
ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to analyse the frequency of video game use, and to determine its relationship with psychological and social functioning and academic performance.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the child psychiatry department at Arrazi Hospital in Salé among adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years.
For this, we used:
- A hetero-questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, reasons for gambling, type of gambling, satisfaction, self-esteem, ability to make friends and degree of social support, and school results
- The DSM 5 criteria proposed in the appendix for the research
- The K-SADS
ResultsSocio-demographic data
- Our study was carried out on a sample of 57 adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years, with an average age of 13.47.
- There was a predominance of males:
Boys: 87.5 , Girls: 17.5
All the adolescents are in school:
Primary 26.3
Middle school 59.6
High school 14 %
Social functioning and academic performance
- 54.4% reported having both real and virtual friends, 29.8% specified that all their friends are virtual, And 15.8% noted that they have no friends
- Academic decline was noted by the parents of 61.1% of adolescents Psychological functioning
- 68.4% reported low self-esteem
- 31.6% reported being dissatisfied with their lives
- 0.5% met the diagnostic criteria for video game addiction
ConclusionsOur study finds that problematic video game use is related to male gender, low academic performance, difficulties with social interactions and also low self-esteem and satisfaction.
Screening for psychiatric co-morbidities and vulnerability factors is essential for the management of this type of pathology.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Gender dysphoria: Psychological impact and social repercussions
- I. Belabbes, M. Chtibi, K. Douk, H. Kisra
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S1102
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Introduction
Gender dysphoria is defined as a multisystemic medical condition in which a person has a marked mismatch between their biological sex and the gender with which they identify.
ObjectivesTo highlight the psychological impact and social repercussions of gender dysphoria and to discuss the different aspects of management aimed at optimising a better quality of life for these patients.
MethodsWe describe the clinical cases of 5 patients followed at the child psychiatry department and the adolescent diagnostic centre of agdal, who were diagnosed with gender dysphoria.
ResultsClinical vignette:
- A.B: 15-year-old patient, followed in our training for a recurrent depressive disorder comorbid with borderline personality and gender dysphoria. This patient is a victim of school bullying altering his psychosocial functioning and generating thoughts of death.
- H.A: 16 year old patient, followed in our training for gender dysphoria comorbid with adrenal hyperplasia, indicating feminization surgery.
- I.D: 17 year old female patient, victim of sexual assault, admitted to our training for suicide attempt. She presents a gender dysphoria, comorbid with a borderline personality.
- C.G: 22 year old patient, followed in our training for gender dysphoria comorbid with a panic disorder. She is a patient describing an anxious experience with dysthymia.
- L.K: 23-year-old patient, followed in our training for gender dysphoria. He is a patient who would have been a victim of verbal and physical aggression generating a post-traumatic stress disorder having had a significant impact on his socio-professional life.
ConclusionsPrimary care physicians need to be aware of gender-related disorders and the importance of early recognition of these emerging disorders. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to manage these disorders.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Comorbidity borderline-narcissistic personality disorder
- K. Douk, I. Belabess, I. Hanine
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S364
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Introduction
borderline personality disorder, which is characterized by major impulsivity and marked instability of emotions, interpersonal relationships and self-image, may be associated with traits such as grandiosity, sense of entitlement, exploitation of others, over-reliance on the admiration of others to regulate self-esteem arrogant and haughty behaviors, exhibitionism and lack of empathy, traits belonging to the narcissistic personality disorder, thus modifying the clinical expression, influencing the occurrence of possible additional comorbidities and complicating both the diagnostic approach, the therapeutic strategy, the possible complications and the prognosis.
Objectivesto shed light on this combination, its characteristics, its manifestations and clinical implications and its therapeutic approaches
MethodsWe have performed a systematic review of litterature using the following keywords on the GoogleScholar and PUBMED database: borderline personality disorder subtypes, borderline personality disorder comorbidities; borderline and narcissic comorbidity; borderline treatment
ResultsThe authors have noted that patients meeting both borderline and narcissistic personality disorder criteria are significantly less likely to be hospitalized in psychiatric facilities and have fewer psychiatric comorbidities than those with borderline personality disorder alone, particularly anxiety disorders.
In contrast to the rarity of psychiatric complications, the authors noted that patients with both borderline and narcissistic personality criteria were more likely to exhibit other pathological personality traits, including schizotypal, histrionic and paranoid.
The authors have noted that patients meeting both borderline and narcissistic personality disorder criteria are significantly less likely to be hospitalized in psychiatric facilities and have fewer psychiatric comorbidities than those with borderline personality disorder alone, particularly anxiety disorders.In contrast to the rarity of psychiatric complications, the authors noted that patients with both borderline and narcissistic personality criteria were more likely to exhibit other pathological personality traits, including schizotypal, histrionic and paranoid.
ConclusionsThe combination of narcissistic personality traits and borderline personality disorder has a significant impact on clinical manifestations, complications and prognosis, which is seen positively with a decrease in psychiatric complications, self-harm and suicide attempts, hence the rarity of hospitalization compared to subjects with borderline personality disorder, thus classifying narcissistic personality traits as a protective factor for subjects with borderline personality disorder.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared