3 results
Effectiveness of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reducing severe symptoms in patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
- T. Gutierrez Higueras, F. Calera Cortés, L. Montes Arjona, S. Vicent Fores, S. Sainz de la Cuesta Alonso, E. D. Servín López
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S306
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Introduction
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been studied in relation to mental illness. Among the most important omega 3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) stand out, both derived from alpha-linolenic acid. Both EPA and DHA are essential fatty acids. Consequently, mammals are not capable of synthesizing them and must incorporate them through the consumption of products such as fish oil. The interest about the role of omega 3 fatty acids for the treatment of patients with impulsiveness, hostility and aggressiveness is growing and originated from the finding of a low level of EPA and DHA in the central nervous system of these individuals.
ObjectivesTo determine the evidence on the effectiveness of omega-3 acids in reducing severe symptoms in patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder.
MethodsA literature review was carried out in Epistemonikos, using the descriptors: “borderline personality disorder” AND “Omega-3”. 7 results are obtained. The results of a time limit of 10 years with meta-analyses and systematic reviews were filtered, obtaining 7 results and selecting 3 of them for their relevance to the PICO question. Subsequently, the search was repeated using the same descriptors and time limit in the Cochrane Library, NICE, and Pubmed; no selection was made by coincidence of those previously selected.
ResultsThe first systematic review studied the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acids in symptomatology associated with BPD, with differentiation of the domains of affective, impulsive and cognitive-perceptual symptoms. Within the meta-analysis, 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included that compared omega-3 fatty acids with placebo or any active comparator, four of these RCTs verified the effect of omega-3 acids in 137 patients with BPD or behavior related to the BPD.
The second systematic review, conducted in the Cochrane Collaboration, performed a meta-analysis of randomized comparisons of drug versus placebo. Twenty-seven trials testing first- and second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and omega-3 fatty acids were included. For supplemental omega-3 fatty acids, significant effects were found in one study (n = 49 ) for reduction in suicidality (RR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.95) and depressive symptoms (RR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.28 to 0, 81).
ConclusionsAvailable data indicate that marine omega-3 fatty acids improve BPD symptoms, particularly impulsive behavioral dyscontrol and affective dysregulation, reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal tendencies. Marine omega-3 fatty acids could be considered as a complementary therapy for the improvement of severe symptoms associated with patients with BPD.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effects of Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) on mental health.
- T. Gutierrez Higueras, A. Jiménez Peinado, B. Hernández Gajate, M. Reyes López, L. Montes Arjona, M. Rodriguez Ruzafa
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S963
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Introduction
The Autonomous Sensory Meridian (ASMR) is a static or tingling sensation on the skin that usually starts on the scalp and runs through the back of the neck and upper spine. It has been compared to tactile auditory synesthesia and may overlap with shivering. It is a subjective experience of “low-grade euphoria”, characterized by “a combination of positive feelings and a static tingling sensation on the skin”. It is most commonly triggered by auditory or visual stimuli, and less commonly by intentional attentional control.
ObjectivesTo determine the effects produced by the perception of ASMR in the population with mental disorders.
MethodsA literature review was carried out in Pubmed using the descriptors: “ASMR” AND “mental”. 7 results are obtained. The results of a time limit of 10 years were filtered, obtaining 6 results and selecting all of them for their relevance to the PICO question. Subsequently, the search was repeated using the same descriptors and time limit in the Cochrane Library and NICE, in which no results were found.
ResultsThe first result, an RCT of 475 people between the ages of 18 and 54, showed that 80% of the participants answered positively when asked if ASMR has an effect on their mood, while 14% were not sure and 6 % felt ASMR did not alter their mood. When subjected to a mixed ANOVA with factors for time (before, during, immediately after, and 3 h after ASMR) and for depression status (high, medium, or low as defined by the BDI), we found a significant main effect. of time in mood. [p<0.0005]
In one of these studies, the default neural network (the one that works when the brain is relaxed) was analyzed in 11 volunteers in whom ASMR caused them to relax, in contrast to 11 individuals in the control group. At the end of the study, the ASMR volunteers generally showed less functional connectivity than the other volunteers. It also showed “increased connectivity between regions of the occipital, frontal, and temporal cortices,” suggesting that ASMR favors the association of those networks that are activated in the resting state.
ConclusionsWith the available evidence it is concluded that ASMR could improve of the affective clinic reflected in the parameters of the Beck depression scale as well as a sense of calm and relaxation and it reduces the heart rate or increases the conductivity of the skin, something that happens when certain emotional states are altered.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cannabidiol (CBD) and Insomnia : Literature review
- T. Gutierrez Higueras, F. Calera Cortés, E.D. Servin López, L. Montes Arjona, S. Sainz De La Cuesta Alonso, S. Vicent Forés
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 65 / Issue S1 / June 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 September 2022, p. S809
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Introduction
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of 113 cannabinoids identified in cannabis plants. Considered as a psycho-inactive component, recently, the Court of Justice of the European Union published a ruling in which it establishes that cannabidiol extracted from the cannabis plant should not be considered a drug under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961. Due to increased publicity on social media of the supposed benefits of this product, in addition to the lack of clear regulations, it is becoming a widely used treatment for sleep disorders.
ObjectivesTo analyse literature for the effect of CBD in sleep disturbances, emphasizing advantages and disadvantages of its use.
MethodsWe carried out a literature review in Pubmed choosing those articles focused on effect of CBD in sleep disturbances.
ResultsThe review of the effect of CBD on sleep cycle suggest that medium to high doses increased REM sleep latency, and medium-low doses decreased REM sleep latency. No evidence of withdrawal syndrome was found with abrupt discontinuation of short-term treatment with CBD.
ConclusionsMost of the literature revised shows that the data was taken by self-questionares to CBD users. Studies suggest that a short use of medium to hight doses of CBD may improve insomnia, however, combined use with THC may result in a decrease in slow wave sleep. Longitudinal research should be done in order to understand the clinical impact of CBD on sleep.
DisclosureNo significant relationships.