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Understanding socio-labor inclusion among young adults with autism spectrum and mental disorders: preliminary findings
- M. S. Burrone, M. J. González, M. T. Solís-Soto, P. Valenzuela, L. Rojas, L. Colantonio, C. Cortés, C. Pérez
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S436-S437
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Introduction
Previous studies suggest that adults with mental disorders (MD) or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are more likely to be unemployed than those without MD. However, it is unclear whether working adults with MD or ASD perceive the same effort-reward balance as their counterparts without MD or ASD.
ObjectivesTo analyze labor conditions and to identify factors associated with effort-reward imbalance among young adults with ASD, MD and those from the general population (GP).
MethodsA qualitative and quantitative study design is being conducted to analyze the rates of employment among young adults with ASD, and to identify factors associated with employment rates (Fondecyt ID11201028.). As part of this study, we conducted a quantitative analysis in young adults 16 to 30 years of age in two regions of Chile between August and October, 2022. Young adults with MD and ASD were compared with adults of similar age recruited from the GP. We applied a questionnaire to collect data on participant’s sociodemographic information, autonomy level and employment status. We applied the short Spanish version of the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) and overcommitment (OC) questionnaire, which has been widely used in Latin American countries.
Chi-square test was used and the Kruskal Wallis H Test was applied to compare among groups. The statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
ResultsOverall, 422 participants were included in the analysis (mean age 22±3.2, 64.2% women, 65.2% students, and 4.4% unemployed). Of the total respondents, 22% of young adults from GP, 17.8% with MD, and 4.8% with ASD were working at the moment of the survey. Regarding autonomy level, a higher proportion of participants with ASD needed support (36.4%), compared with 9.7% and 0.8% of young adults with MD and GP, respectively. Of the population who reported working (n=125), about 56.0% have a permanent job, and 44% a seasonal or occasional job. The median value for the effort–reward ratio was 0.96 (range 0.4–1.8), with no significant differences between the groups. Of those participants working, 44.3% showed an ERI ratio higher than 1, which was higher in participants with ASD (60%). ERI-esteem was significantly different (P=0.01) among ASD (7.0; range 5-8), MD (6.0; range 2-8) and PG (6.0; range 2-8). In the OC questionnaire, young adults with ASD were more likely to think about work (P=0.01) and having trouble sleeping at night due to work issues (P=0.03) than GP and MD groups.
ConclusionsThe ASD group showed higher overcommitment and a considerable proportion of subjects at risk of effort-reward imbalance at work, were more likely to think about work at home, and had trouble sleeping thinking about work. Our preliminary results highlight the importance of considering the working conditions of young adults diagnosed with ASD and the need to provide them with enough support to promote labor inclusion.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Framing the implementation process of a social innovation project for people with severe mental disorders in chile
- M. Solis-Soto, G. Reginatto, R. Alvarado, T. Arratia, M. Burrone
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 64 / Issue S1 / April 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 August 2021, p. S468
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Introduction
There are important challenges for the effective inclusion in society of people with severe mental disorders (SMD). The POTENCIAT intervention supports the formation of work cooperatives for the socio-labour inclusion of people with SMD working together with women in vulnerable situations and older adults.
ObjectivesTo analyse the implementation process of the first phase of POTENCIAT
MethodsAccording to Nilsen, six components were analysed: implementation object, implementation activities, implementation actors, users, inner context and outer context. A qualitative study was performed during the first phase of the project (12-months). Participant observation and in-depth interviews with key actors, users and fieldwork team were conducted, as well as bibliographic analysis of field notes, meeting minutes and audios/videos of socialization activities. Ethical issues were considered.
ResultsThe implementation object was positively valued as a response to perceived needs such as users involvement in a participatory approach. Shared decision-making process was emphasized. Implementation activities were accompanied by local teams and were adapted to participants needs and context characteristics (e.g. social distancing). Most users showed high expectations related to the solidarity economic model as well as physical and economic autonomy, which work as a key factor for commitment and retention in the project. A good working environment was recognized and a space for personal fulfillment. Some barriers were recognized, including cultural stigma, auto-stigma, and recruitment in pandemic context.
ConclusionsEarly and proper addressing of factors that may positively and negatively affect the implementation process is mandatory to achieve the effective inclusion of people with SMD.