6 results
317 – A Survey of Post-schizophrenic Depression and The Impact of Demographic Factors on the Patients in Tabriz
- E. Rezaei Ghalechi, R. Kazemi, M. Yaghoubi
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, 28-E12
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Introduction:
Schizophrenia is one of the important diseases of mental illnesses.
Objectives:Determining the impact of demographic factors on the depression intensity and the type of schizophrenia on the depression intensity is important in this research.
Aim:Our goals are determining the rate of post-schizophrenic incident in hospitalized patients.
Methods:The present study is an analytical prospective one. We selected 187 patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia and completed the demographic questionnaire and Beck depression test and analyzed the data using the statistical software SPSS and the descriptive statistics (frequency-percent) and the deductive statistics (Chi square-variance analysis). P value< 0.05 is assumed meaningful.
Results:The average age of the patients was 38.3+10.1and %46.6 of them suffered from depression, among whom %50 of the females %71.8 of the males suffered from depressio. Considering P=0.162. The relation between the patient's age and the depression intensity was P=0.07, marital status was P=0.09,the different levels of education was P=0.3,the residence was P=0.5,and the previous record of depression was P=0.5. Tthere was a previous record of depression with P= 0.002 and the relation of schizophrenia among the nearest relatives was P=0.7 the record of depression in the nearest relatives was P=0.4 the age was P=0.065 hospitalization with P=0.42 and suicide with P=0.18 also the relation between the schizophrenia type with the depression intensity was P= 0.346.
Conclusion:Our study showed that just the relation between the patient's age and the depression intensity, a previous record of depression patients and suicide whose relations with depression intensity were meaningful.
446 – Prevalence of Anxiety Disorder Among Cardiovascular Patients in Ilam Province, Western Iran
- H. Peyman, M. Yaghoubi, M. Zarei, F. Dastgerdian
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, 28-E66
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Introduction:
Anxiety-related disorders have frequently been considered as potential risk factors for developing and/or worsening cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of panic attack and depression as anxiety-related disorders are reported to be 10% and 15% respectively among cardiovascular patients.
Objectives:To evaluate anxiety among cardiovascular patients.
Aims:This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors among cardiovascular patients.
Method:It was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which anxiety-related disorders were investigated among 60 cardiovascular patients hospitalized at the Shaheed Mostafa Hospital in Ilam in 2009. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used for data gathering. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-17 software.
Results:Mean age±standard deviation was 62.6 ± 3.1years. The prevalence of anxiety was estimated to be 20%. Majority of the patients were female (63.3%) and more than three quarters (77%) were illiterate. Almost two-thirds (67%) reported unemployment without any source of income. One in every four samples was smoker and half of them reported having a family problem at home. History of heart attack, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hospital admission were 33.7%, 56.7%, 40.0% and 63.3% respectively. There was a significant association between anxiety-raised of suffering from a mental crisis due to loss or sickness of family members/ close friends and increased rate of cardiovascular disorders (p< 0.05).
Conclusions:The rate of anxiety-related disorders in Ilam was significantly higher compared to the national reports across the country which needs more attention by health workers. Psychological consultations, behavioral-conceptual therapies and regular exercises are recommended.
526 – Prevalence of Depression among Health Care's of Intensive Care Units
- J. Khajavikhan, H. Peyman, M. Yaghoubi, M. Zarei, M. Yaghoubi
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, 28-E117
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Introduction:
Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disease that affects 15% of men and 25% of women in general population. It is reported that depression has higher tolls between the staff of the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and Operation Rooms (ORs) due to their occupational circumstances.
Objectives:To evaluate the status of depression among health care's of intensive care units
Aims:The present study examines the prevalence of depression in the staff members of ICUs and ORs in the Ilam province of Iran.
Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 48 random staff members from hospitals’ ICUs and ORs in Ilam province (western Iran) were evaluated. The data was collected using the standard Beck questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software (ver. 17.0).
Results:The mean age of samples was 31.86 with standard deviation of 7.95. More than half (52.1%) of participant's study were male. 50% of the them were married, 10.4% smoking, and 29.2% exercising regularly. The mean Depression score in the study was 33.6 with the standard deviation of 8.0. According to beck questionnaire, 66.7% of participants show signs of major depression. Prevalence of depression was higher in women, married, smoker, and those that having sedentary lifestyle. However, this difference was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusions:The prevalence of depression among participants study is significantly higher than the general population. We expect that decreasing the agreed total number of work hours, providing educational resources to improve their lifestyle, as well as holding consulting therapy groups in the hospitals are recommended.
Description of a new species of the genus Anguillonema Fuchs, 1938 (Nematoda: Sphaerularioidea) with an identification key to the species
- A. Yaghoubi, E. Pourjam, M. Pedram
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- Journal:
- Journal of Helminthology / Volume 93 / Issue 4 / July 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 June 2018, pp. 504-512
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Anguillonema iranicum n. sp. is described and illustrated as the second species of this genus from Iran, based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characteristics. It is identified by a short, thin body, a continuous lip region, six lines on the lateral field, a short, thin stylet, a posteriorly located pharyngo-intestinal junction to excretory pore, the presence of a post-vulval uterine sac, vulval position at 89% (87.4–89.9%) of body length, an elongate conoid tail with a rounded to pointed tip and not dorsally bent, and common functional males with short spicules and lacking a bursa. Morphological differences between the new species and the three known species of the genus, namely A. amolensis, A. crenati and A. poligraphi, are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies of the new species using partial 18S rDNA sequence revealed that it formed a sister clade with three species of Howardula, one species of Anguillonema and one unidentified isolate. In phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3 segment, the new species formed a clade with two isolates of Parasitylenchus. A key to identification of Anguillonema species is also presented.
13 - Reporter Genes
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- By Amer M. Najjar, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, Laura J. Fromme, CellSight Technologies, San Francisco, CA, Shahriar Yaghoubi, CellSight Technologies, San Francisco, CA
- Edited by Hossein Jadvar, Heather Jacene, Michael Graham
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- Book:
- Molecular Imaging
- Published online:
- 22 November 2017
- Print publication:
- 16 November 2017, pp 55-64
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Summary
Introduction
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive clinical imaging modality that can be combined with reporter gene expression to enable the specific and repetitive detection of a variety of cellular processes. These cellular processes include transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, protein-protein interactions, and cell trafficking and engraftment. The ability to detect these processes with PET reporter gene/probe systems also enables non-invasive monitoring of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutics and their efficacy in vivo.
The concept of reporter gene imaging emerged from systems designed to image intrinsic enzymatic and metabolic processes and targets leading to the development of the reporter/radiotracer concept. The premise of reporter gene-based expression is based on the irreversible binding or entrapment and accumulation of reporter probes (radiotracers). These reporter probes are labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides. Accumulation of the probes in or at target cells is mediated by the catalytic activity of the reporter gene products (enzymes), their binding affinity to the reporter proteins or transport through reporter proteins. This reporter gene-mediated binding, accumulation, and retention of positron-emitting reporter probes in target cells enables repetitive spatial-temporal dynamic imaging of molecular and cellular events by PET.
Reporter-based imaging requires the transfer and expression of a reporter gene into target cells by transfection, electroporation, or transduction. These reporter genes are encoded within expression cassettes which initiate and control their expression. These control elements fall into two general categories: constitutive and conditional. Constitutively expressed reporters are used to “label” cells ex vivo for studies that require monitoring of trafficking and distribution patterns of the infused cells. The utility of this method has been most routinely illustrated in adoptive immunotherapy applications where T cells are labeled to determine their trafficking, biodistribution, and targeting patterns. It is also used in stem cell therapy applications to determine the long-term viability and therapeutic efficacy of infused stem cells.
Reporter gene expression driven by conditional tissue-specific promoters provides functional information about the target cells. Conditional promoters, for example, can provide information about the functional status of T cells related to their activation and proliferation and telomerase activity in tumor cells. PET reporters fall into three basic categories: enzyme-, receptor-, and transporter-based systems (Figure 13.1).
Intragap States Induced Visible Light Absorption of TiO2 Nanoparticles: En Route to Solar Fuel Production
- Houman Yaghoubi, Thomas M. Casey, Umar T Twahir, Alexander Angerhofer, Gail E. Fanucci, Zhi Li, Rudy Schlaf, Arash Takshi
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1784 / 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 July 2015, mrss15-2132596
- Print publication:
- 2015
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Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas that is a bi-product of industrial approaches to energy production. Forests and nonagricultural lands act as a natural sink for CO2 removal from the atmosphere; however, the amount of emitted CO2 is significantly larger than the capacity of these natural sinks. This is particularly problematic as two cornerstones of our modern world, electricity generation and transportation, hold the largest share in greenhouse gas (such as CO2) emission. This leads to malignant impacts on the natural environment and human life, such as global warming. The obvious approach to reduce the amount of generated CO2 is to limit the use of fossil fuels. However, coal-fired power plants remain the largest source of electricity generation in 2014 and an equally potent and financially reasonable source is yet to be fully developed. Hence, new systems and strategies are crucial for the remediation of CO2. In this work, we present novel TiO2 nanoparticles, synthesized via a facile solution-phase method, which show a significant visible light absorption. The synthesized nanoparticles can be applied towards photoreduction of CO2 for hydrocarbon solar fuels production. A thorough photoemission spectroscopy analysis outlined the energy structure of the materials which uncovered a sub-bandgap absorption in the visible range due to the presence of intragap states. The origins of intragap states were investigated in greater detail using various characterization techniques. An in-depth chemical composition study of the developed material using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the synthesized material is considerably un-doped. Further structural analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that distances between visible lattice fringes are matched with ordered crystalline phases of TiO2. The core emission study using XPS revealed that the oxygen vacancy defects in the structure--i.e. likely due the synthesis--are responsible for intragap states formation. Charge dynamics were investigated using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. EPR spectra were dominated by signals from oxygen-centered surface hole trapping sites with principle g values [2.003, 2.010, 2.023]--i.e. Ti4+ ˗ O2- on anatase. A faint signal was also observed as a function of visible light illumination at 5 K with principle g value of 1.975 that is suggestive of Ti3+ in rutile, a typical product of UV light exposure. In general, this study demonstrates the potential of a relatively inexpensive material for photoreduction of CO2 and generation of solar fuels.