5 results
Contributors
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- By Lenard A. Adler, Pinky Agarwal, Rehan Ahmed, Jagga Rao Alluri, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Samuel Alperin, Michael Amoashiy, Michael Andary, David J. Anschel, Padmaja Aradhya, Vandana Aspen, Esther Baldinger, Jee Bang, George D. Baquis, John J. Barry, Jason J. S. Barton, Julius Bazan, Amanda R. Bedford, Marlene Behrmann, Lourdes Bello-Espinosa, Ajay Berdia, Alan R. Berger, Mark Beyer, Don C. Bienfang, Kevin M. Biglan, Thomas M. Boes, Paul W. Brazis, Jonathan L. Brisman, Jeffrey A. Brown, Scott E. Brown, Ryan R. Byrne, Rina Caprarella, Casey A. Chamberlain, Wan-Tsu W. Chang, Grace M. Charles, Jasvinder Chawla, David Clark, Todd J. Cohen, Joe Colombo, Howard Crystal, Vladimir Dadashev, Sarita B. Dave, Jean Robert Desrouleaux, Richard L. Doty, Robert Duarte, Jeffrey S. Durmer, Christyn M. Edmundson, Eric R. Eggenberger, Steven Ender, Noam Epstein, Alberto J. Espay, Alan B. Ettinger, Niloofar (Nelly) Faghani, Amtul Farheen, Edward Firouztale, Rod Foroozan, Anne L. Foundas, David Elliot Friedman, Deborah I. Friedman, Steven J. Frucht, Oded Gerber, Tal Gilboa, Martin Gizzi, Teneille G. Gofton, Louis J. Goodrich, Malcolm H. Gottesman, Varda Gross-Tsur, Deepak Grover, David A. Gudis, John J. Halperin, Maxim D. Hammer, Andrew R. Harrison, L. Anne Hayman, Galen V. Henderson, Steven Herskovitz, Caitlin Hoffman, Laryssa A. Huryn, Andres M. Kanner, Gary P. Kaplan, Bashar Katirji, Kenneth R. Kaufman, Annie Killoran, Nina Kirz, Gad E. Klein, Danielle G. Koby, Christopher P. Kogut, W. Curt LaFrance, Patrick J.M. Lavin, Susan W. Law, James L. Levenson, Richard B. Lipton, Glenn Lopate, Daniel J. Luciano, Reema Maindiratta, Robert M. Mallery, Georgios Manousakis, Alan Mazurek, Luis J. Mejico, Dragana Micic, Ali Mokhtarzadeh, Walter J. Molofsky, Heather E. Moss, Mark L. Moster, Manpreet Multani, Siddhartha Nadkarni, George C. Newman, Rolla Nuoman, Paul A. Nyquist, Gaia Donata Oggioni, Odi Oguh, Denis Ostrovskiy, Kristina Y. Pao, Juwen Park, Anastas F. Pass, Victoria S. Pelak, Jeffrey Peterson, John Pile-Spellman, Misha L. Pless, Gregory M. Pontone, Aparna M. Prabhu, Michael T. Pulley, Philip Ragone, Prajwal Rajappa, Venkat Ramani, Sindhu Ramchandren, Ritesh A. Ramdhani, Ramses Ribot, Heidi D. Riney, Diana Rojas-Soto, Michael Ronthal, Daniel M. Rosenbaum, David B. Rosenfield, Durga Roy, Michael J. Ruckenstein, Max C. Rudansky, Eva Sahay, Friedhelm Sandbrink, Jade S. Schiffman, Angela Scicutella, Maroun T. Semaan, Robert C. Sergott, Aashit K. Shah, David M. Shaw, Amit M. Shelat, Claire A. Sheldon, Anant M. Shenoy, Yelizaveta Sher, Jessica A. Shields, Tanya Simuni, Rajpaul Singh, Eric E. Smouha, David Solomon, Mehri Songhorian, Steven A. Sparr, Egilius L. H. Spierings, Eve G. Spratt, Beth Stein, S.H. Subramony, Rosa Ana Tang, Cara Tannenbaum, Hakan Tekeli, Amanda J. Thompson, Michael J. Thorpy, Matthew J. Thurtell, Pedro J. Torrico, Ira M. Turner, Scott Uretsky, Ruth H. Walker, Deborah M. Weisbrot, Michael A. Williams, Jacques Winter, Randall J. Wright, Jay Elliot Yasen, Shicong Ye, G. Bryan Young, Huiying Yu, Ryan J. Zehnder
- Edited by Alan B. Ettinger, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Deborah M. Weisbrot, State University of New York, Stony Brook
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- Book:
- Neurologic Differential Diagnosis
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 17 April 2014, pp xi-xx
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Contributors
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- By Shyamkrishna Balganesh, Dan L. Burk, Eric R. Claeys, Thomas F. Cotter, Hanoch Dagan, Richard A. Epstein, Jeanne C. Fromer, Wendy J. Gordon, Paul J. Heald, Steven Hetcher, David Lametti, Mark A. Lemley, Margaret H. Lemos, Mark P. McKenna, Peter S. Menell, Gideon Parchomovsky, Lee Petherbridge, Michael Risch, Jennifer E. Rothman, Emily Sherwin, Henry E. Smith, Madhavi Sunder, Molly Shaffer Van Houweling, R. Polk Wagner, Christopher S. Yoo
- Edited by Shyamkrishna Balganesh, University of Pennsylvania Law School
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- Book:
- Intellectual Property and the Common Law
- Published online:
- 05 September 2013
- Print publication:
- 02 September 2013, pp ix-x
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Rogues' Gallery of Contributing Authors
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- By Ramon Abola, Rishimani Adsumelli, Syed Azim, Tazeen Beg, Helene Benveniste, Louis Chun, Ramtin Cohanim, Dominick Coleman, Joseph Conrad, Tommy Corrado, Jason Daras, Michelle DiGuglielmo, Vedan Djesevic, Andrew Drollinger, Kathleen Dubrow, Brian Durkin, Ralph Epstein, Christopher J. Gallagher, Xiaojun Guo, Sofie Hussain, Ron Jasiewicz, Anna Kogan, Ursula Landman, Rany Makaryus, Daryn Moller, Tate Montgomery, Matthew Neal, Khoa Nguyen, Marco Palmieri, Shaji Poovathor, Eric Posner, Deborah Richman, Andrew Rozbruch, Misako Sakamaki, Joy Schabel, Bharathi Scott, Peggy Seidman, Shiena Sharma, Vishal Sharma, Ellen Steinberg, Neera Tewari, Jane Yi, Jonida Zeqo, Peter Chung, John Denny, Steven H. Ginsberg, Jeremy Grayson, Jonathan Kraidin, Stephen Lemke, Tejal Patel, Salvatore Zisa, Charles Cowles, Marc Rozner, Shawn Banks, Deborah Brauer, Lebron Cooper, V. Samepathi David, Steve Gayer, Steven Gil, Eric A. Harris, Murlikrishna Kannan, Michael C. Lewis, David A. Lindley, Carlos M. Mijares, Sana Nini, Shafeena Nurani, Sujatha Pentakota, Edgar Pierre, Amy Klash Pulido, Michael Rossi, Miguel Santos, Nancy Setzer-Saade, Adam Sewell, Omair H. Toor, Ashish Udeshi, Patricia Wawroski, Lauren C. Berkow, Dan Berkowitz, Ramola Bhambhani, Kerry K. Blaha, Veronica Busso, Adam J. Carinci, Paul J. Christo, R. Blaine Easley, Ralph J. Fuchs, Samuel M. Galvagno, Nishant Gandhi, Andrew Goins, Robert S. Greenberg, Sayeh Hamzehzadeh, Theresa L. Hartsell, Eugenie Heitmiller, Jeremy M. Huff, Brijen L. Joshi, Sapna Kudchadkar, Jennifer K. Lee, Ira Lehrer, Peter Lin, Justin Lockman, Christine L. Mai, Christina Miller, Nanhi Mitter, Gillian Newman, Daniel Nyhan, Lale Odekon, Rabi Panigrahi, Melissa Pant, Alexander Papangelou, Mark Rossberg, Adam Schiavi, Steven J. Schwartz, Deborah A. Schwengel, Brandon M. Togioka, Tina Tran, Emmett Whitaker, Bradford D. Winters, Christopher Wu, Elena J. Holak, Paul S. Pagel
- Edited by Christopher J. Gallagher, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Michael C. Lewis, University of Miami School of Medicine, Deborah A. Schwengel
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- Book:
- Core Clinical Competencies in Anesthesiology
- Published online:
- 06 July 2010
- Print publication:
- 12 April 2010, pp xi-xii
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7 - Detecting the infectious disease consequences of climate change and extreme weather events
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- By Paul R. Epstein, Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Edited by P. Martens, Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands, A. J. McMichael, Australian National University, Canberra
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- Book:
- Environmental Change, Climate and Health
- Published online:
- 28 July 2009
- Print publication:
- 22 August 2002, pp 172-196
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Summary
Introduction
According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 1996) 30 infectious diseases new to medicine emerged between 1976 and 1996. Included are HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Lyme disease, Legionnaires' disease, toxic Escherichia coli, a new hantavirus, a new strain of cholera and a rash of rapidly evolving antibiotic-resistant organisms. In addition, there has been a resurgence and redistribution of several old diseases on a global scale; for example, malaria and dengue (“breakbone”) fever carried by (vectored by) mosquitoes. The factors influencing this lability of infectious diseases are many and varied. They include urbanization, increased human mobility, long-distance trade, changing land-use patterns, drug abuse and sexual behaviours, the rise of antibiotic resistance, the decline of public health infrastructure in many countries, and a quarter century of predominantly anthropogenic climate change. This complex mix of potential influences means, of course, that the scientific task of attributing causation is difficult. This chapter discusses the types of evidence relevant to the detection of changes in infectious disease occurrence in response to climatic variations and trends.
Arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks are extremely sensitive to climate. Throughout the past century public health researchers have understood that climate circumscribes the distribution of mosquito-borne diseases, while weather affects the timing and intensity of outbreaks (Gill, 1920, 1921; Dobson& Carper, 1993). Paleoclimatic data (Elias, 1994) demonstrate that geographical shifts of beetles have been closely associated with changes in climate.
6 - Climate and ENSO Variability Associated with Vector-Borne Diseases in Colombia
- from SECTION A - Global and Regional Characteristics and Impacts of ENSO Variability
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- By Germán Poveda, Postgrado en Recursos Hidráulicos, Universidad National de Colombia, Facultadde Minas. Carrera 80 Calle 65, Bloque M2-300 Medellín, Colombia, Nicholas E. Graham, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California, U.S.A., Paul R. Epstein, Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A., William Rojas, Corporatión para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Carrera 72 A No. 78 B 141, Medellím, Colombia, Martha L. Quiñones, Iván Darío Vélez, Programa de Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 No. 52–19, Medellím, Colombia, Willem J.M. Martens, International Centre for Integrative Studies, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Edited by Henry F. Diaz, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Vera Markgraf, University of Colorado, Boulder
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- Book:
- El Niño and the Southern Oscillation
- Published online:
- 04 August 2010
- Print publication:
- 09 November 2000, pp 183-204
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Summary
Abstract
Climatic factors are associated with the incidence of diverse vector-borne diseases (VBDs). Colombia, located in tropical South America, witnesses high precipitation rates and temperatures, varying with elevation over the Andes. We show how temperatures are linked to malaria incidence throughout the country, and we compare those results with those obtained via simple mathematical expressions that represent indices associated with malaria transmission as a function of temperature. Interannual climatic variability in tropical South America is strongly associated with El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Most of the region, including Colombia, experiences prolonged dry periods and above normal air temperatures during El Niño, and generally opposite conditions during La Niña. Through correlation analysis, we show that during El Niño events there are outbreaks of malaria and dengue fever in Colombia. These outbreaks could be explained in terms of a decrease in precipitation and an increase in air temperature, which favor the ecological, biological, and entomological components of these diseases.
We illustrate the ability to predict malaria cases in Colombia by using an epidemiological model based on the concept of vectorial capacity (see Martens et al. 1997). This transmission potential model is driven with surface air temperatures derived from an atmospheric general circulation model (ECHAM3 model, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology) with a spatial resolution of about 300 km. The malarial model produces peaks in Plasmodium vivax vectorial capacity during El Niño years and an upward trend with time, in agreement with the Colombian malarial historical record.