3 results
Educational level influenced the gold standard diagnosis of late-life depression in the GreatAGE study
- M. Lozupone, F. Veneziani, L. Lofano, I. Galizia, E. Stella, M. Copetti, S. Arcuti, A. Leo, R. Sardone, A. Grasso, M. Tursi, M.R. Barulli, R. Tortelli, R. Capozzo, F. Panza, D. Seripa, C. Bonfiglio, A.R. Osella, G. Logroscino
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 41 / Issue S1 / April 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, p. S173
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Introduction
The validity of the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) in detecting late-life depression (LLD) requires a certain level of cognitive functioning. Further research is needed in population-based setting on other socio-demographic and cognitive variables that could potentially influence the accuracy of clinician rated depression.
ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of two instruments used to assess depressive disorders [(GDS-30) and the Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID)] among three groups with different levels of cognitive functioning (normal, Mild Cognitive Impairment – MCI, Subjective Memory Complain – SMC) in a random sampling of the general population 65+ years.
MethodsThe sample, collected in a population-based study (GreatAGE Study) among the older residents of Castellana Grotte, South-East Italy, included 844 subjects (54.50% males). A standardized neuropsychological battery was used to assess MCI, SMC and depressive symptoms (GDS-30). Depressive syndromes were diagnosed through the SCID IV-TR. Socio-demographic and cognitive variables were taken into account in influencing SCID performance.
ResultsAccording to the SCID, the rate of depressive disorders was 12.56%. At the optimal cut-off score (≥ 4), GDS-30 had 65.1% sensitivity and 68.4% specificity in diagnosing depressive symptoms. Using a more conservative cut-off (≥ 10), the GDS-30 specificity reached 91.1% while sensitivity dropped to 37,7%. The three cognitive subgroups did not differ in the rate of depression diagnosis. Educational level is the only variable associated to the SCID diagnostic performance (P = 0.015).
ConclusionsAt the optimal cut-off, GDS-30 identified lower levels of screening accuracy for subjects with normal cognition rather than for SMC (AUC 0.792 vs. 0.692); educational attainment possibly may modulate diagnostic clinician performance.
Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Results of a smoking cessation program in primary care
- H. de la Red Gallego, Y. González Silva, T. Montero Carretero, Á. Delgado de Paz, M.F. Sánchez Añorga, E. Cañibano Maroto, G. Isidro García, A. Álvarez Astorga, A. Alonso Sánchez, M. Martín Fernández, A. Álvarez Hodel, I. Pérez González, S. Nieto Sánchez, S. Calvo Sardón, I. González Gurdiel, R. Hernández Antón, S. Gómez Sánchez, C. Noval Canga, M.S. Hernández García, L. Rodríguez Andrés
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 33 / Issue S1 / March 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, pp. S297-S298
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Introduction
Smoking is an addictive and chronic disease. Twenty-four percent of the Spanish population in 2012 smoked daily.
Aims and objectivesTo evaluate a smoking cessation program in a Primary Care Center.
MethodsObservational, prospective study. We describe an individualized smoking cessation in Plaza del Ejército Health Center (Valladolid). Inclusion criteria: active smoker, ≥ 18 years old and belonging to the Health Center. Exclusion: severe mental illness. Included patients from November 2013 until January2014. Ended in July 2014. Four Medical residents participated, we present the results of one of them. During the first consultation motivational interviewing was conducted, physical examination and treatment was prescribed (cognitive behavioral therapy or drug treatment: varenicline). In subsequent consultations interview and follow-up. Variables: age, gender, pack-years, nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom) and Prochaska and DiClemente phase, weight, treatment used, dropout rate and final withdrawal of snuff.
ResultsEleven patients, mean age 48.18 (13.61), 7 (63.6) women. Comorbidity: 6 (54.5) anxious-depressive pathology, 1 (9.1) dysthymia, 2 (18.2) endocrine pathology and 1 (9.1) respiratory disease. Four (36.4) showed high dependency and 2 (18.2) extreme. Media packages 20.50/year (19,20). Seven (63.6) were in action phase of Prochaska and DiClemente and 2 (18.2) in preparation. Visits range: 1-11. The average was 4.55 (3.64). Three (27.27) patients attended only the first visit. Four (36.4) achieved complete abstinence, 3 (27.27) met maintenance phase. One (9.1) reduced consumption in half. Patients gained average 0.5 kg (2.47).
ConclusionsThe results are similar to those reported in other series. Modest dropout rate. No pharmacological treatment was used due to high coexistence of comorbidities, the only patient who used varenicline suffered insomnia. Average age and media packages were superior to other series.
Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Swallowing Disturbances and Psychiatric Profile in Older Adults: The GreatAGE Study
- M. Lozupone, A. Leo, R. Sardone, F. Veneziani, C. Bonfiglio, I. Galizia, L. Lofano, A. Grasso, M. Tursi, M.R. Barulli, R. Capozzo, R. Tortelli, F. Panza, D. Seripa, A.R. Osella, G. Logroscino
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 41 / Issue S1 / April 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, p. S173
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Introduction
Several studies have reported controversial links between swallowing disturbances (SD) and psychiatric disorders in older age. The available data on the epidemiology of SD in the general population are scarce and often conflicting, because of numerous methodological factors source of possible counfounders.
ObjectivesWe aimed to screen the presence of psychiatric and cognitive disorders associated with SD in a random sampling of the general population ≥ 65.
MethodsA sample of 1127 elderly individuals collected in a population-based study (GreatAGE) in Castellana Grotte (53,50% males, mean age 74.1 ± 6.3 years), South-East Italy, were mailed a validated self-report questionnaire to assess SD (Eating Assessment Tool-EAT10). Psychiatric disorders and symptoms [assessed with Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (GDS-30) and Symptom Checklist Revised-90 (SCL-90R)], cognitive functions were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, neurological exam, and demographics were compared in participants with and without SD using t-tests and Mann–Whitney U-test.
ResultsThe prevalence rates of SD amounted at 5.97%. Psychiatric diagnosis (24.22% of the sample) was statistically significant associated with SD (EAT ≥ 3, P = 0.038), and a trend was found for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Among SCL-90R domains, only anxiety showed a significant association with EAT ≥ 3 (P = 0.006). GDS-30 score was found to be higher in subjects with SD (P = 0.008). Cognitive functions did not differ between the two groups except for an increasing trend for Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in EAT ≥ 3 (P = 0.058).
ConclusionsThese preliminary results showed an association between SD in older age and late-life major depression and anxiety disorders.
Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.