The consequences of congenital brain disorders for adult cognitive
function are poorly understood. We studied different forms of memory in 29
young adults with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM), a common and
severely disabling neural tube defect. Nondeclarative and semantic memory
functions were intact. Working memory was intact with low maintenance and
manipulation requirements, but impaired on tasks demanding high
information maintenance or manipulation load. Prospective memory for
intentions to be executed in the future was impaired. Immediate and
delayed episodic memory were poor. Memory deficits were exacerbated by an
increased number of lifetime shunt revisions, a marker for unstable
hydrocephalus. Memory status was positively correlated with functional
independence, an important component of quality of life. (JINS,
2007, 13, 312–323.)