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4191 The Role of Suggestibility and Trait Anxiety in Young Adult Alcohol Use
- Alexandra Cowand, Melanie Schwandt, Alyssa Schneider, Jodi M. Gilman, Nancy Diazgranados, Vijay A. Ramchandani, Bethany L. Stangl
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 4 / Issue s1 / June 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 July 2020, p. 149
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The purpose of this study was to investigate how suggestibility and social susceptibility relate to alcohol use in young adult non-dependent alcohol users, and the role of trait anxiety in this relationship. We hypothesized that greater trait anxiety would be associated with higher levels of alcohol misuse, and this would be mediated by suggestibility. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study participants enrolled in the NIAAA screening and assessment protocol completed questionnaires on suggestibility, anxiety, and alcohol use. The Multidimensional Iowa Suggestibility Scale (MISS) is a 95-question self-report assessment of suggestibility. Trait anxiety is assessed with the State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T). Alcohol measures included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV or DSM-5 disorders were conducted, and non-dependent participants (N = 113) were considered. A median split was conducted (median age = 35.1 years), with the focus of this study on the younger individuals (N = 55). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Initial analyses showed that suggestibility, alcohol misuse, and trait anxiety all had significant positive correlations with one another. To better understand the relationship of peer influence, specifically, with drinking and anxiety, MISS subscale of Peer Conformity was analyzed. MISS total score and Peer Conformity were positively correlated with AUDIT Total as well as STAI-T Score. STAI-T Score was additionally positively correlated with AUDIT Total (all p2 = 0.222). We also looked at Peer Conformity in place of MISS Total (R2 = 0.213). In both models, only suggestibility measures were significant predictors of harmful alcohol use (p<0.01). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In young social drinkers, there were significant positive associations between suggestibility, risky alcohol use, and trait anxiety. These results suggest that suggestibility may be a modifiable risk factor for risky alcohol consumption. Future directions include using mediation models to explore the associations between suggestibility, anxiety, and alcohol misuse.
3289 The Role of Suggestibility in Alcohol Use and Misuse
- Alexandra Cowand, Bethany L. Stangl, Melanie L. Schwandt, Alyssa Schneider, Jodi M. Gilman, Nancy Diazgranados, Vijay A. Ramchandani
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 3 / Issue s1 / March 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 March 2019, p. 156
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Suggestibility, defined as the inclination to accept and internalize messages, has not been assessed much in relation to alcohol use. Prior research has shown that suggestibility to social cues and peer influence may play a role in driving alcohol consumption. Our previous work has shown associations between suggestibility and alcohol consumption in social drinkers. This study aims to examine how suggestibility and social susceptibility are related to ideas alcohol consumption and consequences across the spectrum of alcohol use and misuse. We hypothesize that those with higher suggestibility and social susceptibility reports will also have higher alcohol consumption and consequences, and that the impact of susceptibility is lower in dependent compared to non-dependent drinkers. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study participants enrolled in the NIAAA screening and assessment protocol (N=157) completed questionnaires on suggestibility and alcohol consumption, The Multidimensional Iowa Suggestibility Scale (MISS) is a 95-question self-report assessment of suggestibility which draws from subcategories of consumer suggestibility, perceivability, physiological suggestibility, physiological reactivity, and peer conformity. Alcohol measures included 90-day Timeline Followback interviews and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Participants also underwent the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV or DSM-5 disorders, and were stratified into two groups: alcohol dependent (N = 86) and non-dependent (N=71). Median split by age was additionally used to explore age’s relationship with suggestibility and alcohol with the under 36 (N = 45) and over 36 (N = 26) non-dependent groups. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Initial analyses showed marked differences between the dependent and non-dependent groups in the relationship between the MISS total score and AUDIT total score. The non-dependent group showed significant positive correlations between MISS and AUDIT scores (r = 0.460, p < 0.001), while the dependent group did not show any correlation between MISS and AUDIT scores. Further examination of these relationships in the nondependent group revealed that MISS scores were also significantly positively correlated with AUDIT subscores of consumption, harm, and dependence. Age was found to have a significant negative correlation with MISS score (r = −0.354, p < 0.01). To better understand the role of age, the sample was split based on the median age (36 yrs), and analyzed separately. Results indicated robust relationships between MISS score and AUDIT (r = 0.457, p < 0.01) in the younger age group. In addition, the younger age group also showed significant relationships between MISS score and 90-day TLFB measures of total drinks, days drinking, and heavy drinking days. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In non-dependent individuals, there was a significant positive relationship between suggestibility and alcohol measures, and these effects were amplified in younger individuals. No relationship was found between suggestibility and alcohol measures in the alcohol dependent individuals. This may be related to a greater impact of social and external contextual cues in younger social drinkers compared to dependent drinkers where tolerance and craving may have greater impact on alcohol consumption. These findings have important implications for traits that may put individuals at risk for developing harmful patterns of alcohol use and misuse. Future analyses will aim to examine biobehavioral underpinnings of the relationship between suggestibility and alcohol consumption.
Allocation of attention to scenes of peer harassment: Visual–cognitive moderators of the link between peer victimization and aggression
- Wendy Troop-Gordon, Robert D. Gordon, Bethany M. Schwandt, Gregor A. Horvath, Elizabeth Ewing Lee, Kari J. Visconti
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- Journal:
- Development and Psychopathology / Volume 31 / Issue 2 / May 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 March 2018, pp. 525-540
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As approximately one-third of peer-victimized children evidence heightened aggression (Schwartz, Proctor, & Chien, 2001), it is imperative to identify the circumstances under which victimization and aggression co-develop. The current study explored two potential moderators of victimization–aggression linkages: (a) attentional bias toward cues signaling threat and (b) attentional bais toward cues communicating interpersonal support. Seventy-two fifth- and sixth-grade children (34 boys; Mage = 11.67) were eye tracked while watching video clips of bullying. Each scene included a bully, a victim, a reinforcer, and a defender. Children's victimization was measured using peer, parent, and teacher reports. Aggression was measured using peer reports of overt and relational aggression and teacher reports of aggression. Victimization was associated with greater aggression at high levels of attention to the bully. Victimization was also associated with greater aggression at low attention to the defender for boys, but at high attention to the defender for girls. Attention to the victim was negatively correlated with aggression regardless of victimization history. Thus, attentional biases to social cues integral to the bullying context differentiate whether victimization is linked to aggression, necessitating future research on the development of these biases and concurrent trajectories of sociobehavioral development.