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How may a shift towards a more sustainable food consumption pattern affect nutrient intakes of Dutch children?
- Elisabeth HM Temme, Helena ME Bakker, S Marije Seves, Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman, Arnold L Dekkers, Joop MA van Raaij, Marga C Ocké
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- Journal:
- Public Health Nutrition / Volume 18 / Issue 13 / September 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 September 2015, pp. 2468-2478
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- Article
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Objective
Food has a considerable environmental impact. Diets with less meat and dairy reduce environmental impact but may pose nutritional challenges for children. The current modelling study investigates the impact of diets with less or no meat and dairy products on nutrient intakes.
DesignEnergy and nutrient intakes were assessed for observed consumption patterns (reference) and two replacement scenarios with data from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey – Young Children (2005–2006). In the replacement scenarios, 30 % or 100 % of the consumed dairy and meat (in grams) was replaced by plant-derived foods with similar use.
SettingThe Netherlands.
SubjectsChildren (n 1279) aged 2–6 years.
ResultsPartial and full replacement of meat and dairy foods by plant-derived foods reduced SFA intake by 9 % and 26 %, respectively, while fibre intake was 8 % and 29 % higher. With partial replacement, micronutrient intakes were similar, except for lower vitamin B12 intake. After full meat and dairy replacement, mean intakes of Ca, Zn and thiamin decreased by 5–13 %, and vitamin B12 intake by 49 %, while total intake of Fe was higher but of lower bioavailability. With full replacement, the proportion of girls aged 4–6 years with intakes below recommendations was 15 % for thiamin, 10 % for vitamin B12 and 6 % for Zn.
ConclusionsPartial replacement of meat and dairy by plant-derived foods is beneficial for children’s health by lowering SFA intake, increasing fibre content and maintaining similar micronutrient intakes. When full replacements are made, attention is recommended to ensure adequate thiamin, vitamin B12 and Zn intakes.
Contributors
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- By Tod C. Aeby, Melanie D. Altizer, Ronan A. Bakker, Meghann E. Batten, Anita K. Blanchard, Brian Bond, Megan A. Brady, Saweda A. Bright, Ellen L. Brock, Amy Brown, Ashley Carroll, Jori S. Carter, Frances Casey, Weldon Chafe, David Chelmow, Jessica M. Ciaburri, Stephen A. Cohen, Adrianne M. Colton, PonJola Coney, Jennifer A. Cross, Julie Zemaitis DeCesare, Layson L. Denney, Megan L. Evans, Nicole S. Fanning, Tanaz R. Ferzandi, Katie P. Friday, Nancy D. Gaba, Rajiv B. Gala, Andrew Galffy, Adrienne L. Gentry, Edward J. Gill, Philippe Girerd, Meredith Gray, Amy Hempel, Audra Jolyn Hill, Chris J. Hong, Kathryn A. Houston, Patricia S. Huguelet, Warner K. Huh, Jordan Hylton, Christine R. Isaacs, Alison F. Jacoby, Isaiah M. Johnson, Nicole W. Karjane, Emily E. Landers, Susan M. Lanni, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Lee A. Learman, Nikola Alexander Letham, Rachel K. Love, Richard Scott Lucidi, Elisabeth McGaw, Kimberly Woods McMorrow, Christopher A. Manipula, Kirk J. Matthews, Michelle Meglin, Megan Metcalf, Sarah H. Milton, Gaby Moawad, Christopher Morosky, Lindsay H. Morrell, Elizabeth L. Munter, Erin L. Murata, Amanda B. Murchison, Nguyet A. Nguyen, Nan G. O’Connell, Tony Ogburn, K. Nathan Parthasarathy, Thomas C. Peng, Ashley Peterson, Sarah Peterson, John G. Pierce, Amber Price, Heidi J. Purcell, Ronald M. Ramus, Nicole Calloway Rankins, Fidelma B. Rigby, Amanda H. Ritter, Barbara L. Robinson, Danielle Roncari, Lisa Rubinsak, Jennifer Salcedo, Mary T. Sale, Peter F. Schnatz, John W. Seeds, Kathryn Shaia, Karen Shelton, Megan M. Shine, Haller J. Smith, Roger P. Smith, Nancy A. Sokkary, Reni A. Soon, Aparna Sridhar, Lilja Stefansson, Laurie S. Swaim, Chemen M. Tate, Hong-Thao Thieu, Meredith S. Thomas, L. Chesney Thompson, Tiffany Tonismae, Angela M. Tran, Breanna Walker, Alan G. Waxman, C. Nathan Webb, Valerie L. Williams, Sarah B. Wilson, Elizabeth M. Yoselevsky, Amy E. Young
- Edited by David Chelmow, Virginia Commonwealth University, Christine R. Isaacs, Virginia Commonwealth University, Ashley Carroll, Virginia Commonwealth University
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- Book:
- Acute Care and Emergency Gynecology
- Published online:
- 05 November 2014
- Print publication:
- 30 October 2014, pp ix-xiv
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Chapter Eight - The role of plant secondary metabolites in freshwater macrophyte–herbivore interactions
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- By Elisabeth M. Gross, Laboratoire Interactions Ecotoxicologie Biodiversité Ecosystémes, Université de Lorraine, Elisabeth S. Bakker, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology
- Edited by Glenn R. Iason, Marcel Dicke, Wageningen Universiteit, The Netherlands, Susan E. Hartley, University of York
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- Book:
- The Ecology of Plant Secondary Metabolites
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 19 April 2012, pp 154-169
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Summary
Introduction
Historically, herbivory on aquatic plants has been considered negligible. ‘One could probably remove all the larger plants and substitute glass structures of the same form and surface texture without greatly affecting the immediate food relations’, wrote Shelford (1918), cited in Hutchinson (1975) about grazing losses of submerged angiosperms. This misconception might have persisted for so long because grazing by zooplankton on phytoplankton has been the major focus in limnology for decades. Also, herbivore-related biomass losses of higher aquatic plants were estimated to be less than 10% of the total production (Wetzel, 1983). In the past two decades many studies have shown that multiple invertebrate and vertebrate herbivores feed on freshwater angiosperms and that herbivory on vascular plants is quantitatively equally important in terrestrial and freshwater habitats (Lodge, 1991; Newman, 1991; Cyr & Pace, 1993). Thus, we are now ready to critically consider the role of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) in freshwater plant–herbivore interactions. Whereas the importance and tremendous variety of PSMs is well acknowledged in terrestrial plants and seaweeds, relatively little is known about the presence, levels, types and function of PSMs in freshwater plants (Lodge et al., 1998; Sotka et al., 2009). This is surprising because aquatic angiosperms and most of their insect herbivores are in fact secondarily aquatic, descendant from terrestrial ancestors (Newman, 1991). Thus, similarities in potential feeding deterrents and host-plant selection might be anticipated. Yet there may also be pronounced differences in plant–herbivore interactions in the aquatic environment. For example, water provides different physico-chemical conditions compared with air or soil, which should affect the dispersal of released compounds. Additionally, not all terrestrial plant families and growth forms have relatives underwater, and aquatic herbivores differ in species composition and diet selection from their terrestrial counterparts. These environmental, phylogenetic and ecological predispositions might have shaped the kinds of feeding deterrents that are present in freshwater systems.
7 - Large herbivores: missing partners of western European light‐demanding tree and shrub species?
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- By Frans W. M. Vera, Staatsbosbeheer, Elisabeth S. Bakker, Department of Plant–Animal Interactions Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Han Olff, University of Groningen
- Edited by Kjell Danell, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Roger Bergström, The Forestry Research Institute of Sweden, Patrick Duncan, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, John Pastor, University of Minnesota, Duluth
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- Book:
- Large Herbivore Ecology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation
- Published online:
- 16 November 2009
- Print publication:
- 25 May 2006, pp 203-231
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Summary
INTRODUCTION
The landscape of the temperate zone of western Europe has a long history of human occupation and impact. As the development of agriculture and the growth of the human population coincided with climate change since the last ice age, it is difficult to picture the landscape without human intervention. Based on palaeoecological data and reference sites, several authors state that temperate Europe without human influence would have been covered with a closed‐canopy broad‐leaved forest in places where trees can grow (Ellenberg 1988, Peterken 1996). This perception is hereafter called ‘the classical forest theory’. This forest type is thought to have regenerated by means of small or large gaps, or large windblown areas, where young trees could grow up. Indigenous species of large herbivores that lived within the range of this forest ecosystem are considered forest dwellers. In temperate Europe this applies to the Holocene aurochs (Bos primigenius), tarpan (Equus przewalski gmelini), red deer (Cervus elaphus), moose (Alces alces), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and European bison (Bison bonasus). The animals would not have had a substantial influence on the forest, but have followed the development in the vegetation (Tansley 1935, Iversen 1960, Whittaker 1977). The role of large herbivores in the broad‐leaved forests is often discussed because the animals can prevent the regeneration of trees in the forest (see Chapter 6 in this book). When large herbivores, such as deer, cattle and horses, are excluded from forests, this usually stimulates recruitment (Peterken & Tubbs 1965, Putman et al.