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21 results

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  • Chapter 18 - Russian Philosophy

  • from Part III - Literature, the Arts, and Intellectual Life
  • Edited by Anna A. Berman, University of Cambridge
  • Book:
    Tolstoy in Context
    Published online:
    05 January 2023
    Print publication:
    22 December 2022, pp 144-152

  • Summary

    Russian philosophy was an important context for the development of Tolstoy’s thought and was also decisively shaped by it, especially after his religious conversion. In A Confession (1882), Tolstoy explained the process and inner dynamics of his newfound faith: how he eventually became convinced that the ideals that had driven his lifelong efforts at self-perfection and moral perfectibility entailed a higher divine reality. This idealist conception of faith had much in common with Kant’s moral theology and was a powerful stimulus to the further development of Russian philosophy, culminating in the so-called Russian religious-philosophical renaissance of the early twentieth century. The first part of this chapter focuses on Russian philosophy after 1880, when Tolstoy’s influence was greatest. The second part turns to developments earlier in the century, showing how Russian philosophy, especially the famous Slavophile–Westernizer controversy of the 1840s and the subsequent development of Slavophile religious thought, formed the context for Tolstoy’s thinking on the three problems that most preoccupied him: human dignity, the meaning of progress, and the foundations of faith.

  • In Memoriam

  • G. M. Hamburg, Randall A. Poole, Ronald Grigor Suny, Maria Todorova, Dmitry Tartakovsky, Anna Shternshis, William Nickell
  • Journal:
    Slavic Review / Volume 79 / Issue 4 / Winter 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    04 March 2021, pp. 921-932
    Print publication:
    Winter 2020
    • Article
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A History of Russian Philosophy 1830–1930
  • Faith, Reason, and the Defense of Human Dignity
  • Edited by G. M. Hamburg, Randall A. Poole
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    22 April 2010
  • The great age of Russian philosophy spans the century between 1830 and 1930 - from the famous Slavophile-Westernizer controversy of the 1830s and 1840s, through the 'Silver Age' of Russian culture at the beginning of the twentieth century, to the formation of a Russian 'philosophical emigration' in the wake of the Russian Revolution. This volume is a major history and interpretation of Russian philosophy in this period. Eighteen chapters (plus a substantial introduction and afterword) discuss Russian philosophy's main figures, schools and controversies, while simultaneously pursuing a common central theme: the development of a distinctive Russian tradition of philosophical humanism focused on the defence of human dignity. As this volume shows, the century-long debate over the meaning and grounds of human dignity, freedom and the just society involved thinkers of all backgrounds and positions, transcending easy classification as 'religious' or 'secular'. The debate still resonates strongly today.

  • 6 - Vladimir Solov′ëv's philosophical anthropology: autonomy, dignity, perfectibility

  • Edited by G. M. Hamburg, Claremont McKenna College, California, Randall A. Poole
  • Book:
    A History of Russian Philosophy 1830–1930
    Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    22 April 2010, pp 131-149

  • Summary

    This chapter focuses on the essential ananism of Vladimir Sergeevich Solov'ëv's core philosophical concept, Godmanhood, which incorporates human dignity as a constituent and inviolable principle. Solov'ëv's method, proceeding up to the divine from analysis of the human, is brilliantly deployed from the beginning of Lectures on Godmanhood. The conception of human nature that Solov'ëv introduced in Lectures on Godmanhood forms the basic philosophical framework of his subsequent works. Critique of Abstract Principles, written concurrently with Lectures on Godmanhood, is an indispensable exposition of the philosopher's whole system. Solov'ëv dealt with ethics before epistemology and metaphysics because he thought theory should explicate what moral experience immediately discloses about reality. Later, in Justification of the Good, he defended this approach as the "autonomy of morality". Human autonomy, dignity, and perfectibility are the conditions of Godmanhood or the Kingdom of God.

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