2 results
13 - Do brown capuchins socially learn foraging skills?
-
- By Sue Boinski, Department of Anthropology, 1112 Turlington Hall, PO Box 117305, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7305, USA, Robert P. Quatrone, Trevor Day School, 1 West 88th st., New York, NY 10024, USA, Karen Sughrue, 205 Forest Resources Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Lara Selvaggi, 42 Lexington Avenue, Apt 3, Greenwich, CT 06830, USA, Malinda Henry, Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Claudia M. Stickler, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Box 116455, 105 Black Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6455, USA, Lisa M. Rosea, Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia. 6303 NW Marine Drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Edited by Dorothy M. Fragaszy, University of Georgia, Susan Perry, University of California, Los Angeles
-
- Book:
- The Biology of Traditions
- Published online:
- 27 October 2009
- Print publication:
- 03 July 2003, pp 365-390
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
Introduction
Tool use and complex object manipulation skills are of intense interest to many disciplines. Yet the number of nonhuman primate taxa exploited in these comparative studies is usually limited to the great apes, and especially the chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes. The focus on chimpanzees is understandable. In the wild, chimpanzees greatly exceed all other apes in the frequency and complexity of tool manufacture and object and tool use (Sugiyama, 1997; Whiten et al., 1999). In captivity, however, tool use and complex object manipulation is common and can be readily elicited from all great ape species (Visalberghi et al., 1995).
In recent years, primatologists and comparative psychologists have paid increasing attention to the manipulative skills of capuchins, the New World primate genus Cebus. Not only does the proclivity of capuchins to use tools surpass that of all other monkeys either in the Old or the New World, but in many respects the spontaneous manipulative activities and dexterity of capuchins and chimpanzees share many characteristics (Anderson, 1996; Antinucci and Visalberghi, 1986; Panger, 1998; Parker and Gibson, 1977). Capuchins are well known for strenuous arthropod-extraction techniques and complex manipulation of difficult to process fruits (Fragaszy and Boinski, 1995; Janson and Boinski, 1992). Pounding and rubbing of fruits, invertebrates, and other food items against hard substrates is another food-processing technique exhibited by all four capuchin species (C. apella, brown capuchin, in Colombia and Peru: Izawa and Mizuno, 1977; Struhsaker and Leland, 1977; Terborgh, 1983; C. albifrons, white-fronted capuchin in Peru: Terborgh, 1983; C. capucinus, white-faced capuchin, in Costa Rica: Panger, 1998; Rose, 2001; and C. olivaceus, wedge-capped capuchin, in Venezuela: Fragaszy and Boinski, 1995; Robinson, 1986).
Squirrel monkeys in Costa Rica: drifting to extinction
- Sue Boinski, Katharine Jack, Craig Lamarsh, Jessica A. Coltrane
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
Central American squirrel monkeys Saimiri oerstedii are limited to Costa Rica and Panama, and have never been abundant. The Costa Rican population is now decimated. Based on our survey of squirrel monkeys throughout a large portion of the Costa Rican range of this species in 1996, we can confirm that at least 1246 squirrel monkeys remain in 26 spatially dispersed localities. Despite probable undercounts of squirrel monkeys within sites and potentially missed localities, the total population size should be considered far below a size that would provide longterm genetic viability. Deforestation and habitat fragmentation spurred by agricultural and tourism development are the familiar culprits contributing to this decline. Our strong recommendation is that future conservation efforts be targeted at the level of each specific locality, perhaps recruiting local, national and international sponsors. A focused strategy would allow management efforts to be tailored to the circumstances specific to each site and thus allocate scarce resources more efficiently.