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Large-scale distribution of coccolithophores and Parmales in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2016

Qingshan Luan ,
Jianqiang Sun  and
Jun Wang
Qingshan Luan
Affiliation:
Division of Fishery Resources and Ecosystem, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Jianqiang Sun
Affiliation:
Division of Fishery Resources and Ecosystem, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Jun Wang*
Affiliation:
Division of Fishery Resources and Ecosystem, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Function Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: J. Wang, Division of Fishery Resources and Ecosystem, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China email: wangjun@ysfri.ac.cn
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Abstract

Coccolithophores and Parmales are important functional groups of calcified and siliceous marine nanophytoplankton. Large-scale biogeographic distributions of the two groups were investigated based on 71 samples that were collected in the Atlantic Ocean. Using a scanning electron microscope, a total of 48 taxa of coccolithophores and eight taxa of Parmales were recorded, with Emiliania huxleyi, Tetraparma pelagica and Triparma strigata as the predominant forms. The highest abundances of coccolithophores (376 × 103 cells l−1) and Parmales (624 × 103 cells l−1) were observed in waters north-east of the Falkland Islands and the South Georgia Island, in close association with the Subantarctic Front and Polar Front, respectively. Three major biogeographic assemblages, i.e. the Falkland Shelf Assemblage, the Southern Ocean Assemblage and the Atlantic Ocean Assemblage, were revealed in cluster analysis. Additionally, canonical correspondence analysis indicated that temperature significantly affects the latitudinal patterns of the two algal groups. High abundances of Parmales were closely coupled with those of E. huxleyi in waters of the Southern Ocean with low temperature (<10°C). However, the number of coccolithophore species, along with the Shannon–Weaver diversity, significantly increased with elevated temperature, suggesting more diverse assemblages in tropical waters.

Keywords

AbundanceAtlanticcoccolithophoresmultivariate analysisoceanic frontParmales
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 98 , Issue 3 , May 2018 , pp. 567 - 579
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 

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