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A spectrum of disease in Human African trypanosomiasis: the host and parasite genetics of virulence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 July 2010

JEREMY M. STERNBERG  and
LORNA MACLEAN
JEREMY M. STERNBERG*
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
LORNA MACLEAN
Affiliation:
Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, YO10 5YW, UK
*
*Corresponding Author: Jeremy M Sternberg, IBES, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ. Tel: +44 1224 272272. E-mail: j.sternberg@abdn.ac.uk
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Summary

For over 50 years it has been known that there are considerable differences in the severity and rate of progression of both Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense infection between individuals. Yet research into the factors, whether parasite or host, which control virulence in Human African trypanosomiasis is in its infancy. In this paper we review the clinical evidence for virulence variation and the epidemiological and experimental data that give clues as to the mechanisms involved. Evidence will be presented for both asymptomatic forms of T. b. gambiense infection and low virulence forms of T. b. rhodesiense infection in humans. While in both cases the mechanisms remain to be elucidated, the overall infection virulence phenotype is determined by both parasite and host genotype.

Keywords

Trypanosomiasissleeping sicknessvirulence
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 137 , Special Issue 14: African trypanosomiasis: New insights for disease control , December 2010 , pp. 2007 - 2015
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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